TY  - JOUR
T1  - Quality and composition of lipids used in biodiesel production and methods of transesterification: A review
AU  - Ekin, İhsan
PY  - 2019
DA  - December
DO  - 10.32571/ijct.623165
JF  - International Journal of Chemistry and Technology
JO  - Int. J. Chem. Technol.
PB  - Rabia ACEMİOĞLU
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2602-277X
SP  - 77
EP  - 91
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
LA  - en
AB  - This study presents abrief overview of the composition and properties of various oils used inbiodiesel production and the alkali, acidic and enzymatic transesterificationreactions used in production. Nowadays, vegetable and microalgae oils aremostly used in biodiesel production. Recently, however, animal fats, processedoils, industrial oils and yeast and bacterial oils have also gained importance.Although all fats and oils are roughly similar, their saturated fatty acids(SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA),free fatty acids (FFA), cholesterol or glycerol contents may be different andaffect the production and efficiency of the biodiesel. Triglycerides are themost significant lipids in biodiesel production. Triglycerides in vegetableoils dominantly contain C18:1ω9 and C18:2ω6 fatty acids. Whereas, triglyceridesin animal fats mostly include C16:0 and C18:1ω9 fatty acids. Microalgae arerich in long-chain fatty acids such as C20 and C22. Also, fatty acids such asC14:0, C16:1ω7, C18:0, C20:0, C22:0, C24:0, C22:1ω9, C18:3ω6, C20:4ω6 andC20:5ω6 are present in oils and fats. However, their proportions change fromfeedstock to feedstock. Rendered animal-originated fats include largerquantities of FFA than waste vegetable oils and, as known, excessive amounts ofFFA generate soap in reactions with the alkaline catalyst, reducing biodieselefficiency. For this reason, generally vegetable and microalgal oils containinga large number of triglycerides and less FFA are preferred for biodieselproduction. Bacteria can synthesize branched fatty acids. It has been reportedthat biodiesel produced from branched fatty acids has advantages according tobiodiesel produced from other lipids. Consequently, the use of correct and reliablelipids in biodiesel production is very important for the quality of fuel.
KW  - Fatty acids
KW  - lipid feedstocks
KW  - biodiesel
KW  - transesterification
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.623165
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/865885
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