TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of Self Incompatibility (S) Alleles in Turkish Apple Gene Sources using Allele-specific PCR AU - Ergül, Ali AU - Karataş, Merve Dilek AU - Hazrati, Nahid AU - Yüksel Özmen, Canan AU - Hasanzadeh, Mohammad AU - Altıntaş, Serdar AU - Akçay, Mehmet Emin PY - 2023 DA - January Y2 - 2022 DO - 10.15832/ankutbd.930238 JF - Journal of Agricultural Sciences JO - J Agr Sci-Tarim Bili PB - Ankara University WT - DergiPark SN - 1300-7580 SP - 287 EP - 297 VL - 29 IS - 1 LA - en AB - Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetic mechanism in many flowering plants by which generative reproduction is prevented. The self-incompatibility caused by the genetic functions of the cell is controlled by genes called S genes or self-incompatibility genes. Self-incompatibility results in decreased pollination and ultimately yield loss. In apple (Malus domestica L.), self-incompatibility is controlled by multi-allelic S-locus. Approaches in the S-glycoprotein profiles and allele-specific PCR methods using the gene profiles and S-glycoprotein profiles for determination of the incompatibility levels are of great importance. In current study, the self-incompatibility status of 192 apple genotypes (such as, Amasya, Hüryemez, Şah elması, Tokat, Demir elması etc.) obtained from the National Collection of Atatürk Horticultural Central Research Institute, Yalova, Turkey, has been determined. For this purpose, genotype-specific allele status and compatibility levels were screened via PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) using 4 different S-alleles (Sd, Sf, S26 and S9). 181 genotypes containing at least 1 S-allele were identified as ‘Partially Incompatible’ and 12 genotypes involving 4 S-alleles were assigned ‘Totally Incompatible’. No S-alleles were observed in 2 genotypes (Pancarlık and Hüryemez) which exhibited ‘Compatibility’ status. KW - Malus domestica L. KW - Self-incompatibility KW - Anatolian gen resourses KW - S-alleles CR - Abdallah D, Baraket G, Perez V, Mustapha S B, Salhi-Hannachi A & Hormaza J I (2019). Analysis of self-incompatibility and genetic diversity in diploid and hexaploid plum genotypes. Frontiers in Plant Science 10:896. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00896 CR - Brancher T L, Hawerroth M C, Kvitschal M V, Manenti D C & Guidolin A F (2020). Self-incompatibility alleles in important genotypes for apple breeding in Brazil. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology 20 (4):e28652041. https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332020v20n4a54 CR - Broothaerts W & Van Nerum I (2003). Apple self-incompatibility genotypes: an overview. In XXVI International Horticultural Congress: Genetics and Breeding of Tree Fruits and Nuts 379-387, Canada. CR - Broothaerts W, Janssens G A, Proost P & Broekaert W F (1995). Cdna cloning and molecular analysis of two self-incompatibility alleles from apple. Plant Molecular Biology 27 (3): 499-511. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00019317 CR - Broothaerts W, Neram I V & Keulemans J (2004). Update on and Review of the Incompatibility (S-) Genotypes of Apple Cultivars. HortScience: a publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science 39(5):943-947. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.5.943 CR - Broothaerts, W, Verdoodt, L, Keulemans, J, Janssens, G A & Broekaert, W F (1996). The self-incompatibility gene in apple and determination of the S-genotype of apple cultivars by PCR. Acta Horticulturae 423:103-109. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1996.423.13 CR - Burak M, Ergül A, Kazan K, Akçay M E, Yüksel C, Bakir M & Ayanoğlu H (2014). Genetic analysis of Anatolian apples (Malus sp.) by simple sequence repeats. Journal of Systematics and Evolution 52(5):580-588. https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12099 CR - De Franceschi P, Bianco L, Cestaro A, Dondini L & Velasco R (2018). Characterization of 25 full-length S-RNase alleles, including flanking regions, from a pool of resequenced apple cultivars. Plant Molecular Biology 97:279-296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11103-018-0741-x CR - De Franceschi P, Cova V, Tartarini S & Dondini L (2016). Characterization of a new apple S-RNase allele and its linkage with the Rvi5 gene for scab resistance. Molecular Breeding 36:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-015-0427-x CR - De Franceschi P, Dondini L & Sanzol J (2012) Molecular bases and evolutionary dynamics of self-incompatibility in the Pyrinae (Rosaceae). Journal of Experimental Botany 63(11): 4015-4032. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers108 CR - De Nettancourt D (2001). Incompatibility and Incongruity in Wild and Cultivated Plants. Berlin/Heidelberg/New York: Springer-Verlag. 322 pp. 2nd ed. CR - Dreesen R S G, Vanholme B TM, Luyten K, Van Wynsberghe L, Fazio G, Roldán-Ruiz I & Keulemans J (2010). Analysis of Malus S-RNase gene diversity based on a comparative study of old and modern apple cultivars and European wild apple. Molecular Breeding 26: 693-709. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-010-9405-5 CR - Franklin-Tong & Franklin F C H (2003). Gametophytic self incompatibility inhibits pollen tube growth using different mechanisms. Trends Plant Science 8: 598-605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2003.10.008 CR - Halász J, Hegedűs A, György Z, Pállinger É & Tóth M (2011). S-genotyping of old apple cultivars from the Carpathian basin: methodological, breeding and evolutionary aspects. Tree Genetics & Genomes 7:1135-1145. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-011-0401-7 CR - Hegedűs A (2006). Review of the self-incompatibility in apple (Malus×domestica Borkh., syn.:Malus pumila Mill.). International Journal of Horticultural Science 12:31-36. https://doi.org/10.31421/ijhs/12/2/632 CR - Ishimizu T, Shinkawa T, Sakiyama F & Norioka S (1998). Primary structural features of rosaceous S-rnases associated with gametophytic self-incompatibility. Plant Molecular Biology 37 (6): 931-941. