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Hirudinea Fauna of Lake Karagöl (Sındırgı-Balıkesir) and Lake Gölcük (Bigadiç-Balıkesir): A New Record for Türkiye

Year 2023, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 209 - 217, 01.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1068061

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the Hirudinea fauna in Lake Karagöl (Sındırgı-Balıkesir, Türkiye) and Lake Gölcük (Bigadiç-Balıkesir, Türkiye), which has not been found in any limnological studies before. It was determined the species of Placobdella costata, Helobdella stagnalis, Hirudo verbana, Haemopis sanguisuga and Dina punctata in Lake Karagöl and P. costata, Glossiphonia concolor, Dina lineata and D. punctata in Lake Gölcük. According to the findings of the present study, Dina punctata was reported for the first time in the Turkish Hirudinea fauna.

References

  • Ahmad, A., Maimon, A., Othman, M. S., & Mohd Pauzi, A. (2002). The Potential of Local Benthic Macroinvertebrates as a Biological Monitoring Tool For River Water Quality Assessment. Proceedings of the Regional Symposium on Environment and Natural Resources, 1, 464-471.
  • Ahmed, R.B., Bielecki, A., Cichocka, J.M., Tekaya, S., Gorzel, M., & Harrath, A.H. (2013). Erpobdellid leeches (Annelida, Clitellata, Hirudinida) from Tunisia: New records with the description of a new Trocheta species. Zootaxa, 3681(4), 440-454. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3681.4.7
  • Ayhan, H., & Mollahaliloğlu, S. (2018). Tıbbi sülük tedavisi: Hirudoterapi. Ankara Medical Journal, 18(1), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.409057
  • Ayhan, H., Özyurt Koçakoğlu, N., & Candan, S. (2021). Functional morphology of the suckers and teeth of the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820 (Annelida; Clitellata; Hirudinida): A scanning electron microscope study. Microscopy Research and Technique, 84(12), 2930-2935. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23851
  • Ben Ahmed, R., Gammoudi, M., Khaled, I., Tekaya, S., Mansour, L., Alwasel, S., & Harrath, A.H. (2015). Annotations on marine and freshwater leeches (Annelida, Clitellata, Hirudinea) from North Africa. Tropical Zoology, 28(2), 71-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2015.1046737
  • Bendell, B.E., & McNicol, D.K. (1991). An Assessment of Leeches (Hirudinea) As Indicators of Lake Acidification. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 69(1), 130-133. https://doi.org/10.1139/z91-019
  • Beracko, P., & Košel, V. (2011). Life cycle and feeding habits of Dina punctata Johansson, 1927 (Erpobdellidae, Hirudinea) in a small Carpathian stream. International Review of Hydrobiology, 96(1), 39-47. https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.201011260
  • Bilal, S., Ali, L., Abdullah, L. Y., Khailany, R. A., Dhahir, S. F., & Abdullah, S. M. (2017). First record of leech Dina punctata (Annelida: Erpobdellidae) from Lesser Zab River in northern Iraq: Morphological and molecular investigation. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2, 69-72.
  • Ceylan, M. (2020). Effects of maternal age on reproductive performance of the southern medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820. Animal Reproduction Science, 218, 106507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106507
  • Ceylan, M., & Çetinkaya, O. (2021). Size and structure of the Mediterranean medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana populations inhabiting wetlands around Lake Eğirdir, Turkey. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 38(4), 437-447. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.4.05
  • Ceylan, M., Çetinkaya, O., & Kvist, S. (2021b). Function of the waterfowl nests as reproduction and living areas for leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea). Animal Reproduction Science, 232, 106816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106816
  • Ceylan, M., Küçükkara, R., Akçimen, U., & Yener, O. (2017). Reproduction efficiency of the horse leech, Haemopis sanguisuga (Linnaeus, 1758). Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 61(3), 182-188. https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2017.1318096
  • Ceylan, M., Küçükkara, R., Erbatur, İ., Karataş, E., Tunç, M., & Sağlam, N. (2021a). Growth, survival and reproduction of the Turkish medicinal leech, Hirudo sulukii. Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 65(1), 57-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1885506
  • Cichocka, J. M., Bielecki, A., Jabłońska‐Barna, I., Krajewski, Ł., Topolska, K., Hildebrand, J., ... & Abramchuk, A. (2021). Sucking of human blood by Placobdella costata (OF Müller, 1846)(Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae): Case study with notes on body form. Ecology and Evolution, 11(24), 17593. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8261
  • Darabi-Darestani, K., Sari, A., & Sarafrazi, A. (2016). Five new records and an annotated checklist of the leeches (Annelida: Hirudinida) of Iran. Zootaxa, 4170(1), 41-70. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.2
  • Darabi‐Darestani, K., Sari, A., Khomenko, A., Kvist, S., & Utevsky, S. (2021). DNA barcoding of Iranian leeches (Annelida: Clitellata: Hirudinida). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 59(7), 1438-1452. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12538
  • Davies, R. W. (1991). Annelida, Leeches, Polychaetes and Acanthobdellids. Ecology and Classification of Nort American Freshwater Invertebrate. Academic Press.
