TY - JOUR T1 - Farklı Formatlarda Oynatılan Futbola Özgü Oyunların Ruh Hali ve Zihinsel Yük Cevapları TT - Mood States and Mental Workload Responses in Different Formats Soccer Spesific Games AU - Soylu, Yusuf PY - 2021 DA - April Y2 - 2021 DO - 10.38021/asbid.909867 JF - Mediterranean Journal of Sport Science JO - MJSS PB - Hasan ŞAHAN WT - DergiPark SN - 2667-5463 SP - 167 EP - 179 VL - 4 IS - 1 LA - tr AB - Bu araştırmanın amacı, farklı formatlardaki 2v2 dar alan oyunlarında futbolcuların ruh hali ve zihinsel yük cevaplarının incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 24 amatör futbolcu (yaş: 20.4 ± 3.1) katılmıştır. Araştırmanın yöntem kısmında futbolculara, 3 farklı (kalecili, küçük kaleli ve topa sahip olma) futbola özgü 2v2 dar alan oyunu oynatılmıştır. Oyunlar, 4 set, 2 dakika ve setler arası 2 dakika dinlenme şeklinde oynatılmıştır. Futbolculara oyunlar öncesinde ve sonrasında Brunel Ruh Hali ölçeği ve oyunlar sonrasında NASA TLX zihinsel iş yükü indeksi doldurtulmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre, kalecili oyunda bitkinlik, kızgınlık ve dinçlik ruh hallerinde, küçük kaleli oyunda bitkinlik ve dinçlik ve topa sahip olma oyununda ise bitkinlik, depresiflik, kızgınlık ve dinçlik ruh hali cevaplarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıkları görülmüştür (p KW - Futbol KW - Dar alan oyunları KW - Ruh hali KW - Zihinsel yük KW - Performans KW - Performance KW - Performance N2 - The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the mood and mental workload (MWL) during 2v2 small-sided games (SSGs) in different formats. Twenty-four amateur soccer players (age: 20.4 ± 3.1) participated in three different soccer-specific 2v2 small-sided games (2v2+goalkeper (GK), mini-goal (MG), possession of the ball (P)). The games were played as 4x2’ and 2’ rest between sets. Mood State and MWL were measured using the Brunel Mood Scale and NASA TLX. Brunel and NASA TLX were collected before and after all SSGs. Fatigue and anger after SSG+GK were higher than the comparison before SSG+MG (p CR - Aguiar, M., Botelho, G., Lago, C., Maças, V., & Sampaio, J. (2012). A review on the effects of soccer small-sided games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 33, 103–113. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-012-0049-x CR - Arslan, E., Alemdaroglu, U., Koklu, Y., Hazir, T., Muniroglu, S., & Karakoc, B. (2017). Effects of Passive and active Rest on Physiological Responses and Time Motion Characteristics in Different Small Sided Soccer Games. Journal of Human Kinetics, 60(1), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0095 CR - Arslan, E., Orer, G., & Clemente, F. (2020). Running-based high-intensity interval training vs. small-sided game training programs: effects on the physical performance, psychophysiological responses and technical skills in young soccer players. Biology of Sport, 37(2), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2020.94237 CR - Arslan, E., Soylu, Y., Clemente, F., Hazir, T., Kin Isler, A., & Kilit, B. (2021). Short-term effects of on-field combined core strength and small-sided games training on physical performance in young soccer players. Biology of Sport. https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2021.102865 CR - Bangsbo, J. (1994). The physiology of soccer - With special reference to intense intermittent exercise. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, Supplement. CR - Bujalance-Moreno, P., Latorre-Román, P. Á., & García-Pinillos, F. (2019). A systematic review on small-sided games in football players: Acute and chronic adaptations. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(8), 921–949. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1535821 CR - Çakıroğlu, A. A. (2016). Brunel Ruh Hali Ölçeği’nin Yetişkin Sporcularda Geçerlik - Güvenirlik Çalışması (Türkçe Uyarlaması). Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi. CR - Casamichana, D., Castellano, J., & Dellal, A. (2013). Influence of different training regimes on physical and physiological demands during small-sided soccer games: continuous vs. intermittent format. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(3), 690–697. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31825d99dc CR - Casamichana, D., Castellano, J., González-Morán, A., García-Cueto, H., & García-López, J. (2011). Physiological demand in small-sided games on soccer with different orientation of space. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Del Deporte, 7(23), 141–154. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2011.02306 CR - Clemente, F., Couceiro, M. S., Martins, F. M. L., & Mendes, R. (2012). The usefulness of small-sided games on soccer training. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 12(1), 93–102. https://doi.org/1006394 CR - Davids, K., Araújo, D., Correia, V., & Vilar, L. (2013). How Small-Sided and Conditioned Games Enhance Acquisition of Movement and Decision-Making Skills. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 41(3), 154–161. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e318292f3ec CR - DiDomenico, A., & Nussbaum, M. A. (2011). Effects of different physical workload parameters on mental workload and performance. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 41(3), 255–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ergon.2011.01.008 CR - Frazão, D. T., de Farias Junior, L. F., Dantas, T. C. B., Krinski, K., Elsangedy, H. M., Prestes, J., … Costa, E. C. (2016). Feeling of Pleasure to High-Intensity Interval Exercise Is Dependent of the Number of Work Bouts and Physical Activity Status. PLOS ONE, 11(3), e0152752. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0152752 CR - González-Rodenas, J., Calabuig, F., & Aranda, R. (2015). Effect of the Game Design, the Goal Type and the Number of Players on Intensity of Play in Small-Sided Soccer Games in Youth Elite Players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 49(1), 229–235. https://doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2015-0125 CR - Greig, M., Marchant, D., Lovell, R., Clough, P., & McNaughton, L. (2007). A continuous mental task decreases the physiological response to soccer-specific intermittent exercise. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(12), 908–913. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.030387 CR - Halouani, J., Chtourou, H., Gabbett, T., Chaouachi, A., & Chamari, K. (2014). Small-Sided Games in Team Sports Training. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 28(12), 3594–3618. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000000564 CR - Hammami, A., Gabbett, T. J., Slimani, M., & Bouhlel, E. (2018). Does small-sided games training improve physical fitness and team-sport-specific skills? A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(10), 1446–1455. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07420-5 CR - Hart, S. G., & Staveland, L. E. (1988). Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of Empirical and Theoretical Research. Advances in Psychology, 139–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-4115(08)62386-9 CR - Hazir, T., Kose, M. G., & Kin-Isler, A. (2018). The validity of Running Anaerobic Sprint Test to assess anaerobic power in young soccer players. Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 26(3), 201–209. https://doi.org/10.3233/IES-182117 CR - Helgerud, J., Engen, L. C., Wisloff, U., & Hoff, J. (2001). Aerobic endurance training improves soccer performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(11), 1925–1931. Retrieved from http://proxy.lib.sfu.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=sph&AN=SPHS-796467&site=ehost-live CR - Hoff, J., & Helgerud, J. (2004). Endurance and Strength Training for Soccer Players. Sports Medicine, 34(3), 165–180. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200434030-00003 CR - Hopkins, W. G., Marshall, S. W., Batterham, A. M., & Hanin, J. (2009). Progressive Statistics for Studies in Sports Medicine and Exercise Science. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41(1), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818cb278 CR - Karakoç, B., Akalan, C., Alemdaroğlu, U., & Arslan, E. (2012). The Relationship Between the Yo-Yo Tests, Anaerobic Performance and Aerobic Performance in Young Soccer Players. Journal of Human Kinetics, 35(1), 81–88. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10078-012-0081-x CR - Kenttä, G., Hassmén, P., & Raglin, J. S. (2006). Mood state monitoring of training and recovery in elite kayakers. European Journal of Sport Science, 6(4), 245–253. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461390601012652 CR - Köklü, Y., Alemdaroğlu, U., Dellal, A., & Wong, D. P. (2015). Effect of different recovery durations between bouts in 3-a-side games on youth soccer players’ physiological responses and technical activities. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 55(5), 430–438. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25698352 CR - Köklü, Yusuf, Alemdaroğlu, U., Cihan, H., & Wong, D. P. (2017). Effects of Bout Duration on Players’ Internal and External Loads During Small-Sided Games in Young Soccer Players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12(10), 1370–1377. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0584 CR - Köklü, Yusuf, Ersöz, G., Alemdaroglu, U., Asci, A., & Özkan, A. (2012). Physiological responses and time-motion characteristics of 4-A-side small-sided game in young soccer players: The influence of different team formation methods. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 26(11), 3118–3123. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318244341d CR - Lochbaum, M., Zanatta, T., Kirschling, D., & May, E. (2021). The Profile of Moods States and Athletic Performance: A Meta-Analysis of Published Studies. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, 11(1), 50–70. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe11010005 CR - Los Arcos, A., Vázquez, J. S., Martín, J., Lerga, J., Sánchez, F., Villagra, F., & Zulueta, J. J. (2015). Effects of Small-Sided Games vs. Interval Training in Aerobic Fitness and Physical Enjoyment in Young Elite Soccer Players. PLOS ONE, 10(9), e0137224. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137224 CR - Lowther, J., & Lane, A. M. (2002). Relationships Between Mood, Cohesion And Satisfaction With Performance Among Soccer Players. Athletic Insight: The Online Journal of Sport Psychology, 4(3), 57–69. CR - Mallo, J., & Navarro, E. (2008). Physical load imposed on soccer players during small-sided training games. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 48(2), 166–171. https://doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.19132-0 CR - Manuel Clemente, F., Ramirez-Campillo, R., Nakamura, F. Y., & Sarmento, H. (2021). Effects of high-intensity interval training in men soccer player’s physical fitness: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized-controlled and non-controlled trials. Journal of Sports Sciences, 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2020.1863644 CR - Rampinini, E., Impellizzeri, M. F., Castagna, C., Abt, G., Chamari, K., Sassi, A., & Marcora, S. M. (2007). Factors influencing physiological responses to small-sided soccer games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 25(6), 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640410600811858 CR - Ric, A., Hristovski, R., Gonçalves, B., Torres, L., Sampaio, J., & Torrents, C. (2016). Timescales for exploratory tactical behaviour in football small-sided games. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(18), 1723–1730. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1136068 CR - Sarmento, H., Clemente, F. M., Harper, L. D., Costa, I. T. da, Owen, A., & Figueiredo, A. J. (2018). Small sided games in soccer – a systematic review. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 18(5), 693–749. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2018.1517288 CR - Sassi, R., Reilly, T., & Impellizzeri, F. A. (2004). A comparison of small sided games and interval training in elite professional soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 22, 562. CR - Selmi, O. (2017). Effect of Verbal Coach Encouragement on Rating Perceived Exertion and Mood State during Small Sided Games in Professional Soccer Players. MOJ Sports Medicine, 1(4). https://doi.org/10.15406/mojsm.2017.01.00022 CR - Selmi, O., Haddad, M., Majed, L., Ben Khalifa, W., Hamza, M., & Chamari, K. (2018a). Soccer training: high-intensity interval training is mood disturbing while small sided games ensure mood balance. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(7–8), 1163–1170. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07292-9 CR - Selmi, O., Haddad, M., Majed, L., Ben Khalifa, W., Hamza, M., & Chamari, K. (2018b). Soccer training: high-intensity interval training is mood disturbing while small sided games ensure mood balance. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(7–8), 1163–1170. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07292-9 CR - Smit, A. S., Eling, P. A. T. M., Hopman, M. T., & Coenen, A. M. L. (2005). Mental and physical effort affect vigilance differently. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 57(3), 211–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.02.001 CR - Sparkes, W., Turner, A., Weston, M., Russell, M., Johnston, M., & Kilduff, L. (2018). Neuromuscular, Biochemical, Endocrine, and Mood Responses to Small-Sided Gamesʼ Training in Professional Soccer. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32(9), 2569–2576. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002424 CR - Stølen, T., Chamari, K., Castagna, C., & Wisløff, U. (2005). Physiology of Soccer. Sports Medicine, 35(6), 501–536. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200535060-00004 CR - Terry, P. C., Lane, A. M., & Fogarty, G. J. (2003). Construct validity of the Profile of Mood States - Adolescents for use with adults. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 4(2), 125–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1469-0292(01)00035-8 CR - Terry, Peter C., Lane, A. M., Lane, H. J., & Keohane, L. (1999). Development and validation of a mood measure for adolescents. Journal of Sports Sciences, 17(11), 861–872. https://doi.org/10.1080/026404199365425 CR - Tomporowski, P. D., & Ganio, M. S. (2006). Short‐term effects of aerobic exercise on executive processing, memory, and emotional reactivity. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 4(1), 57–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2006.9671784 UR - https://doi.org/10.38021/asbid.909867 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1685104 ER -