<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>lisans</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2147-6020</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Mehmet KURUDAYIOĞLU</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.16916/aded.1792543</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Turkish Education</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Türkçe Eğitimi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Yapay Zekâ Uygulamalarının Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Okuduğunu Anlama Becerisine ve Okuma Motivasyonuna Etkisi</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The Effect of Artificial Intelligence Applications on the Reading Comprehension Skills and Reading Motivation of Lower Secondary School Students</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9813-5557</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ürkmez</surname>
                                    <given-names>Seda</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KIRŞEHİR AHİ EVRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5509-2702</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Türkyılmaz</surname>
                                    <given-names>Mustafa</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>KIRŞEHİR AHİ EVRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260130">
                    <day>01</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>14</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>20</fpage>
                                        <lpage>45</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20250928">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>28</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20251209">
                        <day>12</day>
                        <month>09</month>
                        <year>2025</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, Journal of Mother Tongue Education</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Mother Tongue Education</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Bu araştırma Türkçe derslerinde kullanılan yapay zekâ uygulamalarının yedinci sınıf öğrencilerinin okuduğunu anlama becerisi ve okuma iç motivasyonuna etkisini incelemektedir. Karma yöntem yaklaşımıyla yürütülen çalışmada nicel boyutta ön test-son test, deney ve kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen, nitel boyutta ise yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma 2024-2025 eğitim-öğretim yılında Kırşehir’deki bir devlet ortaokulunda öğrenim gören 30 öğrenci (15 deney, 15 kontrol) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deney grubuna on hafta boyunca, haftada iki ders saati yapay zekâ destekli okuma etkinlikleri uygulanmış, kontrol grubunda ders kitabındaki etkinlikler programda ön görüldüğü şekilde sürdürülmüştür. Veriler başarı testi, motivasyon ölçeği ve görüşme formlarıyla toplanmış; bu veriler t-testleri ve içerik analiziyle değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, yapay zekâ destekli uygulamaların okuma motivasyonunu istatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyinde artırdığını, ancak okuduğunu anlama başarısında anlamlı bir değişim yaratmadığını ortaya koymuştur.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>This study examines the effects of artificial intelligence applications used in Turkish lessons on seventh-grade students’ reading comprehension skills and intrinsic reading motivation. Conducted with a mixed-methods approach, the study employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test–post-test, experimental and control groups in the quantitative dimension, and semi-structured interview techniques in the qualitative dimension. The research was carried out in the 2024–2025 academic year with 30 students (15 experimental, 15 control) attending a public middle school in Kırşehir. For ten weeks, the experimental group participated in AI-supported reading activities for two class hours per week, while the control group continued with the textbook activities as prescribed in the curriculum. Data were collected through an achievement test, a motivation scale, and interview forms, and were analyzed using t-tests and content analysis. The findings revealed that AI-supported applications significantly increased reading motivation but did not produce a significant change in reading comprehension achievement.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Okuduğunu anlama</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  okuma motivasyonu</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  yapay zekâ</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Reading comprehension</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  reading motivation</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  artificial intelligence</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Adıyaman, B., &amp; Türkyılmaz, M. (2023). Ortaokul öğrencilerinin okuma motivasyonlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından değerlendirilmesi. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(3), 971-987. https://doi.org/10.31592/aeusbed.1230595</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ağın Haykır, H. (2012). İlköğretim 6, 7 ve 8. sınıf öğrencilerinin okuduğunu anlama becerisi ile yazılı anlatım becerisi arasındaki ilişki (Tez No. 313264) [Yüksek lisans tezi, Ahi Evran Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akkaya, N., &amp; Çıvğın, H. (2021). Türkçe eğitiminde yapay zekâ. The Journal of International Education Science, 8(29), 308-322. https://doi.org/10.16916/aded.1611540</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyol, H. (2018). Türkçe ilk okuma yazma öğretimi. Pegem Akademi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyol, H., &amp; Yılmaz, M. (2010). Okuma bozukluğu olan bir öğrencinin okuma ve yazma becerisinin geliştirilmesine yönelik bir durum çalışması. e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy, 5(4), 1690-1700.