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Clinical significance of celiac truncus variations in gastric cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study in the Turkish population

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 6, 906 - 912, 26.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1789685

Abstract

Aims: Gastric cancer is the fifth most common malignancy worldwide. Celiac truncus variations are one of the most important factors complicating the surgical process of total gastrectomy and D2 lymph node dissection in the surgical treatment of gastric cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of celiac truncus variations in patients undergoing gastrectomy for gastric cancer and their impact on clinical outcomes.
Methods: Preoperative computed tomography images of 114 patients who underwent total gastrectomy between January 2023 and June 2025 were retrospectively evaluated. Arterial variations were categorized according to the Michels classification. Postoperative liver enzyme levels, lymph node dissection efficacy, and clinical outcomes were analyzed in patients with arterial anatomic variations.
Results: Celiac truncus variations were detected in 19.3% of patients (n=22). The most common variation was ALHA (aberran left hepatic artery), at a rate of 9.6%. No statistically significant difference was found between postoperative 24-hour ALT and AST levels in patients with hepatic artery variations and those with normal anatomy. The increase in AST and ALT parameters at the 24th hour postoperatively in 22 patients with hepatic artery variations was not significant compared to the preoperative results (AST=22-26.5, p=0.476 and ALT=18-18.5, p=0.602). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of lymph node dissection efficacy (22.8±7.7 vs 23.3±11.6, p=0.985) and oncological outcomes.
Conclusion: Celiac artery variations, especially those in the presence of ALHA, can be safely managed with appropriate perioperative assessment and experienced surgical technique. While these variations do not negatively affect oncological surgical outcomes, transient postoperative liver enzyme elevations may occur.

Ethical Statement

This study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Ankara Gülhane Research and Training Hospital (Decision Nb: 13 / Date: 02.07.2025).

Supporting Institution

We have no supporting institution

Thanks

We are grateful to all patients and doctors contributed to this paper.

References

  • Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229-263. doi:10. 3322/caac.21834
  • Bakır G. Kadınların meme kanseri korkusu, kadercilik algısı ve seçilmiş faktörlerin erken tanı davranışlarına etkisi: İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi; 2022.
  • Marano L, Carbone L, Poto GE, et al. Extended lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer in the neoadjuvant era: current status, clinical implications and contentious issues. Curr Oncol. 2023;30(1):875-896. doi:10.3390/curroncol30010067
  • Lordick F, Carneiro F, Cascinu S, et al. Gastric cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022;33(10):1005-1020. doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.004
  • Song S-Y, Chung JW, Yin YH, et al. Celiac axis and common hepatic artery variations in 5002 patients: systematic analysis with spiral CT and DSA. Radiology. 2010;255(1):278-288. doi:10.1148/radiol.09090389
  • Cirocchi R, D'Andrea V, Amato B, et al. Aberrant left hepatic arteries arising from left gastric arteries and their clinical importance. Surgeon. 2020;18(2):100-112. doi:10.1016/j.surge.2019.06.002
  • Michels NA. Blood supply and anatomy of the upper abdominal organs, with a descriptive atlas. (No Title). 1955.
  • Messager M, De Steur W, Van Sandick J, et al. Variations among 5 European countries for curative treatment of resectable oesophageal and gastric cancer: a survey from the EURECCA Upper GI Group (EUropean REgistration of Cancer CAre). Eur J Surg Oncol (EJSO). 2016; 42(1):116-122. doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2015.09.017
  • Pasquer A, Renaud F, Hec F, et al. Is centralization needed for esophageal and gastric cancer patients with low operative risk?: a nationwide study. Ann Surg. 2016;264(5):823-830. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000001768
  • Haller A. Lcones anatomicae in quibus aliquae partes corporis humani delineatae preponuntur et arteriarum potissimum historia continetur. 1756; Gottingen: Vandenhoeck. Vandenhoeck, Gottingen: (in German).
  • Hiatt JR, Gabbay J, Busuttil RW. Surgical anatomy of the hepatic arteries in 1000 cases. Ann Surg. 1994;220(1):50. doi:10.1097/00000658-199407000-00008
  • Valji K. Hepatic, splenic, and portal vascular systems. The Practice of Interventional Radiology, with online cases and video: Expert Consult Premium Edition-Enhanced Online Features and Print. 2011:356.
  • Sakamoto S, Kiura Y, Okazaki T, et al. Carotid artery stenting for vulnerable plaques on MR angiography and ultrasonography: utility of dual protection and blood aspiration method. J Neurointerv Surg. 2016; 8(10):1011-1015. doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-012052
  • Tao W, Peng D, Cheng Y-X, Zhang W. Clinical significance of aberrant left hepatic artery during gastrectomy: a systematic review. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(10):3121-3130. doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i10.3121
  • Cui Z, Ding C, Li C, et al. Preoperative evaluation of the segmental artery by three-dimensional image reconstruction vs. thin-section multi-detector computed tomography. J Thorac Dis. 2020;12(8):4196-4204. doi:10.21037/jtd-20-1014
  • Ang RRG, Lee H-J, Bae JS, et al. Safety of ligation of aberrant left hepatic artery originating from left gastric artery in laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):5856. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-62587-7
  • Kleive D, Sahakyan MA, Khan A, Fosby B, Line P-D, Labori KJ. Incidence and management of arterial injuries during pancreatectomy. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2018;403(3):341-348. doi:10.1007/s00423-018-1666-1

