<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>lisans</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Ana Dili Eğitimi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2147-6020</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Mehmet KURUDAYIOĞLU</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Other Fields of Education</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Alan Eğitimleri</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Primary School Students&#039; Questioning Skills for Different Text Types</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>İlkokul Öğrencilerinin Farklı Metin Türlerine Yönelik Soru Sorma Becerileri</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1878-5494</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Yekeler Gökmen</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ayşe Dilek</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>GİRESUN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-5120</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Aktaş</surname>
                                    <given-names>Nurhan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>SELÇUK ÜNİVERSİTESİ, EĞİTİM FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20210726">
                    <day>07</day>
                    <month>26</month>
                    <year>2021</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>9</volume>
                                        <issue>3</issue>
                                        <fpage>726</fpage>
                                        <lpage>739</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20210122">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>22</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20210512">
                        <day>05</day>
                        <month>12</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, Journal of Mother Tongue Education</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Journal of Mother Tongue Education</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Reading means constructing new meanings in the mind. The main purpose of reading is to find meaning. Questions are extremely important in determining the extent to which comprehension, which is the ultimate goal of reading education, has been achieved. The purpose of this study is to examine the ability of primary school fourth grade students to ask questions about the narrative and informative texts they read. Within the framework of the study, an answer was sought to the question: &quot;What questions are asked by primary school students about different types of text, with regard both to the purpose of the questions and the sources of the answers to them?&quot; The study was designed as a case study type of qualitative research design. The study group consisted of 237 students in the fourth grade of primary school. During the data collection process, students were asked to read the informative and narrative texts first, and then to prepare three questions about each of the texts. The questions written by the students were analyzed descriptively according to their aims and answer sources. The results showed that the questions created by the students were more concentrated on the identity, cause-effect and definition types in the narrative text and on the identity, exemplification and description types in the informative text, according to their purposes. In relation to the answer sources, it was concluded that mostly intra-textual questions were prepared in both text types.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Okuma, metinler aracılığıyla zihinde yeni anlamlar inşa etmektir. Okumanın temel amacı anlamı bulmaktır. Okuma eğitiminin nihai hedefi olan anlamanın ne kadar gerçekleştiğinin tespitinde sorular son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı ilkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin okudukları hikâye edici ve bilgilendirici metinlere yönelik soru sorma becerilerini incelemektir. Araştırma kapsamında; “İlkokul öğrencilerinin farklı metin türlerine yönelik sordukları sorular soruluş amaçlarına ve cevap kaynaklarına göre nasıldır?” sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Araştırma, nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışması şeklinde tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu ilkokul dördüncü sınıfta öğrenim gören 237 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama sürecinde öncelikle öğrencilerden bilgilendirici ve hikâye edici metinleri okumaları ve ardından bu metinlere yönelik üçer soru hazırlamaları istenmiştir. Öğrencilerin yazmış oldukları sorular soruluş amaçlarına ve cevap kaynaklarına göre betimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Verilerin analizi sonucunda öğrencilerin oluşturdukları soruların soruluş amacına göre hikâye edici metinde kimlik, neden-sonuç ve tanımlama türünde; bilgi verici metinde ise kimlik, örneklendirme ve tanımlama türünde fazla olduğu/yoğunlaştığı görülmüştür. Cevap kaynağına göre ise her iki metin türünde büyük çoğunlukla metin içi soruların hazırlandığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Anlama</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  sorular</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  