Research Article
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Observations and Assessments of Some Epigraphic Graffiti Found on Entrances in Kaleiçi/Antalya

Year 2020, Issue: 23, 479 - 496, 15.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.47589/adalya.838112

Abstract

Antalya has a long memory, home to buildings dating from Antiquity and the Medieval periods. Many of these have been studied within the scope of various disciplines, especially over the course of the last century. However, there still remain surprising remains and traces that are unrecorded/unpublished, and doubtless much still remains to be discovered, recovered, reinterpreted and further understood. In this study some graffiti, previously undocumented on some buildings in Kaleiçi/Antalya, are introduced and analyzed. These are examples in Arabic from the portal of the Atabey Armağanşah Madrasa, one of the important buildings dating from the Seljuk Period. In addition, some Rumi and Osmanlica examples of graffiti on the Alaeddin Camii (formerly the Panaya Church) and the Yeni Kapı hamam-bathhouse are introduced and analyzed. After providing some basic information on the buildings on which these graffiti are found, the graffiti on each is examined with their characteristic features-calligraphic style, morphological properties and measurements-then evaluated and commented upon.

References

  • Antalya Valiliği. 2004. Antalya Kültür Envanteri (Merkez) 2003. Antalya: Antalya Valiliği İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü.
  • Atıl, E., ed. 1980. Turkish Art. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution/New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
  • Aygen, Z. 2013. International Heritage and Historic Building Conservation: Saving the World’s Past. Routledge Studies in Heritage 3. London: Routledge.
  • Bailey, N. 1730. Dictionarium Britannicum, or A More Compleat Universal Etymological English Dictionary than any Extant. London: T. Cox.
  • Bakırer, Ö. 1999. “The Story of Three Graffiti.” Muqarnas 16:42-69.
  • Bilici, Z.K. 2013. “Kargı Han ve Hamamı Üzerine.” Sanat Tarihi Dergisi 22.1:71-88.
  • Binan, D.U. 2001. “Ortaçağ Anadolu Türk Mimarisinde Taşçı İşaretleri ve Koruma Sorunları.” In TAÇ Vakfı‘nın 25 Yılı Anı Kitabı Türkiye’de Risk Altındaki Doğal ve Kültürel Miras, edited by H. Sezgin, 119-36. Istanbul: TAÇ Vakfı.
  • Binan, D.U., and C. Binan. 2009. “Ağzıkara Han Örneğinde Anadolu Selçuklu Dönemi Taşçı İşaretlerinin Belgelenmesi Üzerine Sistematik Bir Yaklaşım.” Adalya 12:319-45.
  • Brock, S., H. Goldfus, and A. Kofsky. 2007. “The Syriac Inscriptions at the Entrance to Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem.” Aram 19:415-38.
  • Carr, A.W., and A. Nicolaїdés, eds. 2012. Asinou across Time: Studies in the Architecture and Murals of the Panagia Phorbiotissa, Cyprus. Dumbarton Oaks Studies 43. Washington: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library.
  • Champion, M. 2015. Medieval Graffiti: The Lost Voices of England’s Churches. London: Ebury Press.
  • Crone, P., and S. Moreh, trans. 2000. The Book of Strangers: Medieval Arabic Graffiti on the Theme of Nostalgia. Princeton: Marcus Wiener Publishers.
  • Curry, J.C. 2010. The Transformation of Muslim Mystical Thought in the Ottoman Empire: The Rise of the Halveti Order, 1350-1650. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Çayırdağ, M. 1982. “Kayseri’de Selçuklu ve Beylikler Devri Binalarında Bulunan Taşçı İşaretleri.” Türk Etnografya Dergisi 17:79-108.
  • Dankoff, R. 2004. An Ottoman Mentality: The World of Evliya Çelebi. The Ottoman Empire and its Heritage 31. Leiden: Brill.
  • Demesticha, S., K. Delouca, M.G. Trentin, N. Bakirtzis, and A. Neophytou. 2017. “Seamen on Land? A Preliminary Analysis of Medieval Ship Graffiti on Cyprus.” IJNA 46.2:346-81.
  • Demirer, Ü., and İ. Baytak. 2019. “An Incised Template of an Architectural Postament from Cibyra.”Cedrus. The Journal of Mediterranean Civilisations Studies 7:487-96.
  • Deringil, S. 2012. Conversion and Apostasy in the Late Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
  • Dold-Samplonius, Y., and S.L. Harmsen. 2005. “The Muqarnas Plate Found at Takht-i Sulayman: A New Interpretation.” Muqarnas 22:85-94.
  • Duggan, T.M.P. 2008. “The Paintwork and Plaster on Evdir and Kırkgöz Hans by Antalya and- Some Implications Drawn Concerning the Original Appearance of 13th c. Seljuk State Buildings.” Adalya 11:319-58.
  • Duggan, T.M.P. 2019. “İslam Sanatında Zikzak Deseni ve Anlamları Üzerine Bir Okuma-On Reading the Meanings Carried by the Zigzag Design in Islamic Art.” Akdeniz Sanat Dergisi 13.23 (Özel Ek Sayı):781-799.
  • Durukan, A. 1988. “Alaeddin Keykubat Döneminde Antalya.” In Antalya 2. Selçuklu Eserleri Semineri 26-27 Aralık 1987, edited by M. Seyirci, 26-51. Antalya: Durukan Ofset.
Year 2020, Issue: 23, 479 - 496, 15.11.2020
https://doi.org/10.47589/adalya.838112

