@article{article_668544, title={Do + subjunctive, future reference and modality in Albanian}, journal={Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies}, volume={15}, pages={1426–1435}, year={2019}, DOI={10.17263/jlls.668544}, author={Berisha, Ardita and Binaj, Kadire}, keywords={futurity; tense; modality; epistemic; deontic; dynamic; conditional}, abstract={The purpose of this paper is to present the use of the structure do + subjunctive, as one of the grammatical forms that marks futurity in Albanian. This grammatical form has derived from the free syntactic structure of dua + subjunctive, which used to express modality of desire or volition; therefore, do + subjunctive in Albanian is known as volitive future. In addition to its main function, namely reference to future time, do + subjunctive is also often used to express clear modal meaning. This modal meaning that characterizes do + subjunctive can be read in a variety of ways, depending on the context in which it appears. It can be used to express an epistemic conclusion, a conclusion based on speaker’s general knowledge or experience. This grammatical form can also be used to express different forms of deontic modality such as an order or a promise. Though less commonly, do + subjunctive can also be used to express speaker’s volition or desire. This modal component is characteristic especially for the do + imperfect subjunctive: do të punoja “I would work”. In addition to these uses, do + subjunctive can also be used in conditional constructions, both in apodosis and protasis, to express real and unreal conditions.}, number={4}, publisher={Hacettepe University}