TY  - JOUR
T1  - The development of Self-Directed Learning skills of Teacher Candidates through Community-Based Recreation Program
AU  - Noklang, Sumate
PY  - 2020
DA  - December
Y2  - 2020
DO  - 10.17275/per.20.43.7.3
JF  - Participatory Educational Research
JO  - PER
PB  - Özgen KORKMAZ
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2148-6123
SP  - 217
EP  - 229
VL  - 7
IS  - 3
LA  - en
AB  - The purposes of this experimental study with pretest-posttest control-group design were to examine the effect of community-based recreation program (CBRP) in developing of self-directed learning skills (SDLS) among teacher candidates and to evaluate their satisfaction of CBRP. The samples were 60 teacher candidates from Srinakharinwirot University. They were divided equally into two groups (experimental and control group) by using multi-stage sampling. Research instruments were: a CBRP for SDLS development of teacher candidates, which face validity was approved by five experts; and two questionnaires designed by researcher to evaluate teacher candidates’ satisfaction of CBRP and assess their SDLS. Both questionnaires using IOC = 0.8-1.0 on all item with five experts also approved the content validity. Cronbach’s Alpha on all item were 0.80 or higher respectively for coefficient of reliability. Data was analysed by means, S.D., and dependent t-test, independent t-test, and effect size (Cohen’s d). The results indicated that: 1) after the CBRP was completed, the experimental group scored better in both overall and each item of SDLS than before joining the program with significant differences of 0.05, 2) there was no significant difference in the overall and each item of SDLS in the control group between before and after the CBRP was completed; 3) after the CBRP was completed, the experimental group SDLS’s scores were better in both overall and each item than control group at the significant differences of 0.05. Finally, the effect size (Cohen’s d) of this study indicated that the experimental group is large enough to have an influence on the population (d = 18.52); 4) the experimental group scored the highest on the satisfaction evaluation for the CBRP.
KW  - self-directed  learning skills
KW  - community-based recreation program
KW  - education
KW  - teacher candidates
CR  - Ariss, J., Gerlach, A., Baker, J., Barry, K., Cooper, L., Vries, T., . . . Lacroix, M. (2019). Community-Based Recreation Therapy and Mental Health Recovery: A Mixed-Media Participatory Action Research Study. Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, 13(2), 161-170. doi:10.1353/cpr.2019.0016
CR  - Bicaj, A., & Shala, A. (2018). Theoretical Approaches vs. Teacher as a Role Model Towards Language Learning. Educational Process: International Journal, 7(4), 278-290. doi:10.22521/edupij.2018.74.5
CR  - Borghi, S., Mainardes, E., & Silva, É. (2016). Expectations of higher education students: A comparison between the perception of student and teachers. Tertiary Education and Management, 22(2), 171-188. doi:10.1080/13583883.2016.1188326
CR  - Boyer, S. L., Edmondson, D. R., Artis, A. B., & Fleming, D. (2014). Self-Directed Learning: A Tool for Lifelong Learning. Journal of Marketing Education, 36(1), 20-32. doi:10.1177/0273475313494010
CR  - Broderick, P. C. (2015). The life span : human development for helping professionals (4th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson.
CR  - Corona, F., Perrotta, F., Polcini, E., & Cozzarelli, C. (2011). The New Frontiers of Edutainment: The Development of an Educational and Socio-Cultural Phenomenon Over time of Globalization. Journal of Social Sciences, 7(3), 408-411. doi:10.3844/jssp.2011.408.411
CR  - Cremers, P. H. M., Wals, A. E. J., Wesselink, R., Nieveen, N., & Mulder, M. (2014). Self-directed lifelong learning in hybrid learning configurations. International Journal of Lifelong Education, 33(2), 207-232. doi:10.1080/02601370.2013.838704
CR  - Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed-Method Approaches (5th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.
CR  - Dattilo, J. (2015). Leisure Education Program Planning: A Systematic Approach (4th ed.). State College, PA: Venture Publishing.
CR  - de Boer, H., Timmermans, A. C., & van der Werf, M. P. C. (2018). The effects of teacher expectation interventions on teachers’ expectations and student achievement: Narrative review and meta-analysis. Educational Research and Evaluation, 24(3-5), 180-200. doi:10.1080/13803611.2018.1550834
CR  - Edginton, C. R., Lankford, S. V., Dieser, R. B., & Kowalski, C. L. (2018). Recreation & Leisure Programming: A 21st Century Perspective. Urbana, IL: Sagamore-Venture.