Çölyak trunkus varyasyonlarının mide kanseri cerrahisindeki klinik önemi: Türk popülasyonunda retrospektif kohort çalışması

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 6, 906 - 912, 26.10.2025
https://doi.org/10.38053/acmj.1789685

Abstract

Amaç: Dünya genelinde en sık görülen beşinci malignite olan mide kanserinin cerrahi tedavisinde total gastrektomi ve D2 lenf nodu diseksiyonunun cerrahi sürecinin zorlaştıran en önemli faktörlerden biri çölyak trunkus varyasyonlarıdır. Bu çalışmada, mide kanseri nedeniyle gastrektomi yapılan hastalarda çölyak trunkus varyasyonlarının sıklığı ve klinik sonuçlara etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Ocak 2023 - Haziran 2025 yılları arasında total gastrektomi uygulanan 114 hastanın preoperatif bilgisayarlı tomografi görüntüleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Michels sınıflandırmasına göre arteriyel varyasyonlar kategorize edildi. Arteriel anatomik varyasyona sahip olgularda postoperatif karaciğer enzim düzeyleri, lenf nodu diseksiyon etkinliği ve klinik sonuçlar analiz edildi.
Bulgular: Hastaların %19,3'ünde (n=22) çölyak trunkus varyasyonu saptandı. En sık varyasyon %9,6 oranıyla ALHA idi. Hepatik arter varyasyonu bulunan hastalar ile normal anatomili hastaların postoperatif 24.saat ALT ve AST düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel anlamlı fark bulunmadı. Hepatik arter varyasyonu olan 22 hastanın postoperatif 24.saat AST ve ALT parametrelerindeki artış preoperatif dönem sonuçlarına göre anlamlı değildir (AST= 22 ve 26,5 p=0,476, ALT= 18 ve 18,5 p=0,602). Lenf nodu diseksiyonu etkinliği (22,8 ± 7,7 vs 23,3 ± 11,6, p=0,985) ve onkolojik sonuçlar açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı.
Sonuç: Çölyak arter varyasyonları, özellikle ALHA varlığı, uygun peroperatif değerlendirme ve deneyimli cerrahi teknikle güvenle yönetilebilmektedir. Bu varyasyonlar onkolojik cerrahi sonuçları olumsuz etkilemezken, postoperatif geçici karaciğer enzim yükselmeleri görülebilmektedir.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma S.B.Ü. Gülhane Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Bilimsel Araştırma Değerlendirme Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır (Karar No: 13 / Tarih: 02.07.2025).

