TY  - JOUR
T1  - Psikolojide Yöntem Sorunlarına Eleştirel Yaklaşım ve Öneriler
TT  - A Critical Approach to Methodological Problems in Psychology and Suggestions
AU  - Gezici-yalçın, Meral
AU  - Coşkan, Canan
PY  - 2021
DA  - December
DO  - 10.26650/SP2020-844357
JF  - Studies in Psychology
PB  - Istanbul University
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1304-4680
SP  - 759
EP  - 787
VL  - 41
IS  - 3
LA  - tr
AB  - Bağımsız  bir  alan  olarak  ortaya  çıktığı  günden  bu  yana  doğa  bilimlerinin tümdengelimci  araştırma  yöntemine  yönelen,  bu  yöntemi  tek  taraflı,  Batı merkezci  ve  sadece  yanlışlama  ilkesi  temelinde  kullanan  psikoloji  bilimi, günümüzde devasa sorunlarla karşı karşıya. Bu sorunlar karşısında açık bilim ve ön-kayıtlanma uygulaması gibi bazı çözüm önerileri geliştirilse de bir bütün olarak psikoloji disiplininin tarihsel eleştirisinin yapıldığı az sayıda eser göze çarpıyor.  Bu  nedenle  bu  yazıda  amacımız  öncelikle  paradigmalar  açısından psikoloji  tarihine  kısa  bir  göz  atarak  her  şeyin  nasıl  başladığını  hatırlamak. Bunun ardından, ontolojik ve epistemolojk pozisyonumuzu ortaya koymak için psikolojiye eleştirel yaklaşım ve güncel kuir feminist bilim çalışmaları temelinde epistemolojik  çeşitlilik,  düşünümsellik,  öznelerarasılık,  konumlandırılmış  ve bağlamlandırılmış bilgi üretme ilkelerini ayrıntılandırıyor ve bu ilkeleri psikoloji çalışmalarının  merkezinde  tutmanın  önemine  değiniyoruz.  Takiben,  çoklu paradigmaların ve karma yaklaşımların diyalektik bir şekilde ve önerdiğimiz ilkeler çerçevesinde eleştirel bir yaklaşımla kullanılmasının psikolojinin farklı alanlarındaki genel yöntem sorunlarına çözüm olabileceği savını tartışıyoruz. Yöntem konusuna eleştirel bir pencereden bakmanın, içinde farklı yöntemlerin ve tekniklerin bulunduğu bir ‘alet çantası’ metaforuyla yaklaşmanın, psikolojinin yöntembilimsel  sorunlarını  aşmaya  yönelik  katkılarının  neler  olabileceğini irdeliyoruz.  Bu  esnada,  çoklu  ve  karma  yöntemleri  kısaca  tanıtıyor  ve psikolojideki  kullanımlarına  yönelik  güncel  tartışmaları  özetliyoruz.  Kısaca bu  yazıda,  psikolojinin  toplumsal  sorunların  çözümüne  katkısının,  çoklu  ve karma  yöntemlerin  eleştirel  bakış  açısıyla  alan  yazını  da  dönüştürecek  bir amaçla  kullanılmasıyla  artabileceği  savını  ortaya  atıyoruz.  Bu  çerçevede, eleştirel bakış açısı için gerekli temel ilkelerle (düşünümsellik, öznelerarasılık, konumlandırılmış  bilgi)  yola  çıkıldığında,  bilginin  (ve  dolayısıyla  verinin) türünden (nitel veya nicel) ziyade, bilginin hangi amaçla ve kim için üretildiği sorusunun daha önemli bir tartışma zemini yaratabileceğini ileri sürüyoruz.
KW  - Psikolojide yöntem sorunları
KW  - bilimsel paradigmalar
KW  - nitel ve nicel yöntemler
KW  - eleştirel yaklaşım
KW  - düşünümsellik
KW  - konumlandırılmış bilgi
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