  • Davies, R. W., Wrona, F. J., & Linton, L. (1979). A serological study of prey selection by Helobdella stagnalis (Hirudinoidea). The Journal of Animal Ecology, 48(1) 181-194.
  • Elliott, J. M., & Dobson, M. (2015). Freshwater Leeches of Britain and Ireland: Keys to the Hirudinea and a Review of Their Ecology. Freshwater Biological Association, United Kingdom.
  • Grosser, C., Pešıć, V., Berlajolli, V., & Gligorović, B. (2016). Glossiphonia balcanica n. sp. and Dina prokletijaca n. sp. (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae, Erpobdellidae) - Two New Leeches from Montenegro and Kosovo, Ecologica Montenegrina, 8, 17-26. https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.8.2
  • Kazancı, N., Ekingen, P., & Türkmen, G. (2009). A study on Hirudinea Fauna of Turkey and habitat quality of the species. Review of Hydrobiology, 1, 81-95.
  • Koperski, P. (2005). Testing The Suitability of Leeches (Hirudinea, Clitellata) For Biological Assessment of Lowland Streams. Polish Journal of Ecology, 53(1), 65-80.
  • Kvist, S., Utevsky, S., Marrone, F., Ben Ahmed, R., Gajda, Ł., Grosser, C., ... & Müller, C. (2022). Extensive sampling sheds light on species-level diversity in Palearctic Placobdella (Annelida: Clitellata: Glossiphoniiformes). Hydrobiologia, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04786-5
  • Manav, M., Ceylan, M., & Büyükçapar, H. M. (2019). Investigation of reproductive efficiency, growth performance and survival of the southern medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820 fed with mammalian and poultry blood. Animal Reproduction Science, 206, 27-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.05.004
  • Metcalfe, J. L., Fox, M.E., & Carey, J. H. (1988). Freshwater Leeches (Hirudinea) as a Screening Tool For Detecting Organic Contaminants In The Environment. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 11, 147-169. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00401727
  • Nesemann, H. (1990). Investigations on two Glossiphonia species (Hirudinea) from running waters of Central Europe with a redescription of Glossiphonia concolor (Apáthy, 1888). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 82, 65-74.
  • Nesemann, H. (1993). Identification Key to the Hungarian Leeches of the Subfamily Trochetinae Pawlowski, 1956, With Notes on Systematics of the Subfamily Erpobdellinae Blanchard, 1894 (Hirudinea). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 85, 19-35.
  • Nesemann, H., & Neubert, E. (1994). New data to the leeches of the subfamily Trochetinae (Hirudinea, Erpobdellidae). Miscellanea Zoologica Hungarica, 9, 19-28.
  • Neubert, E., & Nesemann, H. (1999). Annelida, Clitellata: Branchiobdellida, Acanthobdellea, Hirudinea. Süβwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa 6/2. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.
  • Özbek, M., & Sarı, H. M. (2007). Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi'ndeki Bazı Göllerin Hirudinea (Annelida) Faunası. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 24(1), 83-88.
  • Sağlam, N. (2001). First record of the leech Placobdella costata (Hirudinoidea: Glossiphoniidae) in Turkey. Zoology in the Middle East, 23(1), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2001.10637876
  • Sağlam, N. (2011). Protection and sustainability, exportation of some species of medicinal leeches (Hirudo medicinalis L., 1758 and Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820). Journal of FisheriesSciences. com, 5(1), 1-15.
  • Sağlam, N. (2018). The effects of environmental factors on leeches. Advances in Agriculture and Environmental Science: Open Access, 1(1), 00001.
  • Sağlam, N., & Dörücü, M. (2002). Observations on the ecology of the freshwater leech Helobdella stagnalis (Hirudinoidea: Glossiphoniidae), new for Turkey. Zoology in the Middle East, 25(1), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2002.10637912
  • Sağlam, N., (2004). Tatlı Su ve Deniz Sülükleri Tanı Anahtarı. Fırat Üniversitesi Basım Evi.
  • Sağlam, N., Saunders, R., Lang, S. A., & Shain, D. H. (2016). A new species of Hirudo (Annelida: Hirudinidae): historical biogeography of Eurasian medicinal leeches. BMC Zoology, 1(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-016-0002-x
  • Sawyer, R. T. (1986). Leech Biology and Behaviour. Clarendon Press.
  • Scrimgeour, G. J., Wicklum, D., & Pruss, S. D. (1998). Selection of an aquatic indicator species to monitor organic contaminants in trophically simple lotic food webs. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 34, 565-572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900417
  • Tempelman, D. (2008). Leeches and the Water Framework Directive. Lauterbornia, 65, 193-203.
  • Thearle, M. J. (1998). Leeches in Medicine. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery, 68, 292-295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.1998.tb02086.x
  • Wilkin, P. J., Scofield, A. M. (1990). The use of a serological technique to examine host selection in a natural population of the medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis. Freshwater Biology, 23(2), 165-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1990.tb00261.x
  • Williams, K. M., Barkdull, M., Fahmy, M., Hekkala, E., Siddall, M. E., & Kvist, S. (2020). Caught red handed: iDNA points to wild source for CITES-protected contraband leeches. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 66(5), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-020-01419-5

