Coronavirus: A Biochemical Approach

Bu calismanin amaci; Covid-19 etkeni virusun biyolojik yapisi, metabolizmasi ve savunma sistemiyle etkilesimi hakkinda bilgi vermek; Covid-19 vakalarinda biyokimyasal kan degerleri ile savunma sistemi iliskilerini ve virusun yaratabilecegi tahribatlari engellemek konusundaki verileri bilimsel gelismeler dogrultusunda guncelleyerek ortaya koymaktir. Pubmed, Web of Science ve Google Scholar veri tabanlarinda ve Google Arama Motorunda “SARS-CoV-2” ve “Coronavirus” anahtar kelimeleri aranarak bulunan ilgili makaleler calisma kapsamina alinmistir. Cin'in Wuhan kentinde ortaya cikmis ve Covid-19 adi verilen hastaliga yol acan SARS-CoV-2 olarak adlandirilan bu virus, dunyanin neredeyse butun ulkelerine yayilmis ve cok kisa bir surede yuksek sayida olumlere neden olmustur. Enfekte olan hucre, virus RNA’sini kullanarak, bagisiklik sistemini uzak tutacak ve virusun yeni kopyalarini olusturmaya yardimci olacak proteinler uretmeye baslar. Surec dinamiktir ve yeni kesifler ve degisiklikler her an olabilir. Bu nedenle tum dunyada hastaligin izlenmesi ve bilginin paylasilmasi, epidemiyolojik temas oykusu, klinik ozellikler, tum kan ve idrarda biyokimyasal testler ve diger durumlar hastanin tedavisi icin onemli degerlendirmelerdir. Kuresel durumun izlenmesi ve epidemiyolojideki degisimlere gore yerinde ve dogru kararlar alinmasi ve calisanlarinin bilgilerini guncellemeleri zorunludur.

Committee, which was similar to SARS-CoV and spread all over the world in a short period of three months [1]. The global mortality rates have been reported daily by the Ministry of Health in Turkey and countries around the world since the first day of the pandemic [10][11][12]. Studies on the subject conducted by the

Results
This virus, which appeared in Wuhan, China,

ISSN: 2536-4383
69 cause death as well as severe respiratory defects [2,19].    [26,27]. In addition, they have been supported by experimental animal infections studies that they are effective on the central nervous system [28].
While the studies have stated that the new virus is 88% similar to SARS-CoV and 50% similar to MERS-CoV [29] another study suggests that it shows sequence similarity with SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV 79% and with MERS-CoV [30].

Interaction with the Immune System
The Two cases were hospital employees and additional disease was present in 4 cases. The most common symptom was shortness of breath (80%), followed by cough (70%), nausea, vomiting, and sputum production (30%).
Leukocytosis and erythrocyte sedimentation rate elevation were present in 3 cases.
Pneumonic infiltration on chest x-ray was observed in 8 cases [37]. The most common hematological finding in these patients is lymphopenia, followed by leukocytosis and leukopenia [14,38].  Covid-19 than in healthy controls (P <0.05).

The differences in SG and pH values between
patients with Covid-19 and healthy controls were statistically significant (P<0.05) [38].
Tükek and Alibeyoğlu reported that laboratory tests revealed a normal or decreased peripheral white blood cell count and increased lymphocyte count in these patients, together with increased liver enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), muscle enzymes and myoglobin, as the disease can involve the muscles in some critical patients. Calcium and protein have been found to be increased. While high CRP and ESR levels were found in the majority of the patients, the procalcitonin level was normal. D-dimer is reported to increase and the peripheral blood lymphocytes to decrease in severe cases [12][13][14]. Leukopenia is seen in the patients and the decrease in lymphocyte count is noteworthy. Lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, and transaminases may be increased. In addition, most patients develop thrombocytopenia in time [39][40]. Increased ALT, AST, BUN, and creatinine have also been reported in addition to DIC and hemolysis [40].
Vitamin D, E, and C deficiency is also seen at high rates in severe cases. Vitamin D, known as a steroid hormone, is classified as vegetable-

Treatment Methods
The best available treatment strategy for patients with Covid-19 is fully supportive.

Conclusion
The new type of coronavirus has caused major concerns worldwide due to its global spread.
According to current analyses, patients with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in addition to smokers are the groups that most commonly require hospitalization. Pregnancy and old age are the other risks that must be monitored [44,45].

Funding/Financial Disclosure The authors
have no received any financial support for the research, authorship, or publication of this study.

Conflict of Interests
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.