Leucocoprinus brebissonii ( Godey ) Locq , A New Record for Turkish Mycobiota

The genus Leucocoprinus Pat. is situated in the order Agaricales within the phylum Basidiomycota. Though the genus comprises about 40 species worlwide, it is among the genera which are represented with the least taxa in Turkey. About 2400 macrofungi taxa have been determined as a result of the studies carried out in Turkey till now. This number is very low compared to European continent. That’s why it is important to determine the macrofungal diversity of Turkey by continuing such studies. In Turkey, Leucocoprinus brebissonii (Godey) Locq was determined for the first time from Sürmene (Trabzon). Macroscopic and microscopic properties of the taxon was provided and discussed briefly.


Introduction
Turkey has a diverse plant cover due to its geographical position.Depending on this diversity, it is thought that the country might also have a similar macrofungal diversity.It is also the estimate of Mueller et al. (2007) regarding the plant/macrofungus ratios of temperate regions.Due to its climate and plant cover, Black Sea region is among the richest region of Turkey in terms of macrofungal diversity.
Though there is an important increase in the number of studies carried on the macrofungal diversity, the mycobiota of Turkey has not been completed yet.With such studies, the determined macrofungi species number of our country is being increased.
The aim of this study is to make a contribution to the mycobiota of Turkey.

Materials and Method
Macrofungi samples were collected from Sürmene district of Trabzon Province in 2014 during a routine field study.Colour photographs of the samples were taken and some ecologic and morphologic properties of the samples were recorded.After that the macrofungi samples were brought to the fungarium and prepared as fungarium materials according to mycological rules.Dried samples were used to obtain the microscopic data.Microscopic investigations were carried out under a light microscope by mounting in 5% KOH.Basidispore dimensions were determined by at least 10 measurement from each sample.

Results
The systematic of the taxon is given in accordance with Kirk et al. (2008), and the Index Fungorum (www.indexfungorum.org;accessed 25 October 2017).

Macroscopic and microscopic features:
Pileus 2-4 cm in diameter, ovoid to conic-campanulate when young, convex to plane when mature, slighthly umbonate, surface white, covered by greenish brown to blackish-brown squamulous fibrils at the center, paler to white toward the margin, plicate sulcate to striate at the margin or half-way toward the disk in some members.Flesh thin up to 1 mm and white.Lamellae free, white.Stipe 30-60 x 2-3 mm, cylindric, slighthly bulbous at the base, solid when young, becoming hollow at maturity, surface white, pruinose, annulus membranous, persistent, white, attached half-way zone of the stipe.

Discussions
Leucocoprinus brebissonii is characterized by having white pileus, covered with dark-brown fibrils at the disk, plicate-striate margin, white spore-print, thick walled and metachromatic basidiospores with a distinct germ pore (Candusso and Lanzoni 1990;Breitenbach and Kränzlin, 1995;Rother and Silveira, 2009;Pushpa and Purushothama, 2011).Our sample fits with all the characters listed above.This taxon is differentiated from the other similar species with above listed characteristics (Candusso and Lanzoni, 1990).The metachromatic spores, absence of clamps, and the striate pileus also distinguishes it from some other similar species such as Lepiota cristata and L. felina.
Like other Leucocoprinus species, L. brebissonii have also been recorded from greenhouses, but this one can also fruits in nature freely, especially in warm locations.
Leucocoprinus brebissonii have morphological similarities with L. venezuelanus Dennis.But the latter species differs with smaller basidiospores.
In conclusion Leucocoprinus brebissonii was added as new record to the mycobiota of Turkey, increasing the number of current members of the genus Leucocoprinus from 5 to 6.