Karagöl (Sındırgı-Balıkesir) ve Gölcük Gölü (Bigadiç-Balıkesir) Hirudinea Faunası: Türkiye için Yeni Bir Kayıt

Year 2023, Volume: 19 Issue: 3, 209 - 217, 01.09.2023
https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1068061

Abstract

Bu çalışma, daha önce herhangi bir limnolojik çalışmaya rastlanmayan Karagöl (Sındırgı-Balıkesir) ve Gölcük Gölü (Bigadiç-Balıkesir)’nün Hirudinea faunasının belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma ile Karagöl’de Placobdella costata, Helobdella stagnalis, Hirudo verbana, Haemopis sanguisuga ve Dina punctata, Gölcük Gölü’nde ise P. costata, Glossiphonia concolor, Dina lineata ve D. punctata türleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu türlerden D. punctata Türkiye Hirudinea faunası için ilk kez rapor edilmiştir.

References

  • Ahmad, A., Maimon, A., Othman, M. S., & Mohd Pauzi, A. (2002). The Potential of Local Benthic Macroinvertebrates as a Biological Monitoring Tool For River Water Quality Assessment. Proceedings of the Regional Symposium on Environment and Natural Resources, 1, 464-471.
  • Ahmed, R.B., Bielecki, A., Cichocka, J.M., Tekaya, S., Gorzel, M., & Harrath, A.H. (2013). Erpobdellid leeches (Annelida, Clitellata, Hirudinida) from Tunisia: New records with the description of a new Trocheta species. Zootaxa, 3681(4), 440-454. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3681.4.7
  • Ayhan, H., & Mollahaliloğlu, S. (2018). Tıbbi sülük tedavisi: Hirudoterapi. Ankara Medical Journal, 18(1), 141-148. https://doi.org/10.17098/amj.409057
  • Ayhan, H., Özyurt Koçakoğlu, N., & Candan, S. (2021). Functional morphology of the suckers and teeth of the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820 (Annelida; Clitellata; Hirudinida): A scanning electron microscope study. Microscopy Research and Technique, 84(12), 2930-2935. https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.23851
  • Ben Ahmed, R., Gammoudi, M., Khaled, I., Tekaya, S., Mansour, L., Alwasel, S., & Harrath, A.H. (2015). Annotations on marine and freshwater leeches (Annelida, Clitellata, Hirudinea) from North Africa. Tropical Zoology, 28(2), 71-93. https://doi.org/10.1080/03946975.2015.1046737
  • Bendell, B.E., & McNicol, D.K. (1991). An Assessment of Leeches (Hirudinea) As Indicators of Lake Acidification. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 69(1), 130-133. https://doi.org/10.1139/z91-019
  • Beracko, P., & Košel, V. (2011). Life cycle and feeding habits of Dina punctata Johansson, 1927 (Erpobdellidae, Hirudinea) in a small Carpathian stream. International Review of Hydrobiology, 96(1), 39-47. https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.201011260
  • Bilal, S., Ali, L., Abdullah, L. Y., Khailany, R. A., Dhahir, S. F., & Abdullah, S. M. (2017). First record of leech Dina punctata (Annelida: Erpobdellidae) from Lesser Zab River in northern Iraq: Morphological and molecular investigation. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2, 69-72.
  • Ceylan, M. (2020). Effects of maternal age on reproductive performance of the southern medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820. Animal Reproduction Science, 218, 106507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106507
  • Ceylan, M., & Çetinkaya, O. (2021). Size and structure of the Mediterranean medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana populations inhabiting wetlands around Lake Eğirdir, Turkey. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 38(4), 437-447. https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.38.4.05
  • Ceylan, M., Çetinkaya, O., & Kvist, S. (2021b). Function of the waterfowl nests as reproduction and living areas for leeches (Annelida: Hirudinea). Animal Reproduction Science, 232, 106816. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106816