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Altıntop, M. (2023). Yapay zekâ/akıllı öğrenme teknolojileriyle akademik metin yazma: ChatGPT örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (46), 186-211.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Altun, D. (2019). Sanal gerçeklik ve yapay zekâ. G. Telli (Ed.), Yapay zekâ ve gelecek (ss. 139-157). Doğu.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Anyanwu, B. J. C., Ejiogu, P. C., Ibekwe, C., &amp; Onuoha, N. I. (2025). Influence of artificial intelligence on undergraduates&#039;reading habit. African Journal of Social and Behavioural Sciences, 15(2), 915-947.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Arf, C. (1959). Makine düşünebilir mi ve nasıl düşünebilir? [Sözlü bildiri]. Atatürk Üniversitesi 1958-1959 Öğretim Yılı Halk Konferansları, Erzurum, Türkiye.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bayraklı Keleş, Z. İ. (2025). Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretimi lisansüstü öğrencilerinin yapay zekâya yönelik algılarının akademik yazma çalışmalarındaki rolü (Tez No. 943969) [Yüksek lisans tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Brown, Timothy A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Browne, M.W., &amp; Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessingmodel fit. In K. A. Bollen ve J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Sage.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2017). Deneysel desenler: öntest-sontest kontrol grubu desen ve veri analizi. Pegem Akademi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS (2nd ed.). Routledge.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chavez, O. J., &amp; Palaoag, T. (2024). AI-driven mobile application: unraveling students’ motivational feature preferences for reading comprehension. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching &amp; Learning, 17(2), 226-242. https://doi.org/10.1108/JRIT-02-2024-0045</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chen, C. H., Koong, C. S., &amp; Liao, C. (2022). Influences of integrating dynamic assessment into a speech recognition learning design to support students’ English speaking skills, learning anxiety and cognitive load. Educational Technology &amp; Society, 25(1), 1-14.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chen, X., Xie, H., Zou, D., &amp; Wang, F. L. (2023). ChatGPT for generating stories and mind-maps in storytelling. 10th International Conference on Behavioural and Social Computing (BESC) (pp. 1-8). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/BESC59560.2023.10386441</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chin, K. Y., Hong, Z. W., &amp; Chen, Y. L. (2014). Impact of using an educational robot-based learning system on students’ motivation in elementary education. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 7(4), 333-345. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2014.2346756</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cho, Y. H., Kim, K. H., &amp; Han, J. Y. (2019). Student perception of adaptive collaborative learning support through learning analytics. The Journal of Educational Information and Media, 25(1), 25-57. https://doi.org/10.15833/KAFEIAM.25.1.025</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Erlbaum.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cooper, G. (2023). Examining science education in ChatGPT: An exploratory study of generative artificial intelligence. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 32, 444-452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-023-10039-y</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design, qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches (S. B. Demir, Çev.). Eğiten.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çangal, Ö., Çelik, M. E., &amp; Başar, U. (2025). Yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde yapay zekâ kullanımına yönelik öğretici görüşleri. Aydın Tömer Dil Dergisi, 10(1), 57-97. https://doi.org/10.17932/IAU.TOMER.2016.019/tomer_v010i1003</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dal, M. (2024). Yapay zekâ tabanlı ChatGPT&#039;ye dayalı oluşturulan etkinliklerin 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin metin yazma, eleştirel ve yaratıcı düşünme becerilerine etkisi [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi]. Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Daweli, T. W., &amp; Moqbel Mahyoub, R. A. (2024). Exploring EFL learners&#039; perspectives on using AI tools and their impacts in reading instruction: An exploratory study. Arab World English Journal, (AWEJ) Special Issue on CALL (10), 160-171. https://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awej/call10.11</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Demir, K., &amp; Güraksın, G. E. (2022). Determining middle school students&#039; perceptions of the concept of artificial intelligence: A metaphor analysis. Participatory Educational Research, 9(2), 297-312. https://doi.org/10.17275/per.22.41.9.2</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dilekçi, A., &amp; Karatay, H. (2021). Türkçe dersi öğretim programlarında 21. yüzyıl becerileri. Uluslararası Türkçe Edebiyat Kültür Eğitim Dergisi, 10(4), 1430-1444.