TY  - JOUR
T1  - Structural and Spectral Analysis of  Epicatechin Molecule by Density Functional Theory Method
AU  - Ucun, Fatih
AU  - Demir, Fatıma
AU  - Karakaya, Mustafa
PY  - 2021
DA  - March
JF  - Journal of Multidisciplinary Modeling and Optimization
JO  - jmmo
PB  - Ahmet ŞAHİNER
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 2645-923X
SP  - 47
EP  - 56
VL  - 3
IS  - 2
LA  - en
AB  - In this study, firstly the minimum energy structure of the title compound was determined by a result of the scanning of the potential energy surface at DFT(B3LYP)/6-31 G (d, p) from -180o to -180o at 20o steps at a dihedral angle. Then, the ground state optimized structure and spectral results of the molecule were calculated by using DFT(B3LYP) method at 6-311++G(d,p) level of theory. Its optimized structure parameters (bond lengths, bond angles and torsion angles), vibrational frequencies and chemical shift values were listed and, compared with the corresponding experimental results.
KW  - Optimization
KW  - Epicatechin
KW  - Vibrational Frequency
KW  - Chemical Shift
KW  - DFT
CR  - A. R. Leach, Molecular Modelling: Principles and Applications, Prentice Hall, Harlow, 88-92, 2001.
CR  - J. B. Foresman and A. Frisch, Exploring Chemistry with Electronic Structure Methods, Gaussian, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 1996. 
   
 H.N. Graham, Green tea composition, consumption, and polyphenol chemistry, Prev. Med. 21 1992 334-350.
CR  - H. Mukhtar, Z.Y. Wang, S.K. Katiyar and R. Agarwal, Tea components: antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic e¡ects, Prev. Med. 21 1992, 351-360.
CR  - Z.Y. Wang, S.J. Cheng, Z.C. Zhou, M. Athar, W.A. Khan, D.R. Bickers and H. Mukh-tar, Antimutagenic activity of gren tea polyphenols, Mutat. Res. 223 1989, 273-289.
CR  - Z.G. Dong, W.Y. Ma, C.S. Huang and C.S. Yang, Inhibition of tumor promoter-induced activator protein 1 activation and cell transformation by tea polyphenols, (3)-epigallokateşin gallate, and thea£avins, Cancer Res. 57 1997, 4414-4419.
CR  - C.S. Yang and Z.Y. Wang, Tea and cancer, J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 58 1993, 1038-1049.
CR  - S. Yoshizawa, T. Horiuchi, H. Fujiki, T. Yoshida, T. Okuda and T. Sugimura, Antitumor promoting activity of (3)-epigallokateşin gallate, the main constituent of `tannin' in green tea, Photother. Res. 1 1987, 44-47.
CR  - N. Salah, N.J. Miller, G. Paganga, L. Tijiburg, G.P. Bolwell and C. Rice-Evans, Polyphenolic £avonols as scavengers of aqueous phase radicals and as chain-breaking anti-oxidants, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 322 1995, 339-346.
CR  - T. Hatano, R. Edamatsu, M. Hiramatsu, A. Mori, Y. Fujita, T. Yasuhara and T. Okuda, Ejects of the interaction of tannins with co-existing substances. VI. Ejects of tannins and rela-ted polyphenols on superoxide anion radical, and on 1,1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37 1989, 2016-2021.
CR  - G. Sichel, C. Corsaro, M. Scalia, A.J. DiBilio and R.P. Bonomo, In vitro scavenger activity of some £avonoids and melanins against O3W 2, Free Radic. Biol. Med. 11 1991, 1-8.
CR  - Q. Guo, B.L. Zhao, M.F. Li, S.R. Shen and W.J. Xin, Studies on protective mecha-nisms of four components of green tea polyphenols against lipid peroxidation in synaptoso-mes, Biochem. Biophys. Acta 1304 1996, 210-222.
CR  - S.R. Shen, X.Q. Yang, F.J. Ya, B.L. Zhao, W.J. Xin and H. Yukihiko, Coordinatingly synergic e¡ect of kateşins during their antioxidant, J. Tea. Sci. 13 1993, 141-146.
CR  - M. J. Frisch, et al., GAUSSIAN 03, Revision C.02, Gaussian Inc., Pittsburgh, PA, 2003.
CR  - A. Frish, A. B. Nielsen, A. J.  Holder, Gauss View User Manual, Gaussian Inc. Pitts-burg, PA, 2001.
CR  - D. C. Young, Computational Chemistry: A Practical Guide for Applying Techniques to Real-World Problems, (Electronics), John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York 2001, p.92.
CR  - M. H. Jamróz, Vibrational Energy Distribution Analysis VEDA 4, Warsaw, 2004.
CR  - R. Ditchfield, Self-consistent perturbation theory of diamagnetism. 1. Gauge-invariant LCAO method for N.M.R. chemical shifts, Mol. Phys., 27 1974 789-807.
CR  - C. M. Rohlfing, L. C. Allen and  R. Ditchfield, Proton and 13C chemical shifts: com-parison between theory and experiment, Chem. Phys. 87 1984, 9-15.
CR  - L. Spek and B. Kojıc-Prodı, Structure of (-)-Epicatechin: (2R,3R)-2-(3,4-Dihyroxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H- lbenzopyran-3,5,7-triol, C15H1406, Acta Cryst. C40 1984 2068-2071.
CR  - Spectral Database for Organic Compounds, SDBS. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan. 
http://sdbs.db.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/direct_frame_top.cgi
UR  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/jmmo/issue//823456
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1387967
ER  -