Supporting Institution

Çalışmamızı destekleyen bir kurum yoktur

Thanks

Bu makaleye katkıda bulunan tüm hasta ve hekimlere içten teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

References

  • Bray F, Laversanne M, Sung H, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin. 2024;74(3):229-263. doi:10. 3322/caac.21834
  • Bakır G. Kadınların meme kanseri korkusu, kadercilik algısı ve seçilmiş faktörlerin erken tanı davranışlarına etkisi: İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi; 2022.
  • Marano L, Carbone L, Poto GE, et al. Extended lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer in the neoadjuvant era: current status, clinical implications and contentious issues. Curr Oncol. 2023;30(1):875-896. doi:10.3390/curroncol30010067
  • Lordick F, Carneiro F, Cascinu S, et al. Gastric cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2022;33(10):1005-1020. doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.004
  • Song S-Y, Chung JW, Yin YH, et al. Celiac axis and common hepatic artery variations in 5002 patients: systematic analysis with spiral CT and DSA. Radiology. 2010;255(1):278-288. doi:10.1148/radiol.09090389
  • Cirocchi R, D'Andrea V, Amato B, et al. Aberrant left hepatic arteries arising from left gastric arteries and their clinical importance. Surgeon. 2020;18(2):100-112. doi:10.1016/j.surge.2019.06.002
  • Michels NA. Blood supply and anatomy of the upper abdominal organs, with a descriptive atlas. (No Title). 1955.
  • Messager M, De Steur W, Van Sandick J, et al. Variations among 5 European countries for curative treatment of resectable oesophageal and gastric cancer: a survey from the EURECCA Upper GI Group (EUropean REgistration of Cancer CAre). Eur J Surg Oncol (EJSO). 2016; 42(1):116-122. doi:10.1016/j.ejso.2015.09.017
  • Pasquer A, Renaud F, Hec F, et al. Is centralization needed for esophageal and gastric cancer patients with low operative risk?: a nationwide study. Ann Surg. 2016;264(5):823-830. doi:10.1097/SLA.0000000000001768
  • Haller A. Lcones anatomicae in quibus aliquae partes corporis humani delineatae preponuntur et arteriarum potissimum historia continetur. 1756; Gottingen: Vandenhoeck. Vandenhoeck, Gottingen: (in German).
  • Hiatt JR, Gabbay J, Busuttil RW. Surgical anatomy of the hepatic arteries in 1000 cases. Ann Surg. 1994;220(1):50. doi:10.1097/00000658-199407000-00008
  • Valji K. Hepatic, splenic, and portal vascular systems. The Practice of Interventional Radiology, with online cases and video: Expert Consult Premium Edition-Enhanced Online Features and Print. 2011:356.
  • Sakamoto S, Kiura Y, Okazaki T, et al. Carotid artery stenting for vulnerable plaques on MR angiography and ultrasonography: utility of dual protection and blood aspiration method. J Neurointerv Surg. 2016; 8(10):1011-1015. doi:10.1136/neurintsurg-2015-012052
  • Tao W, Peng D, Cheng Y-X, Zhang W. Clinical significance of aberrant left hepatic artery during gastrectomy: a systematic review. World J Clin Cases. 2022;10(10):3121-3130. doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i10.3121
  • Cui Z, Ding C, Li C, et al. Preoperative evaluation of the segmental artery by three-dimensional image reconstruction vs. thin-section multi-detector computed tomography. J Thorac Dis. 2020;12(8):4196-4204. doi:10.21037/jtd-20-1014
  • Ang RRG, Lee H-J, Bae JS, et al. Safety of ligation of aberrant left hepatic artery originating from left gastric artery in laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):5856. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-62587-7
  • Kleive D, Sahakyan MA, Khan A, Fosby B, Line P-D, Labori KJ. Incidence and management of arterial injuries during pancreatectomy. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2018;403(3):341-348. doi:10.1007/s00423-018-1666-1
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Oncologic Surgery, General Surgery
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İbrahim Burak Bahçecioğlu 0000-0001-9417-3866

Müjdat Turan 0000-0002-7854-4855

Publication Date October 26, 2025
Submission Date September 23, 2025
Acceptance Date October 16, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 6

Cite

AMA Bahçecioğlu İB, Turan M. Clinical significance of celiac truncus variations in gastric cancer surgery: a retrospective cohort study in the Turkish population. Anatolian Curr Med J / ACMJ / acmj. October 2025;7(6):906-912. doi:10.38053/acmj.1789685

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