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Duman, D. (2024). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde deyimlerin yapay zekâ destekli animasyonlarla öğretimi (Tez No. 908526) [Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Bartın Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fathi, J., Rahimi, M., &amp; Derakhshan, A. (2024). Improving EFL learners’ speaking skills and willingness to communicate via artificial intelligence-mediated interactions. System, 121(2), 103254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2024.103254</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Field, A. (2009). SPSS ile istatistiksel analiz (Z. Gürsoy, Çev.). And.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fitria, T. N. (2021). Artificial intelligence (AI) in education: Using AI tools for teaching and learning process. In Proceedings of the National Seminar &amp; Call for Papers (pp. 134-147).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gün, M., Alkan, E., &amp; Baştürk, M. B. (2025). Yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde yapay zekâ tarafından üretilen görsellerin kültür aktarımı bağlamında incelenmesi. International Journal of Language Academy: IJLA, 13(1), 293-308. https://doi.org/10.29228/ijla.80494</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gün, M., &amp; Durmuş Öz, B. (2024). Türkçe eğitiminde yapay zekâ kullanımı: ChatGPT örneği. International Journal of Language Academy, 12(51), 98-119. https://doi.org/10.29228/ijla.76804</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">He, X. (2024). Enhancing reading comprehension with AI-generated adaptive texts. International Journal of New Developments in Education, 6(7), 46-52. https://doi.org/10.25236/IJNDE.2024.060708</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hidayat, M. T. (2024). Effectiveness of AI-based personalised reading platforms in enhancing reading comprehension. Journal of Learning for Development, 11(1), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.56059/jl4d.v11i1.955</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Huang, X., Zou, D., Cheng, G., Chen, X., &amp; Xie, H. (2023). Trends, research issues and applications of artificial intelligence in language education. Educational Technology &amp; Society, 26(1), 112-131. https://doi.org/10.30191/ETS.202301_26(1).0009</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Johnson, B., &amp; Christensen, L. (2004). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches (2nd ed.). Need ham Heights, Allynand Bacon.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jöreskog, K. G., &amp;  Sörbom D. (1993). Lisrel 8: Structural equation modeling with the SIMPLIS command language. Scientific Software International.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kalaycı, Ş. (Ed) (2010). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Asil.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karagöl, E. ve Kaynak, U. S. (2025). Yapay zekâ destekli yazma becerisi eğitimi: Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde ChatGPT uygulamaları. Bugu Dil ve Eğitim Dergisi, 6(3), 309-330. http://dx.doi.org/10.46321/bugu.1201</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karagöl, E., &amp; Yıldırım Bilgen, D. (2025). Türkçe eğitiminde yapay zekâ kullanımı: Türkçe eğitimcileri yapay zekâ hakkında ne düşünüyor?. Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisi, 13(2), 356-374. https://doi.org/10.16916/aded.1611540</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karagöl, E. Yıldırım Bilgen, D., &amp; Korkmaz, C. B. (2025) . The impact of AI applications on pre-service teachers&#039; public speaking anxiety and academic speaking skill in the context of oral presentations: A mixed-methods study. Teaching and Teacher Education, 166, 2-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2025.105180</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karasar, N. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi: kavramlar ilkeler teknikler. Nobel.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Katı, T. N., &amp; Can, U. (2024). Yapay zekâ ile üretilen metinlerin yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde okuma becerisine yönelik kullanılabilirliği: ChatGPT-3.5 örneği. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(2), 538-569. https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.1415303</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kıncal, R., Y. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Nobel.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kızgın, A., &amp; Baştuğ, M. (2020). Okuma motivasyonu ve okuduğunu anlama becerisinin akademik başarıyı yordama düzeyi. Dil Eğitimi ve Araştırmaları Dergisi 6(2), 601-612. https://doi.org/10.31464/jlere.767022</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. Guilford.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kurnaz, H. (2019). Okuma İç Motivasyonu Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(1), 234-250. https://doi.org/10.29299/kefad.2018.20.01.008</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kurudayıoğlu, M. (2011). Zihinsel ve fiziksel bir süreç olarak okuma. Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(1), 15-29.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Küçük, E., &amp; Solak, Ö. (2025). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğretiminde yapay zekâ kullanımına dair öğrenici görüşleri. Avrasya Dil Eğitimi ve Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(1), 1-24.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lestari, S., Usadiati, W., &amp; Misrita, M. (2021). The correlation between students artificial intelligence and their English reading skills achievement. Bahasa: Jurnal Keilmuan Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 3(2), 103-111. https://doi.org/10.26499/bahasa.v3i2.110</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref52">
