TY  - JOUR
TT  - Brachycephalıc Pıgmentary Keratıtıs In Dogs
AU  - Ergin, İrem
PY  - 2018
DA  - March
JF  - Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi
JO  - JHS
PB  - Erciyes University
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1018-3655
SP  - 55
EP  - 59
VL  - 27
IS  - 1
KW  - Pigment
KW  - kornea
KW  - melanosis
KW  - entropion
KW  - köpek
N2  - Brachycephalic dogs are predisposed to eye disorders due to their anatomical structures. One of the most common eye problem of brachycephalic breeds is corneal pigmentation, also called corneal melanosis or pigmentary keratitis. Chronic irritation of hair on the corneal surface, especially in eyelid and eyelash anomalies, plays an important role in etiology. The aim of this study is to evaluate pigmentary keratitis which occurs frequently in brachycephalic dogs and reveal treatment outcomes. The study material consisted of 105 eyes of 73 dogs with pigmentary keratitis. Pigmentary keratitis was most commonly seen in Pug breed. According to the owners’ anamnesis and clinical examination, visual loss (n=72), conjunctivitis (n=12), ocular discharge (n=48), entropion (n=62), distichiasis (n=27), corneal opacity (n=13) and vascularization (n=18) were determined. For surgical treatment, entropion was corrected with kantoplasty technique and eyelashes were removed in distichiasis and trichiasis. Cyclosporine and sodium hyaluronate drops were continuously used for medical treatment of the eye. Also, dexamethasone phosphate drops were applied regularly for 1 week according to corneal vascularization and opacity. After correcting the lid and eyelash defects, it was seen that pigment migration decreased with removal of chronic irritation to corneal surface and stopped by the addition of medical treatment
CR  - 1. Christmas RE. Common ocular problems of Shih
Tzu dogs. Can Vet J 1992; 33:390-393.
CR  - 2. Grahn BH, Wolfer J. Diagnostic ophthalmology.
Can Vet J 1998; 39:661-662.
CR  - 3. Krecny M, Tichy A, Rushton J, et al. A retrospective
survey of ocular abnormalities in pugs: 130 cases.
J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56:96-102.
CR  - 4. McCracken JS, Klintworth GK. Ultrastructural
observations on experimentally produced melanin
pigmentation of the corneal epithelium. Am J
Pathol 1976; 85:167-176.
CR  - 5. Ergin I, Senel OO, Koc B. Kedi kornea nekrozlarının konjunktival flep ile sağaltımı. Vet Hek Der
Derg 2016; 87:44-54.
CR  - 6. Maggs DJ. Cornea and sclera. In: Maggs DJ, Miller
PE, Ofri R (eds), Slatter’s fundamentals of veterinary ophthalmology. Saunders Elsevier, St Louis
2008; pp 180.
CR  - 7. Gilger BC, Bentley E, Olivier FJ. Diseases and surgery of the canine cornea and sclera. In: Gelatt KN
(ed), Veterinary Ophthalmology. Blackwell Publishing, Iowa 2007; pp 721–722.
CR  - 8. Turner SM. Brachycephalic pigmentary keratitis.
In: Turner SM (ed), Small Animal Ophthalmology.
Saunders Elsevier, St Louis 2008; pp 176-182.
CR  - 9. Labelle AL, Dresser CB, Hamor RE, et al.
Characteristics of, prevalence of, and risk factors
for corneal pigmentation (pigmentary
keratopathy) in Pugs. JAVMA 2013; 243:667-674.
CR  - 10. Ollivier FJ. Bacterial corneal diseases in dogs and
cats. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract 2003; 18:193-
198.
CR  - 11. Anoop S, Devanand CB, Syam KV, et al. Assessment
of grading and isolation of bacterial organisms in
canine pigmentary keratitis. International J
Advanced Res 2015; 3:440-443.
CR  - 12. Sarangom SB, Venugopal SK, Martin KDJ, et al.
Incidence and predisposing factors of
keratopathies in Chinese Pugs. Indian Vet J 2014;
91:41-43.
CR  - 13. Aquino SM. Surgery of the eyelids. Topics in
Companian Animal Medicine 2008; 23:10-22.
CR  - 14. Woerdt A. Adnexal surgery in dogs and cats. Vet
Opthalmol 2004; 7:284-290.
CR  - 15. Lackner PA. Techniques for surgical correction of
adnexal disease. Clin Tech Small Anim Pract 2001;
16:40-50.
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/eujhs/issue//553203
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/694073
ER  -