A New German Foreign Policy in the Changing World Order

Year 2020, Volume: 19 Issue: 2, 467 - 500, 12.03.2021

Başar Şirin

https://doi.org/10.32450/aacd.886156

Abstract

After the end of WWII, Germany established an export-oriented economy under the US security umbrella. Simultaneously, it played a leading role in the formation of
European economic and political unity. However, in the post-Cold War period, the pressure of its allies to take more responsibility and the inadequacy of the traditional
approaches to solving the unexpected problems clarified that Germany could no longer maintain this traditional foreign policy approach and it needed a new foreign
policy strategy. In this context, this study first examines Germany’s foreign policy in the Cold War period and afterward in terms of different theoretical approaches, and
then discusses the current external problems of Germany. Finally, it evaluates the obstacles and opportunities in front of the new German foreign policy strategy.

Keywords

Germany, Foreign Policy, Transatlantic Relations, European Union, NATO

DEĞİŞEN DÜNYA DÜZENİNDE YENİ ALMAN DIŞ POLİTİKASI

Abstract

Almanya, İkinci Dünya Savaşı’nın sona ermesinin ardından ABD’nin sağladığı güvenlik şemsiyesi altında ihracat temelli bir ekonomi kurmuştur. Eş zamanlı olarak
Avrupa entegrasyonu sürecine odaklanmış böylece Avrupa ekonomik ve siyasi birliğinin oluşmasında öncü rol oynamıştır. Ancak Soğuk Savaş’ın sona ermesi
ardından ortaya çıkan yeni dünya düzeni, Almanya’nın bu geleneksel dış politika yaklaşımını daha fazla sürdüremeyeceğini açıkça göstermiştir. Bir taraftan
müttefiklerinin Almanya’ya daha çok sorumluluk alma yönünde baskıları, diğer taraftan geleneksel yaklaşımların yeni sorunları çözmede yetersiz kalması, Almanya
için yeni bir dış politika stratejisinin oluşturulmasını zorunlu kılmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışma ilk olarak Almanya’nın Soğuk Savaş dönemi ve sonrasında izlediği dış
politikayı farklı teorik yaklaşımlar açısından incelemekte, ardından Almanya’nın güncel dış politika sorunlarını ele almaktadır. Son olarak oluşturulan yeni dış politika
stratejisi önündeki engeller ve fırsatlar değerlendirilmektedir.

Keywords

Almanya, Dış Politika, Transatlantik İlişkiler, Avrupa Birliği, NATO

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