                        <label>52</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Liu, C. C., Liao, M. G., Chang, C. H., &amp; Lin, H. M. (2022). An analysis of children&#039;s interaction with an AI chatbot and its impact on their interest in reading. Computers &amp; Education, 189, Article 104576.	 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104576</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref53">
                        <label>53</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Liu, M., Zhang, J., Nyagoga, L. M., &amp; Liu, L. (2023). Student-AI question cocreation for enhancing reading comprehension. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 17, 815-826. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2023.3333439</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref54">
                        <label>54</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">McCarthy, J., Minsky, M. L., Rochester, N., &amp; Shannon, C. E. (1955). A proposal for the Dartmouth summer research project on artificial intelligence. https://www.cs.mit.edu/jmc/history/dartmouth/</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref55">
                        <label>55</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı. (2024). Türkçe dersi öğretim programı. MEB Temel Eğitim Genel Müdürlüğü.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref56">
                        <label>56</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nabiyev, V. V. (2012). Yapay zekâ: insan-bilgisayar etkileşimi. Seçkin.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref57">
                        <label>57</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ng, D. T. K., Leung, J. K. L., Chu, K. W. S., &amp; Qiao, M. S. (2021). AI literacy: Definition, teaching, evaluation and ethical issues. Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 58(1), 504-509. https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.487</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref58">
                        <label>58</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Özçelik, D. Ali. (1989). Test hazırlama kılavuzu. ÖSYM Eğitim.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref59">
                        <label>59</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Özgeldi, M. (2019). Yapay zekâ ve insan kaynakları. G. Telli (Ed.), Yapay zekâ ve gelecek içinde (ss. 198-222). Doğu.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref60">
                        <label>60</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Peng, H., Ma, S., &amp; Spector, J. M. (2019). Personalized adaptive learning: An emerging pedagogical approach enabled by a smart learning environment. Smart Learning Environments, 6(1), 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-019-0089-y</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref61">
                        <label>61</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Raykov, T., &amp; Marcoulides, G. A. (2006). A first course in structural equation modeling. Lawrence Erlbaum.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref62">
                        <label>62</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Reese, B. (2020). Yapay zekâ çağı, dördüncü çağ: Akıllı robotlar, bilinçli bilgisayarlar ve insanlığın geleceği (M. Doğan, Çev.). Say.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref63">
                        <label>63</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ryan, R. M., &amp; Deci, E. L. (2000). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivations: Classic definitions and new directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 25(1), 54-67. https://doi.org/10.1006/ceps.1999.1020</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref64">
                        <label>64</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Schiefele, U., Schaffner, E., Möller, J., and Wigfield, A. (2012). Dimensions of reading motivation and their relation to reading behavior and competence. Reading Research Quarterly, 47(4), 427-463. https://doi.org/10.1002/RRQ.030</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref65">
                        <label>65</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Srinivasan, V., &amp; Murthy, H. (2021). Improving reading and comprehension in K-12: Evidence from a large-scale AI technology intervention in India. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence, 2, 100019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2021.100019</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref66">
                        <label>66</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sun, X., &amp; Yusof, S. M. (2025). AI-supported differentiated instruction for Chinese vocational English reading: Enhancing proficiency and motivation. International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems, 2540649. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129156425406497</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref67">
                        <label>67</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tegmark, M. (2019). Yaşam 3.0: Yapay zekâ çağında insan olmak (E. C. Göksoy, Çev.). Pegasus.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref68">
