Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and anesthesia

Year 2015, , 191 - 198, 01.05.2015

Çağla Bali Şule Akın

https://doi.org/10.5505/abantmedj.2015.66934

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is a sleep related breathing disorder. Its prevalence is % 2-25 in general population. Snoring, apnea periods, fragmented sleep and daytime sleepiness are the most common symptoms. It is demonstrated that obstructive sleep apnea syndrome increases the mortality by causing metabolic problems, hypertension, congestive heart failure and cerebrovascular events. Collapse in the upper airway that is contributed by anesthetic drugs make these patients more sensitive to anesthesia. Today, anesthesiologists may encounter many undiagnosed patients for elective surgeries. Recognition of these patients by the anesthesiologists and taking appropriate measures will decrease perioperative complication rates and mortality substantially. In this review, we aimed to emphasize the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea patients and topics to be considered in anesthesia management.

Keywords

Obstructive sleep apnea, anesthesia, perioperative complication

Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu ve anestezi

Abstract

Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu, uyku ile ilişkili bir solunum hastalığıdır. Prevalansı genel populasyonda %2-25 arasındadır. Horlama, apne periyotları, fragmante uyku ve gündüz uykulu olma hali en sık semptomlarıdır. Obstrüktif uyku apne sendromunun; metabolik problemler, hipertansiyon, konjestif kalp yetmezliği ve serebrovasküler olaylara neden olarak mortaliteyi arttırdığı gösterilmiştir. Anestezik ilaçların üst havayolunda neden olduğu kollaps bu hastaları anesteziye duyarlı hale getirmektedir. Günümüzde anestezistler elektif cerrahi geçirmek üzere tanısı konmamış bir çok hastayla karşılaşabilmektedir. Bu hastaların anestezistler tarafından tanınarak gerekli önlemlerin alınması, perioperatif komplikasyon oranını ve mortaliteyi önemli oranda azaltacaktır. Bu derlemede, obstrüktif uyku apne sendromu olan hastaların tanınması ve anestezi yönetiminde dikkat edilmesi gereken noktaları vurgulamayı amaçladık.

Keywords

Obstrüktif uyku apnesi, anestezi, perioperatif komplikasyon

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