Abstract

References

  • Antalya Valiliği. 2004. Antalya Kültür Envanteri (Merkez) 2003. Antalya: Antalya Valiliği İl Kültür ve Turizm Müdürlüğü.
  • Atıl, E., ed. 1980. Turkish Art. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution/New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc.
  • Aygen, Z. 2013. International Heritage and Historic Building Conservation: Saving the World’s Past. Routledge Studies in Heritage 3. London: Routledge.
  • Bailey, N. 1730. Dictionarium Britannicum, or A More Compleat Universal Etymological English Dictionary than any Extant. London: T. Cox.
  • Bakırer, Ö. 1999. “The Story of Three Graffiti.” Muqarnas 16:42-69.
  • Bilici, Z.K. 2013. “Kargı Han ve Hamamı Üzerine.” Sanat Tarihi Dergisi 22.1:71-88.
  • Binan, D.U. 2001. “Ortaçağ Anadolu Türk Mimarisinde Taşçı İşaretleri ve Koruma Sorunları.” In TAÇ Vakfı‘nın 25 Yılı Anı Kitabı Türkiye’de Risk Altındaki Doğal ve Kültürel Miras, edited by H. Sezgin, 119-36. Istanbul: TAÇ Vakfı.
  • Binan, D.U., and C. Binan. 2009. “Ağzıkara Han Örneğinde Anadolu Selçuklu Dönemi Taşçı İşaretlerinin Belgelenmesi Üzerine Sistematik Bir Yaklaşım.” Adalya 12:319-45.
  • Brock, S., H. Goldfus, and A. Kofsky. 2007. “The Syriac Inscriptions at the Entrance to Holy Sepulchre, Jerusalem.” Aram 19:415-38.
  • Carr, A.W., and A. Nicolaїdés, eds. 2012. Asinou across Time: Studies in the Architecture and Murals of the Panagia Phorbiotissa, Cyprus. Dumbarton Oaks Studies 43. Washington: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library.
  • Champion, M. 2015. Medieval Graffiti: The Lost Voices of England’s Churches. London: Ebury Press.
  • Crone, P., and S. Moreh, trans. 2000. The Book of Strangers: Medieval Arabic Graffiti on the Theme of Nostalgia. Princeton: Marcus Wiener Publishers.
  • Curry, J.C. 2010. The Transformation of Muslim Mystical Thought in the Ottoman Empire: The Rise of the Halveti Order, 1350-1650. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Çayırdağ, M. 1982. “Kayseri’de Selçuklu ve Beylikler Devri Binalarında Bulunan Taşçı İşaretleri.” Türk Etnografya Dergisi 17:79-108.
  • Dankoff, R. 2004. An Ottoman Mentality: The World of Evliya Çelebi. The Ottoman Empire and its Heritage 31. Leiden: Brill.
  • Demesticha, S., K. Delouca, M.G. Trentin, N. Bakirtzis, and A. Neophytou. 2017. “Seamen on Land? A Preliminary Analysis of Medieval Ship Graffiti on Cyprus.” IJNA 46.2:346-81.
  • Demirer, Ü., and İ. Baytak. 2019. “An Incised Template of an Architectural Postament from Cibyra.”Cedrus. The Journal of Mediterranean Civilisations Studies 7:487-96.
  • Deringil, S. 2012. Conversion and Apostasy in the Late Ottoman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University.
  • Dold-Samplonius, Y., and S.L. Harmsen. 2005. “The Muqarnas Plate Found at Takht-i Sulayman: A New Interpretation.” Muqarnas 22:85-94.
  • Duggan, T.M.P. 2008. “The Paintwork and Plaster on Evdir and Kırkgöz Hans by Antalya and- Some Implications Drawn Concerning the Original Appearance of 13th c. Seljuk State Buildings.” Adalya 11:319-58.
  • Duggan, T.M.P. 2019. “İslam Sanatında Zikzak Deseni ve Anlamları Üzerine Bir Okuma-On Reading the Meanings Carried by the Zigzag Design in Islamic Art.” Akdeniz Sanat Dergisi 13.23 (Özel Ek Sayı):781-799.
  • Durukan, A. 1988. “Alaeddin Keykubat Döneminde Antalya.” In Antalya 2. Selçuklu Eserleri Semineri 26-27 Aralık 1987, edited by M. Seyirci, 26-51. Antalya: Durukan Ofset.
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Archaeology
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Mahmut Demir This is me 0000-0002-1895-4086

Terrance Michael Patrick Duggan This is me 0000-0003-3042-7489

Erkan Kurul This is me 0000-0002-3196-692X

Publication Date November 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Issue: 23

Cite

Chicago Demir, Mahmut, Terrance Michael Patrick Duggan, and Erkan Kurul. “Observations and Assessments of Some Epigraphic Graffiti Found on Entrances in Kaleiçi/Antalya”. Adalya, no. 23 (November 2020): 479-96. https://doi.org/10.47589/adalya.838112.

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