Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

KIRGIZİSTAN’A YÖNELİK TURİZM AKIMINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER:PANEL ÇEKİM MODELİ BULGULARI

Year 2017, Issue: 63, 241 - 258, 31.10.2017

Abstract




Gelişmekte olan diğer birçok ülke ekonomisi gibi, üyesi olduğu Sovyetler Birliği’nin dağılmasının ardından merkezi planlamacı ekonomik yapıdan piyasa ekonomisine geçiş yapmak zorunda kalan Kırgızistan ekonomisi için de turizm büyük bir önem taşımaktadır. Karşılaştırmalı üstünlükler çerçevesinde, bölgesindeki ülkelere göre daha avantajlı durumda olan Kırgızistan’ın sahip olduğu turizm potansiyelinin ortaya çıkarılması daha gerçekçi ve etkin politikaların belirlenmesi açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Barındırdığı potansiyele ve ülke ekonomisi açısından taşıdığı öneme rağmen, bugüne kadar Kırgızistan’da turizm sektörünü ele alan ekonometrik bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Bu çalışma bu yönde bir adım atmayı amaçlamaktadır.


Bu çerçevede, Kırgızistan’a gelen turist sayısını etkileyen talep yanlı faktörler panel çekim modeli yaklaşımıyla araştırılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, turist gönderen ülkelerin ekonomik büyüklükleri ve uzaklık gibi faktörlerin Kırgızistan’a yönelik turist akımı üzerinde etkili olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.


References

  • Akçalı, P. (2014), “Tourism in Kyrgyzstan”, Tourism in Central Asia: Cultural Potential and Challenges içinde, s. 259-286, Ed.: Kantarcı, K., Uysal, M. ve Magnini, V. P., Apple Academic Press, Canada. Anderson, J. E. ve van Wincoop, E. (2003), “Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle”, American Economic Review, 93, s. 170-192. Andres, H. J., Golsch, K. ve Schmidt, A. W. (2013), Applied Panel Data Analysis for Economic and Social Surveys, Springer Publishing. Batra, A. (2006), “India’s Global Trade Potential: The Gravity Model Approach”, Global Economic Review: Perspectives on East Asian Economies and Industries, 35 (3), s. 327-361. Bekboeva, М. А. ve Atyshov, K. (2015), “Kırgız Cumhuriyeti Turizm Geliştirme Yönetimi”, Bilimde Yenilikler, 9 (46), s. 55-56. (Rusça) Bergstrand, J. H. ve Egger, P. (2007), “A Knowledge and Physical Capital Model of International Trade, Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Affiliates Sales: Developed Countries”, Journal of International Economics, 73 (2), s. 278-308. Cuaresma, J. C., Moser, M. ve Raggl, A. (2013), “On the Determinants of Global Bilateral Migration Flows”, WWWforEurope Project, Working Paper No. 5. Eichengreen, B. ve Tong, H. (2007), “Is China’s FDI Coming at the Expense of Other Countries?”, Journal of Japanese and International Economies, 21, s. 153-172. Head, K. ve Ries, J. (2008), “FDI as an Outcome of the Market for Corporate Control: Theory and Evidence”, Journal of International Economics, 74, s. 2-20. Gil-Pareja, S., Llorca, R. ve Martinez, J. A. (2006), “The Impact of Embassies and Consulates on Tourism”, Tourism Management, 28, s. 355-360. Gülcan, B., Şenol, F. ve Aytbaeva, A. (2014), “Kırgızistan’da Din ve Kültür Turizminin Geliştirilmesi Açısından Süleyman Dağı’nın Önemi: SWOT Analizi”, Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3 (4), s. 63-80. Kantarcı, K. (2007), “Perceptions of Foreign Investors on the Tourism Market in Central Asia Including Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan”, Tourism Management, 28 (3), s. 820-829. Karamera, D., Tsaur, J. R. ve Davis, B. (2000), “A Gravity Model Analysis of International Migration to North America”, Applied Economics, 32, s. 1745-1755. Keum, K. (2010), “Tourism Flows and Trade Theory: A Panel Data Analysis with the Gravity Model”, The Annals of Regional