                        <label>68</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tekin, H. (1996). Eğitimde ölçme ve değerlendirme. Yargı.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref69">
                        <label>69</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Turgut, B. (2025). Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde yapay zekâ kullanımıyla ilgili öğrenci görüşleri (Tez No. 944255) [Yüksek lisans tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi]. YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref70">
                        <label>70</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Turing, A. M. (1950). Computing machinery and intelligence. Mind a Quarterly Review of Psychology and Philosophy, 59(36), 433-460.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref71">
                        <label>71</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkben, T., &amp; Gündeğer, C. (2021). Beşinci sınıf öğrencilerinin okuduğunu anlama, okuma motivasyonu ve Türkçe dersine yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişki. Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisi, 9(3), 871-888. https://doi.org/10.16916/aded.907668</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref72">
                        <label>72</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkyılmaz, M. (2023). Gençlik edebiyatı ve okuma kültürü. Pegem Akademi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref73">
                        <label>73</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wagner, C. J. (2024). Differentiating children’s reading materials with artificial intelligence: Exploring possibilities for personalized learning. The Reading Teacher, 78(3), 191-194. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.2361</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref74">
                        <label>74</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wang, J. H. Y., &amp; Guthrie, J. T. (2004). Modeling the effects of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, amount of reading, and past reading achievement on text comprehension between US and Chinese students. Reading Research Quarterly, 39(2), 162-186. https://doi.org/10.1598/RRQ.39.2.2</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref75">
                        <label>75</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wang, X., Zhong, Y., Huang, C., &amp; Huang, X. (2024). ChatPRCS: A personalized support system for English reading comprehension based on ChatGPT. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, 17, 1722-1736. https://doi.org/10.1109/TLT.2024.3405747</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref76">
                        <label>76</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Xiao, Y. (2025). The impact of AI-driven speech recognition on EFL listening comprehension, flow experience, and anxiety: A randomized controlled trial. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 12(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-04672-8</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref77">
                        <label>77</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yağcı, Ş. Ç., &amp; Yıldız, T. A. (2023). ChatGPT, yabancı dil öğrencisinin güvenilir yapay zekâ sohbet arkadaşı mıdır?. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, (37), 1315-1333. https://doi.org/10.29000/rumelide.1407539</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref78">
                        <label>78</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yıldırım, A., &amp; Şimşek, H. (2021). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Seçkin.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref79">
                        <label>79</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yıldız, M., &amp; Aktaş, N. (2015). Okuma motivasyonu ve okumaya adanmışlık ölçeği: Türkçeye uyarlama çalışması. International Journal of Human Sciences, 12(2), 1349-1365. https://doi.org/10.14687/ijhs.v12i2.3379</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref80">
                        <label>80</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yıldırım, D., &amp; Karagöl, E. (2025). Türkçe öğretmeni adaylarının gözünden yapay zekâ teknolojileri. Bayburt Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 20(46), 654-672. https://doi.org/10.35675/befdergi.1605113</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref81">
                        <label>81</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yıldırım, H. H., &amp; Yıldırım, S. (2011). Hipotez testi, güven aralığı, etki büyüklüğü ve merkezi olmayan olasılık dağılımları üzerine. Elemantary Education Online, 10(3), 112-123.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref82">
                        <label>82</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yılmaz, Ö. K., &amp; Aydın, S. (2025). The Impact of the use of artificial intelligence-generated materials on reading motivation among EFL learners. Reading Research Quarterly, 60(3), e70016. https://doi.org/10.1002/rrq.70016</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref83">
                        <label>83</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zileli, E. N. (2023). Yabancı dil olarak Türkçe öğreniminde ChatGPT örneği. Uluslararası Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 42-51. https://doi.org/10.47770/ukmead.1296013</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