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006078500664 CR - Ishimizu, T, Inoue, K, Shimonaka, M, Saito, T, Terai, O & Norioka, S (1999) PCR-based method for identifying the S-genotypes of Japanese pear cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98: 961-967. CR - Janssens G A, Goderis I J, Broekaert W F & Broothaerts W (1995). A molecular method for S-allele identification in apple based on allele-specific PCR. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 91(4):691-698. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00223298 CR - Kasajima I, Kikuchi T & Yoshikawa N (2017). Rapid identification of apple (Malus×domestica Borkh.) S-alleles using sequencing-based DNA marker APPLid. Plant Biotechnology 34: 97-106. doi:10.5511/plantbiotechnology.17.0503a CR - Larsen B, Orgaard M, Toldam-Andersen T B & Pedersen C (2016). A high-throughput method for genotyping S-RNase alleles in apple. Molecular Breeding 36:24. doi:10.1007/s11032-016-0448-0 CR - Lefort F, Lally M, Thompson D & Douglas G C (1998). Morphological traits, microsatellite finger printing and genetic relatedness of a stand of elite oaks (Q. robur L.) at Tullynally, Ireland. Silvae Genetica 47(5): 257-261. CR - Li M, Zhu K, Bai S, Liu Z & Li T (2011). Isolation and S-genotyping application of S-allelic polymorphic MdSLFBs in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.). Molecular Breeding 28:171-180. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-010-9471-8 CR - Ma Q, Chen C, Zeng Z, Zou Z, Li H, Zhou Q, Chen X, Sun K & Li X (2018). Transcriptomic analysis between self- and cross-pollinated pistils of tea plants (Camellia sinensis). BMC Genomics 19:289. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-4674-1 CR - Matsumoto S , Tianzhong L, Otagaki S , Yang L & Songling B (2018). Efficient breeding and cultivation of type2 Red-fleshed apple cultivars using a search system for suitable apple cultivar combination. Horticultural Plant Journal 4(6): 219-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpj.2018.06.002 CR - Matsumoto S & Kitahara K (2000). Discovery of a new self-incompatibility allele in apple. Hortscience 35(7): 1329-1332. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.7.1329 CR - Matsumoto S, Eguchi T,Bessho H & Abe K (2007). Determination and confirmation of S-RNase genotypes of apple pollinators and cultivars. Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology 82:323-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/14620316.2007.11512236 CR - Meng D, Gu Z, Wang A, Yuan H, Li W, Yang Q & Li T (2014). Screening and characterization of apple Rho-like gtpase (mdrops) genes related to S-rnase mediated self-incompatibility. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) 117 (3): 465-476. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-014-0457-9 CR - Mir J I, Ahmed N, Singh D B, Sheemar G, Hamid A, Zaffer S & Shafi V (2016). Molecular identification of S-alleles associated with self-incompatibility in apple (Malus spp.) genotypes. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 86 (1):78-81. CR - Nour V, Trandafir I & Ionica M E (2010). Compositional characteristics of fruits of several apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 38:228-233. https://doi.org/10.15835/nbha.43.2.10081 CR - Sakurai K, Brown SK & Weeden N (2000). Self-incompatibility alleles of apple cultivars and advanced selections. Hortscience 35(1):116-119. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.1.116 CR - Sakurai K, Brown SK & Weeden, NF (1997). Determining the self-incompatibility alleles of Japanese apple cultivars. Hortscience 32(7):1258-1259. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.32.7.1258 CR - Sassa H (2016). Molecular mechanism of the S-RNase-based gametophytic self-incompatibility in fruit trees of Rosaceae. Breeding Science 66:116-121. https://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs.66.116 CR - Sassa H, Mase N, Hirano H & Ikehashi H (1994). Identification of self-incompatibility-related glycoproteins in styles of apple (Malus x domestica). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 89(2): 201-205. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00225142 CR - Shaheen F A, Khan K A, Husain M, Mahmood R & Rafique M K (2017). Role Of Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) Foraging activities in increased fruit setting and production Of Apples (Malus domestica). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research 30 (1). CR - Shulaev V, Korban SS, Sosinski B, Abbott A G & Aldwinckle H S (2008). Multiple models for Rosaceae genomics. Plant Physiology 47(3):985-1003. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.107.115618 CR - Silva N F & Goring D R (2001). Mechanisms of self-incompatibility in flowering plants. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences 58(14):1988-2007. https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00000832 CR - Van Nerum I, Geerts M, Van Haute A, Keulemans J & Broothaerts W (2001). Re-examination of the self-incompatibility genotype of apple cultivars containing putative ‘new’ S-alleles. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 103(4):584-591. https://doi.org/10.1007/pl00002913 CR - Verdoodt L, Van Haute A, Goderis I J, De Witte K, Keulemans J & Broothaerts W (1998). Use of the multi-allelic self-incompatibility gene in apple to assess homozygocity in shoots obtained through haploid induction. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 96 (2): 294-300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220050739 CR - Whitehouse H L K (1951). Multiple-allelomorph incompatibility of pollen and style in the evolution of the angiosperms. Annals Botany New Series 14:198-216. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a083243 UR - https://doi.org/10.15832/ankutbd.930238 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1741828 ER -