  • Ceylan, M., Küçükkara, R., Akçimen, U., & Yener, O. (2017). Reproduction efficiency of the horse leech, Haemopis sanguisuga (Linnaeus, 1758). Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 61(3), 182-188. https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2017.1318096
  • Ceylan, M., Küçükkara, R., Erbatur, İ., Karataş, E., Tunç, M., & Sağlam, N. (2021a). Growth, survival and reproduction of the Turkish medicinal leech, Hirudo sulukii. Invertebrate Reproduction & Development, 65(1), 57-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/07924259.2021.1885506
  • Cichocka, J. M., Bielecki, A., Jabłońska‐Barna, I., Krajewski, Ł., Topolska, K., Hildebrand, J., ... & Abramchuk, A. (2021). Sucking of human blood by Placobdella costata (OF Müller, 1846)(Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae): Case study with notes on body form. Ecology and Evolution, 11(24), 17593. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.8261
  • Darabi-Darestani, K., Sari, A., & Sarafrazi, A. (2016). Five new records and an annotated checklist of the leeches (Annelida: Hirudinida) of Iran. Zootaxa, 4170(1), 41-70. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4170.1.2
  • Darabi‐Darestani, K., Sari, A., Khomenko, A., Kvist, S., & Utevsky, S. (2021). DNA barcoding of Iranian leeches (Annelida: Clitellata: Hirudinida). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research, 59(7), 1438-1452. https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12538
  • Davies, R. W. (1991). Annelida, Leeches, Polychaetes and Acanthobdellids. Ecology and Classification of Nort American Freshwater Invertebrate. Academic Press.
  • Davies, R. W., Wrona, F. J., & Linton, L. (1979). A serological study of prey selection by Helobdella stagnalis (Hirudinoidea). The Journal of Animal Ecology, 48(1) 181-194.
  • Elliott, J. M., & Dobson, M. (2015). Freshwater Leeches of Britain and Ireland: Keys to the Hirudinea and a Review of Their Ecology. Freshwater Biological Association, United Kingdom.
  • Grosser, C., Pešıć, V., Berlajolli, V., & Gligorović, B. (2016). Glossiphonia balcanica n. sp. and Dina prokletijaca n. sp. (Hirudinida: Glossiphoniidae, Erpobdellidae) - Two New Leeches from Montenegro and Kosovo, Ecologica Montenegrina, 8, 17-26. https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.8.2
  • Kazancı, N., Ekingen, P., & Türkmen, G. (2009). A study on Hirudinea Fauna of Turkey and habitat quality of the species. Review of Hydrobiology, 1, 81-95.
  • Koperski, P. (2005). Testing The Suitability of Leeches (Hirudinea, Clitellata) For Biological Assessment of Lowland Streams. Polish Journal of Ecology, 53(1), 65-80.
  • Kvist, S., Utevsky, S., Marrone, F., Ben Ahmed, R., Gajda, Ł., Grosser, C., ... & Müller, C. (2022). Extensive sampling sheds light on species-level diversity in Palearctic Placobdella (Annelida: Clitellata: Glossiphoniiformes). Hydrobiologia, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04786-5
  • Manav, M., Ceylan, M., & Büyükçapar, H. M. (2019). Investigation of reproductive efficiency, growth performance and survival of the southern medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820 fed with mammalian and poultry blood. Animal Reproduction Science, 206, 27-37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.05.004
  • Metcalfe, J. L., Fox, M.E., & Carey, J. H. (1988). Freshwater Leeches (Hirudinea) as a Screening Tool For Detecting Organic Contaminants In The Environment. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 11, 147-169. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00401727
  • Nesemann, H. (1990). Investigations on two Glossiphonia species (Hirudinea) from running waters of Central Europe with a redescription of Glossiphonia concolor (Apáthy, 1888). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 82, 65-74.
