OBEZİTE AŞISI

Year 2018, Volume: 51 Issue: 1, 70 - 76, 30.03.2018

Gül Gürsoy , Eray Atalay

Abstract

Obezite
çağımızın önemli halk sağlığı problemlerinden biri olup tedavi opsiyonları
oldukça sınırlıdır. Son zamanlarda bu heyecan verici araştırma sahasında bazı
tedavi hedefleri ortaya çıkmaya başlamıştır. Ufuktaki enteresan stratejilerden
biri, aşıların kullanımı sayesinde enerji dengesinin regülasyonu ile ilgili
moleküler faktörlere yönelik çalışmalardır.

Gıda
alımını azaltmak, enerji kullanımını arttırmak, negatif enerji dengesini
sağlamak ve kilo kaybına yol açmak açılarından etkili olabilecek alternatif
obezite tedavileri arasında oreksijenik bir hormon olan ghrelin değişik
nötralizasyon yöntemlerinin ortaya atılması ile dikkat çekmektedir. Ne yazık ki
bir anti-obezite ajanı olarak insan ve hayvanlarda ghrelin aşısının kullanımı halen
beklentilerimizi karşılamış değildir. ghrelinin gıda tüketilmesi
regülasyonundaki rolü bazal iştah ve gıda alımını sağlamaktan çok, açlık ve
düşük enerji üretimine adaptif davranış cevabını kapsar. Çoğu obez hastada ghrelin
seviyesi yüksek değildir. Sonuçta diet bağlantılı ghrelin artışı olmayan bir
durumda, bir aşının etkili olmasını beklemek çok akıllıca gibi durmamaktadır. Bu
çeşit terapötik yaklaşımlardan faydalanabilecek hastalar ghrelin seviyelerinin
yüksek saptandığı Prader-Willi sendromuna sahip olanlar olabilir.

Ghrelin
dışında adipöz doku antijenleri, somatostatin, glukoz bağımlı insülinotropik
polipeptid, adenovirüs tip 36, p62 gibi hedefler ve aP2 kullanılarak denenen
obezite aşıları üzerinde halen çalışılmaktadır, ama umut vaad edici sonuçlara
henüz ulaşılamamıştır.

Sonuç
olarak obezite tedavisinde sadece tek bir sinyal yolunun antagonize edilmesinin
enerji homeostazisinde ve vücut kilosunun regülasyonunda efektif olamayabileceğini,
muhtemelen multipl yolların inhibe edilmesinin gerekebileceğini düşünüyoruz.    

Keywords

Obezite

References

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