soru sorma becerisi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  ilkokul öğrencileri</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  metin türleri</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Comprehension</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  questions</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  questioning skills</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  primary school students</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  text types</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ahtee, M., Juuti, K., Lavonen, J. &amp; Suomela, L. (2011). Questions asked by primary student teachers about observations of a science demonstration. European Journal of Teacher Education, 34(3), 347-361. DOİ:10.1080/02619768.2011.565742.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyol, H. (1997). Okuma metinlerindeki soruların sınıflandırılması. Eğitim ve Bilim, 21(105), 10-16.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyol, H. (2003). Metinlerden anlam kurma. TÜBAR, XIII-Bahar, 49-58.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyol, H., Yıldırım, K., Ateş, S. ve Çetinkaya, Ç. (2013). Anlamaya yönelik nasıl sorular soruyoruz? Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1).41-56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyol, H. (2014). Programa uygun Türkçe öğretim yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akyol, H. (2020). Programa uygun Türkçe öğretim yöntemleri. Ankara: Pegem Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aslan, C. (2011). Soru sorma becerilerini geliştirmeye dönük öğretim uygulamalarının öğretmen adaylarının soru oluşturma becerilerine etkisi. Eğitim ve Bilim, 36(160). 236-249.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ateş, S., Çetinkaya, Ç. ve Yıldırım, K. (2012). How to choose a readable book. Elementary Education Online, 11(2).319-331.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ateş, S., Güray, E., Döğmeci, Y. ve Gürsoy, F. F. (2016). Öğretmen ve öğrenci sorularının gerektirdikleri zihinsel süreçler açısından karşılaştırılması/Comparison of questions of teachersandstudents in terms of level. Okuma Yazma Eğitimi Araştırmaları, 4(1).1-13.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Başaran, M. (2019). Metinler ve metinlerle ilgili anlam kurma soruları.  H. Akyol, A. Şahin (Ed.) Türkçe öğretimi içinde (s.287-311). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baysen, E. (2006). Öğretmenlerin sınıfta sordukları sorular ile öğrencilerin bu sorulara verdikleri cevapların düzeyleri. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 14, 21-28.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Chin, C. &amp; Osborne, J. (2008). Students&#039; questions: a potential resource for teaching and learning science. Studies in Science Education, 44(1), 1-39.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Coşkun, E. (2005). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin öyküleyici anlatımlarında bağdaşıklık, tutarlılık ve metin elementleri (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Davey, B. &amp; McBride, S. (1986). Generating self-questions after reading: A comprehension assist for elementary students. The Journal of Educational Research, 80(1), 43-46.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Day, R. R. &amp; Park, J. (2005). Developing reading comprehension questions. Reading in a Foreign Language. 17, 60-73.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Demir, M. Y. (2014). Bilişsel öğrenme işlemleri. D.H. Shunk, Öğrenme teorileri (M. Şahin, Çev.) içinde (s.183-233). Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dreher, M. J. &amp; Gambrell, L. B. (1985). Teaching children to use a self-questioning strategy for studying expository prose. Reading Improvement, 22, 2–7.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Erdoğan, T. (2017). İlkokul dördüncü sınıf öğrencilerinin ve öğretmenlerinin Türkçe dersine ilişkin sordukları soruların yenilenmiş Bloom taksonomisi açısından görünümü. Eğitim ve Bilim, 42(192).173-191.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Feldt, R. C., Feldt, R. A. &amp; Kilburg, K. (2002). Acquisition, maintenance, and transfer of a questioning strategy in second-and third-grade students to learn from science textbooks. Reading Psychology, 23, 181–198.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fisher, R. (2005). Teaching children to think. London: Simon and Schuster.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hervey, S. (2006). Who asks the questions? Teaching Pre-K-8, 37(1), 68-69.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hunkins, F. P. (1985). Helping students ask their own questions. Social Education, 49 (4), 293-96.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Johnston, P. (1985). Teaching students to apply strategies that improve reading comprehension. Elementary School Journal, 85, 635-644.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jones, R. C. (2008). The&quot; why&quot; of class participation: A question worth asking. College Teaching, 56(1), 59-63.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Just, M. A. &amp; Carpenter, P. A. (1980). A theory of reading: From eye fixations to comprehension. Psychological Review, 87(4), 329-355.