  • Nesemann, H. (1993). Identification Key to the Hungarian Leeches of the Subfamily Trochetinae Pawlowski, 1956, With Notes on Systematics of the Subfamily Erpobdellinae Blanchard, 1894 (Hirudinea). Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 85, 19-35.
  • Nesemann, H., & Neubert, E. (1994). New data to the leeches of the subfamily Trochetinae (Hirudinea, Erpobdellidae). Miscellanea Zoologica Hungarica, 9, 19-28.
  • Neubert, E., & Nesemann, H. (1999). Annelida, Clitellata: Branchiobdellida, Acanthobdellea, Hirudinea. Süβwasserfauna von Mitteleuropa 6/2. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag.
  • Özbek, M., & Sarı, H. M. (2007). Batı Karadeniz Bölgesi'ndeki Bazı Göllerin Hirudinea (Annelida) Faunası. Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 24(1), 83-88.
  • Sağlam, N. (2001). First record of the leech Placobdella costata (Hirudinoidea: Glossiphoniidae) in Turkey. Zoology in the Middle East, 23(1), 113-118. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2001.10637876
  • Sağlam, N. (2011). Protection and sustainability, exportation of some species of medicinal leeches (Hirudo medicinalis L., 1758 and Hirudo verbana Carena, 1820). Journal of FisheriesSciences. com, 5(1), 1-15.
  • Sağlam, N. (2018). The effects of environmental factors on leeches. Advances in Agriculture and Environmental Science: Open Access, 1(1), 00001.
  • Sağlam, N., & Dörücü, M. (2002). Observations on the ecology of the freshwater leech Helobdella stagnalis (Hirudinoidea: Glossiphoniidae), new for Turkey. Zoology in the Middle East, 25(1), 115-120. https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.2002.10637912
  • Sağlam, N., (2004). Tatlı Su ve Deniz Sülükleri Tanı Anahtarı. Fırat Üniversitesi Basım Evi.
  • Sağlam, N., Saunders, R., Lang, S. A., & Shain, D. H. (2016). A new species of Hirudo (Annelida: Hirudinidae): historical biogeography of Eurasian medicinal leeches. BMC Zoology, 1(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-016-0002-x
  • Sawyer, R. T. (1986). Leech Biology and Behaviour. Clarendon Press.
  • Scrimgeour, G. J., Wicklum, D., & Pruss, S. D. (1998). Selection of an aquatic indicator species to monitor organic contaminants in trophically simple lotic food webs. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 34, 565-572. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002449900417
  • Tempelman, D. (2008). Leeches and the Water Framework Directive. Lauterbornia, 65, 193-203.
  • Thearle, M. J. (1998). Leeches in Medicine. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery, 68, 292-295. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1445-2197.1998.tb02086.x
  • Wilkin, P. J., Scofield, A. M. (1990). The use of a serological technique to examine host selection in a natural population of the medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis. Freshwater Biology, 23(2), 165-169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.1990.tb00261.x
  • Williams, K. M., Barkdull, M., Fahmy, M., Hekkala, E., Siddall, M. E., & Kvist, S. (2020). Caught red handed: iDNA points to wild source for CITES-protected contraband leeches. European Journal of Wildlife Research, 66(5), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10344-020-01419-5
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Mustafa Ceylan 0000-0002-3283-0637

Early Pub Date August 25, 2023
Publication Date September 1, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 19 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Ceylan, M. (2023). Hirudinea Fauna of Lake Karagöl (Sındırgı-Balıkesir) and Lake Gölcük (Bigadiç-Balıkesir): A New Record for Türkiye. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 19(3), 209-217. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1068061