TY - JOUR T1 - POLITICALREPRESIONSIN GEORGIADURINGTHE IQUARTETOFTHE XX CENTURY TT - XX. YÜZYILIN İLK ÇEYREĞİNDE GÜRCİSTAN'DAKİ SİYASAL BASKILAR AU - Sosıashvılı, Giorgi PY - 2019 DA - December DO - 10.17498/kdeniz.647659 JF - Karadeniz Uluslararası Bilimsel Dergi JO - Karadeniz | Black Sea | чёрное море PB - Hayrettin İVGİN WT - DergiPark SN - 1308-6200 SP - 360 EP - 374 IS - 44 LA - en AB - On February 25, 1921 the SovietRussia had occupied Georgia. After the establishment of the Soviet rule, thecountry had undergone massive repressions, as the Bolshevik’s had persecutedall the individuals with different political ideas. This was expressed in formsof taking citizens rights of voting away from them (Sosiashvili, 2011:49), making them exile or incertain occasions their physical liquidation. The Bolshevik terror has hadstruck upon the higher circles of the society. The citizens, who had beendeprived of the belongings, were punished on the grounds of being "anobleman and an enemy of the working class", they were deprived of anyproperty, houses, livestock, etc., The sources kept at the archives gives usheavy and unvarnished information about the situation in Georgia. TheBolsheviks took away the property of the Georgian noblemen and gave it to thestate.The bolshevik government also attacked the Orthodox Church along with otherreligious minorities (Sosiashvili, 2014:224).During the 20s of the XX century more than 1000 churches had beenclosed. Prior to the repressions in the country there had been approximately1350 churches, where 1700 priests, 1527 monks and 280 nuns had served. Thenumber had decreased to couple of dozens (Japaridze, 2009:115).The presentedsources allows us to see the clear-cut picture about the repressions in thecountry during the I quarter of the XX century, which had had an astonishingblow on the Georgian society. Unfortunately, the Bolshevik terror had notstopped there, as it became regular to persecute citizens in the later years,whereas the “Red Terror” took away the lives of many other innocent people. KW - Georgia KW - occupation KW - Bolshevik government KW - Shida Kartli KW - repressions N2 - ÖZ25 Şubat 1921’de Sovyet Rusya,Gürcistan'ı işgal etti. Gürcistan Demokratik Cumhuriyeti Hükümeti ülkeyi terketmek zorunda kaldı. Sovyet iktidarının kurulmasından sonra Bolşeviklertarafından farklı siyasî düşüncelerinden dolayı insanlara şiddetli baskılar uygulandı.Bundan sonra vatandaşların oy kullanmahakları ellerinden alındı (Sosiashvili, 2011: 49). İnsanlar sürgün ve benzeriolaylarla da katledildiler. Bolşevik terörü toplumun en yüksek çevrelerinekadar ulaştı. Mülkiyetten yoksun bırakılmış vatandaşlar “işçi sınıfınındüşmanları” ilan edildiler ve cezalandırıldılar. Bunlar bütün mülklerinden,evlerden, hayvanlardan vb. mahrum edildiler. Arşivlerde muhafaza edilenkaynaklardan dönemin Gürcistan’ında ne kadar zor bir durumun var olduğu çok netanlaşılmaktadır. Bolşevikler, Gürcü soyluların mülklerine el koydular ve bumalları hazineye devrettiler. Ayrıca, Bolşevik Hükümeti, diğer dinîazınlıkların yanı sıra Ortodoks Kilisesi'ne de saldırdı (Sosiashvili, 2014:224). 1920'lerde 1000'den fazla kilise kapatıldı. Baskılardan önce, ülkede 1700papaz, 1527 rahip ve 280 rahibenin hizmet verdiği 1350 kilise vardı ve bunlarınbüyük kısmı kapatıldı (Dzhaparidze, 2009: 115). Sunulan kaynaklar, 20. yüzyılınilk çeyreğinde ülkedeki baskıların Gürcistan toplumuna ne kadar çarpıcı birdarbe vurduğunu net bir şekilde göstermektedir. Ne yazık ki, Bolşevik terörü bunoktada durmadı ve sonraki yıllarda vatandaşlara yapılan zülüm daha fazlayaygınlaştı, “Kızıl Terör” birçok masum insanın hayat hakkını elinden aldı. Bolşevikterörü Gürcü toplumunun yetişmiş insan gücünü yok etti. Dönemin yaraları birçokailenin hayatını tamamen etkiledi. 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