Sicience, 44, s. 541-557. Khadaroo, J. ve Seetanah, B. (2008), “The Role Transport Infrastructure in International Tourism Development: A Gravity Model Approach”, Tourism Management, 29, s. 831-840. Kimura, F. Lee, H. H. (2006), “The Gravity Equation in International Trade in Services”, Review of World Economics, 142, s. 92-121. Kulnazarova, A. (2010), Orta Asya Geçiş Ekonomilerinde Turizm Sektörünün Mevcut Durumu ve Gelişme Olanakları: Kırgızistan Örneği, Doktora Tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Balıkesir. Malamud, B. (1973), “Gravity Model Calibration of Tourist Travel to Las Vegas”, Journal of Leisure Research, 5 (4), s. 23-33. McGallum, J. (1995), “National Borders Matter: Canada-U.S. Regional Trade Patterns”, American Economic Review, 853, s. 615-623. Minbaeva, A. ve Timur, A. (2010), Kırgızistan Turizm Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi ve Uygulanabilecek Turistik Ürün Çeşitleri, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir. Morley, C. (1992), “A Microeconomic Theory of International Tourism Demand”, Annals of Tourism Research, 19, s. 250-267. Morley, C. (1995), “Tourism Demand: Characteristics, Segmentation and Aggregation”, Tourism Economics, 1, s. 315-328. Morley, C., Rosello, J. ve Santana-Gallego, M. (2014), “Gravity Models for Tourism Demand: Theory and Use”, Annals of Tourism Research, 48, s. 1-10. Mundlak, Y. (1978), “On the Pooling of Time Series and Cross Section Data”, Econometrica, 46 (1), s. 69-85. Pöyhönen, P. (1963), “A Tentative Model for the Volume of Trade between Countries”, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 90 (1), s. 93-100. Ramos, R. ve Surinac, J. (2013), “A Gravity Model of Migration Between ENC and EU”, Research Institute of Applied Economics, Working Paper No. 2013/17. Rose, A. K. (2000), “One Money, One Market: Estimating the Effect of Common Currencies on Trade”, Economic Policy, 20, s. 9-45. Sancar, M. F., Kıngır, S. ve Soyalın, M. (2015), “Orta Asya Türk Devletleri ile Türkiye Arasındaki Turizm Potansiyeli ve Ekonomi Açısından İncelenmesi”, Avrasya Ekonomileri Konferansı, 9-11 Eylül 2015, Kazan, Rusya. Saray, M. (2004), Modern Kırgızistan’ın Doğuşu, TİKA Yayınları, Ankara. Sin, I. (2012), “The Gravity of Ideas: How Distance Affects Translations”, draft paper, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, Wellington, New Zealand. Tinbergen, J. (1962), Shaping the World Economy: Suggestions for an International Economic Policy, The Twentieth Century Fund, New York. Turdumambetov (2014), “Tourism Development in the Post-Soviet and Post-Revolutionary Country: A Case Study of Kyrgyzstan”, International Journal of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, 2 (6), s. 73-87. UNWTO – United Nations World Tourism Organization (2005), Tourism Pearls of the Silk Road, Madrid. http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/tourism_pearls.pdf UNWTO – United Nations World Tourism Organization (2015), Tourism Highlights - 2015 Edition, http://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284416899 Vanderkamp, J. (1977), “The Gravity Model and Migration Behaviour: An Economic Interpretation”, Journal of Economic Studies, 4 (2), s. 89-102. Vietze, C. (2012), “Cultural Effects on Inbound Tourism in the USA: A Gravity Approach”, Tourism Economics, 18, s. 121-138. WEF – World Economic Forum (2015), World Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015, Geneva, Switzerland. WTTC – World Travel & Tourism Council (2015), Economic Impact 2015 - Kyrgyzstan, London. Yeşiltaş, M. (2009), “Obstacles to the Tourism Development in Kyrgyzstan”, Manas Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22, s. 239-248.
Year 2017, Issue: 63, 241 - 258, 31.10.2017