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">King, A. &amp; Rosenshine, B. (1993). Effects of guided cooperative questioning on children’s knowledge construction. Journal of Experimental Education, 61, 127–148.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lenski, S. D. (1998). Intertextual intentions: Making connections across texts. The Clearing House, 72(2), 74-80.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Marzola, E. S. (1988). Interrogating the text: Questioning strategies designed to improve reading comprehension. Journal of Reading, Writing, and Learning Disabilities International, 4(4), 243-258.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Meb, (2019).  Türkçe dersi öğretim programı ve kılavuzu (İlkokul ve Ortaokul 1-8. Sınıflar), Ankara: MEB Talim Terbiye Kurul Başkanlığı. Erişim adresi: https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay.aspx?PID=663.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Meichenbaum, D. &amp; Asarnow, J. (2013). Cognitive-behavioral modification and metacognitive development: Implications for the classroom. In Kendall, P. C. &amp; Hollon, S. D. (Eds.), Cognitive-behavioral interventions: Theory, research, and procedures, (pp.11-35). New York: Academic Press.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Miles, M. B.  &amp; Huberman, A. (1994). Qualitative data analysis. London: Sage.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Muth, K. D. (1987). Teachers&#039; connection questions: Prompting students to organize text ideas. Journal of Reading, 31(3), 254-259.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Özkara, Y. (2007). 6+ 1 Analitik yazma ve değerlendirme modelinin 5. sınıf öğrencilerinin hikâye edici metin yazma becerilerini geliştirmeye etkisi (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Palincsar, A. S. &amp; Brown, A. L. (1984). Reciprocal teaching of comprehension-fostering and comprehension-monitoring activities. Cognition and Instruction, 2, 117–175.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pressley, M., El-Dinary, P. B., Gaskins, I., Schuder, T., Bergman, J. L., Almasi, J. &amp; Brown, R. (1992). Beyond direct explanation: Transactional instruction of reading comprehension strategies. The Elementary School Journal, 92(5), 513-555.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rakes, T. A.  &amp; Scott, S. M. (1983). Using teacher/student generated questions. memphis state univ., tn. dept. of curriculum and instruction, 1-8. to the educational resources information center. Erişim adresi: http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED239233.pdf</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Scardamalia, M. &amp; Bereiter, C. (1992). Text-based and knowledge-based questioning by children. Cognition and Instruction, 9, 177–199.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Scardamalia, M. (2002). Collective cognitive responsibility for the advancement of knowledge. Liberal Education in A Knowledge Society, 97, 67-98.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Stauffer, R. G. (1969). Teaching reading as a thinking process. New York: Harper &amp; Row, Publishers.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Taboada, A. &amp; Guthrie, J. T. (2006). Contributions of student questioning and prior knowledge to construction of knowledge from reading information text. Journal of Literacy Research, 38(1), 1-35.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Taboada, A., Tonks, S. M., Wigfield, A. &amp; Guthrie, J. T. (2009). Effects of motivational and cognitive variables on reading comprehension. Reading and Writing, 22(1), 85-106.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tompkins, G., Campbell, R., Green, D. &amp; Smith, C. (2014). Literacy for the 21st century. Australia: Pearson.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Walker, B. J. &amp; Mohr. T. (1985). The effects of ongoing self-directed questioning on silent comprehension. paper presented at the annual meeting of the reading research conference, seattle, WA. (ERIC Document Reproduction Services No. ED 262 392). Erişim adresi: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED262392.pdf.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Williams, J. P. (2005). Instruction in reading comprehension for primary-grade students a focus on text structure. The Journal of Special Education, 39(1), 6-18.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wixson, K. K. (1983). Questions about a text: What you ask about is what children learn. The Reading Teacher, 37(3), 287-293.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yıldırım, A.  ve Şimşek, H. (2003). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yıldırım, K. (2012). Öğretmenlerin öğrencilerin okuduğunu anlama becerilerini değerlendirmede kullanabilecekleri bir sistem: Barrett Taksonomisi.  Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 9(18), 45-58.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Young, T. A. &amp; Daines, D. (1992). Students’predıctıve questıons and teachers’prequestıons about exposıtory text ın grades k‐5. Reading Psychology: An International Quarterly, 13(4), 291-308.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