CR  - Educational Support and Service Office Srinakharinwirot University. (2018). Enrollment statistics.  http://edservices.op.swu.ac.th/Default.aspx?tabid=7689
CR  - Fenton, L., White, C., Gallant, K. A., Gilbert, R., Hutchinson, S., Hamilton-Hinch, B., & Lauckner, H. (2017). The Benefits of Recreation for the Recovery and Social Inclusion of Individuals with Mental Illness: An Integrative Review. Leisure Sciences, 39(1), 1-19. doi:10.1080/01490400.2015.1120168
CR  - Harun, M., & Salamuddin, N. (2013). Applying Elements of Outdoor Education in Teacher Education Innovation. Asian Social Science, 9(16), 15-21. doi:10.5539/ass.v9n16p15
CR  - Herrmann, S. D., Adelman, R. M., Bodford, J. E., Graudejus, O., Okun, M. A., & Kwan, V. S. Y. (2016). The Effects of a Female Role Model on Academic Performance and Persistence of Women in STEM Courses. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 38(5), 258-268. doi:10.1080/01973533.2016.1209757
CR  - Kheovichai, K., & Sangwattanakul, W. (2015). Recreation Activities Model with Community Participation through the Use of Museum and Local Learning Resources to Promote the Creative Learning. Silpakorn Educational Research Journal, 7(2), 22-33.
CR  - Knowles, M. S. (1975). Self-directed Learning: A guide for learners and teachers. Chicago, IL: Association Press.
CR  - Knowles, M. S., Holton, E. F., & Swanson, R. A. (2015). The Adult Learner: The definitive classic in adult education and human resource development. (8th ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
CR  - Laal, M. (2011). Lifelong Learning: What does it mean? Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 28, 470 – 474. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.11.090
CR  - Long, T., & Robertson, T. (2020). Considering Therapeutic Recreation as Your Profession In T. Long & T. Robertson (Eds.), Foundations of Therapeutic Recreation: Perceptions, Philosophies, and Practices (2nd ed.). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
CR  - Mercer, J. (2013). Child Development: Myths and misunderstandings (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.
CR  - Moodley, I., & Singh, S. (2018). Exploring Community-based Training Opportunities for Dental Therapy Students in Non-governmental and Private Sectors in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. African Journal of Health Professions Education, 10(3), 176-182. doi:10.7196/AJHPE.2018.v10i3.1031
CR  - Mosweunyane, D., & France, K. (2017). Lifelong Learning for Sustainable Development in the Developing World. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 6(4), 1-12. doi:10.6007/IJARPED/v6-i4/3251
CR  - Narinasamy, I., & Logeiswaran, A. (2015). Teacher As Moral Model – Are We Caring Enough? World Journal of Education, 5(6), 1-13. doi:10.5430/wje.v5n6p1
CR  - Noklang, M., Supawan, S., & Boonwatthanakul, C. (2015). The Effects of Recreational Activity Entitle Nipa Palm Products on Learning Achievement of Early Adolescence in Koh Yong-star Community Palian District, Trang Province. Journal of Research and Curriculum Development, 5(2), 60-71.
CR  - Noklang, S., Srisuantang, S., & Tanpichai, P. (2015). A Confirmatory Factor Analysis Model of Adversity Quotient among Third Year Students in the Five-year teacher Education Course at Prince of Songkla University, Pattani Campus. Journal of Liberal Arts, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, 7(1), 109-125.
CR  - Polsorn, K. (2018). Effects of a Recreation Program for Improvement of Adversity Quotient of Hearing Impaired Students. Journal of Liberal Arts Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai Campus, 10(2), 333-359.
CR  - Rittikoop, W. (2018). Community-Based Learning : Effective pedagogy strategies for teachers in the 21st century. Graduate School Journal Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, 11(3), 179-191.
CR  - Rojek, C. (2005). Leisure theory: Principles and practice. New York, NY: PALGRAVE MACMILLAN.
CR  - Rossman, J. R., & Schlatter, B. E. (2015). Recreation Programming: Designing leisure experiences (7th ed.). Urbana, IL: Sagamore Publishing.
CR  - Russell, R. V., & Jamieson, L. M. (2008). Leisure Program Planning and Delivery. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
CR  - Sanders, R. A. (2013). Adolescent Psychosocial, Social, and Cognitive Development. Pediatrics in review, 34(8), 354-359. doi:10.1542/pir.34-8-354
CR  - Topanurakkun, U. (2017). Development of Recreational Activity with Community Participationby Using Museum of the Thai Farmer's Way of Life at Wat Cha-am in Petchaburi for Promoting Creative Learning. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Review, 19(2), 107-122.
CR  - Ullman, M. T., & Lovelett, J. T. (2018). Implications of the Declarative/Procedural Model for Improving Second Language Learning: The role of memory enhancement techniques. Second Language Research, 34(1), 39-65. doi:10.1177/0267658316675195
CR  - World Health Organization. (2010). Community-based Rehabilitation : CBR guidelines: Geneva : World Health Organization.
UR  - https://doi.org/10.17275/per.20.43.7.3
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1208021
ER  -