Abstract

References

  • Akçalı, P. (2014), “Tourism in Kyrgyzstan”, Tourism in Central Asia: Cultural Potential and Challenges içinde, s. 259-286, Ed.: Kantarcı, K., Uysal, M. ve Magnini, V. P., Apple Academic Press, Canada. Anderson, J. E. ve van Wincoop, E. (2003), “Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle”, American Economic Review, 93, s. 170-192. Andres, H. J., Golsch, K. ve Schmidt, A. W. (2013), Applied Panel Data Analysis for Economic and Social Surveys, Springer Publishing. Batra, A. (2006), “India’s Global Trade Potential: The Gravity Model Approach”, Global Economic Review: Perspectives on East Asian Economies and Industries, 35 (3), s. 327-361. Bekboeva, М. А. ve Atyshov, K. (2015), “Kırgız Cumhuriyeti Turizm Geliştirme Yönetimi”, Bilimde Yenilikler, 9 (46), s. 55-56. (Rusça) Bergstrand, J. H. ve Egger, P. (2007), “A Knowledge and Physical Capital Model of International Trade, Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Affiliates Sales: Developed Countries”, Journal of International Economics, 73 (2), s. 278-308. Cuaresma, J. C., Moser, M. ve Raggl, A. (2013), “On the Determinants of Global Bilateral Migration Flows”, WWWforEurope Project, Working Paper No. 5. Eichengreen, B. ve Tong, H. (2007), “Is China’s FDI Coming at the Expense of Other Countries?”, Journal of Japanese and International Economies, 21, s. 153-172. Head, K. ve Ries, J. (2008), “FDI as an Outcome of the Market for Corporate Control: Theory and Evidence”, Journal of International Economics, 74, s. 2-20. Gil-Pareja, S., Llorca, R. ve Martinez, J. A. (2006), “The Impact of Embassies and Consulates on Tourism”, Tourism Management, 28, s. 355-360. Gülcan, B., Şenol, F. ve Aytbaeva, A. (2014), “Kırgızistan’da Din ve Kültür Turizminin Geliştirilmesi Açısından Süleyman Dağı’nın Önemi: SWOT Analizi”, Manas Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3 (4), s. 63-80. Kantarcı, K. (2007), “Perceptions of Foreign Investors on the Tourism Market in Central Asia Including Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan”, Tourism Management, 28 (3), s. 820-829. Karamera, D., Tsaur, J. R. ve Davis, B. (2000), “A Gravity Model Analysis of International Migration to North America”, Applied Economics, 32, s. 1745-1755. Keum, K. (2010), “Tourism Flows and Trade Theory: A Panel Data Analysis with the Gravity Model”, The Annals of Regional Sicience, 44, s. 541-557. Khadaroo, J. ve Seetanah, B. (2008), “The Role Transport Infrastructure in International Tourism Development: A Gravity Model Approach”, Tourism Management, 29, s. 831-840. Kimura, F. Lee, H. H. (2006), “The Gravity Equation in International Trade in Services”, Review of World Economics, 142, s. 92-121. Kulnazarova, A. (2010), Orta Asya Geçiş Ekonomilerinde Turizm Sektörünün Mevcut Durumu ve Gelişme Olanakları: Kırgızistan Örneği, Doktora Tezi, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Balıkesir. Malamud, B. (1973), “Gravity Model Calibration of Tourist Travel to Las Vegas”, Journal of Leisure Research, 5 (4), s. 23-33. McGallum, J. (1995), “National Borders Matter: Canada-U.S. Regional Trade Patterns”, American Economic Review, 853, s. 615-623. Minbaeva, A. ve Timur, A. (2010), Kırgızistan Turizm Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi ve Uygulanabilecek Turistik Ürün Çeşitleri, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir. Morley, C. (1992), “A Microeconomic Theory of International Tourism Demand”, Annals of Tourism Research, 19, s. 250-267. Morley, C. (1995), “Tourism Demand: Characteristics, Segmentation and Aggregation”, Tourism Economics, 1, s. 315-328. Morley, C., Rosello, J. ve Santana-Gallego, M. (2014), “Gravity Models for Tourism Demand: Theory and Use”, Annals of Tourism Research, 48, s. 1-10. Mundlak, Y. (1978), “On the Pooling of Time Series and Cross Section Data”, Econometrica, 46 (1), s. 69-85. Pöyhönen, P. (1963), “A Tentative Model for the Volume of Trade between Countries”, Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 90 (1), s. 93-100. Ramos, R. ve Surinac, J. (2013), “A Gravity Model of Migration Between ENC and EU”, Research Institute of Applied Economics, Working Paper No. 2013/17. Rose, A. K. (2000), “One Money, One Market: Estimating the Effect of Common Currencies on Trade”, Economic Policy, 20, s. 9-45. Sancar, M. F., Kıngır, S. ve Soyalın, M. (2015), “Orta Asya Türk Devletleri ile Türkiye Arasındaki Turizm Potansiyeli ve Ekonomi Açısından İncelenmesi”, Avrasya Ekonomileri Konferansı, 9-11 Eylül 2015, Kazan, Rusya. Saray, M. (2004), Modern Kırgızistan’ın Doğuşu, TİKA Yayınları, Ankara. Sin, I. (2012), “The Gravity of Ideas: How Distance Affects Translations”, draft paper, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research, Wellington, New Zealand. Tinbergen, J. (1962), Shaping the World Economy: Suggestions for an International Economic Policy, The Twentieth Century Fund, New York. Turdumambetov (2014), “Tourism Development in the Post-Soviet and Post-Revolutionary Country: A Case Study of Kyrgyzstan”, International Journal of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, 2 (6), s. 73-87. UNWTO – United Nations World Tourism Organization (2005), Tourism Pearls of the Silk Road, Madrid. http://cf.cdn.unwto.org/sites/all/files/pdf/tourism_pearls.pdf UNWTO – United Nations World Tourism Organization (2015), Tourism Highlights - 2015 Edition, http://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284416899 Vanderkamp, J. (1977), “The Gravity Model and Migration Behaviour: An Economic Interpretation”, Journal of Economic Studies, 4 (2), s. 89-102. Vietze, C. (2012), “Cultural Effects on Inbound Tourism in the USA: A Gravity Approach”, Tourism Economics, 18, s. 121-138. WEF – World Economic Forum (2015), World Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2015, Geneva, Switzerland. WTTC – World Travel & Tourism Council (2015), Economic Impact 2015 - Kyrgyzstan, London. Yeşiltaş, M. (2009), “Obstacles to the Tourism Development in Kyrgyzstan”, Manas Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 22, s. 239-248.
There are 1 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Kadir Karagöz

Publication Date October 31, 2017
Submission Date March 8, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2017 Issue: 63

Cite

APA Karagöz, K. (2017). KIRGIZİSTAN’A YÖNELİK TURİZM AKIMINI ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLER:PANEL ÇEKİM MODELİ BULGULARI. Akademik Bakış Uluslararası Hakemli Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi(63), 241-258.