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ETIOLOGICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAUMA PATIENTS EVALUATED BY PLASTIC SURGERY

Year 2025, Volume: 58 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 04.05.2025
https://doi.org/10.20492/aeahtd.1496142

Abstract

Aim: Plastic reconstructive and aesthetic surgery is one of the important areas in the evaluation and treatment of trauma patients. The increase in work accidents, the increase in falls due to the aging of the society, and the increase in the frequency of use of daily machines and tools increase the incidence of trauma. The aim of this study is to reveal the demographic and etiological characteristics of trauma patients and to emphasize the importance of plastic surgery in trauma treatment.
Method: In this study, emergency patients evaluated by plastic surgeons during a 2-year period between November 2018 and November 2020 were retrospectively examined. The age and gender characteristics of the patients were recorded. Age groups are divided into under 18 years of age, pediatric age group and above adult age group. Then, clinically, the patients were divided into two groups: hand and upper extremity traumas and maxillofacial traumas (MFT). Patients in these groups are divided etiologically into home accidents, work accidents, falls, traffic accidents and violence etiology.
Results: A total of 3278 patients were included in the study. 1327 of these patients were in the adult (898 men, 429 women) age group and 1951 were in the pediatric age group (1290 men, 661 women). 1253 patients (38.2%) presented with hand and upper extremity trauma, and 2025 patients (61.8%) presented with MFT. Male patients had a higher rate of applying to the emergency department after trauma. Among all patients, 1156 (35.3%) home accidents, 1157 (35.3%) falls, 402 (12.2%) work accidents, 318 (9.7%) traffic accidents and 245 (7.5%) violence etiologies were detected. While hand and upper extremity accidents are more common in the adult age group, work accidents constitute the majority of this group. Since aesthetic and functional concerns are greater in the pediatric age group, even simple lacerations in the facial area are evaluated by plastic surgery, and MFT is more common in this group. The etiology of violence was frequently seen in adult male patients.
Conclusion: Trauma patients constitute a large portion of plastic surgery emergencies. Examination and detailed anamnesis of these patients are important in elucidating the etiology. Male individuals are evaluated more after trauma. In the adult age group, work accidents and hand injuries are more common in men, while home accidents are more common in women. MFT is seen more frequently in pediatric patients.

Key Words: Trauma, violence, hand and upper extremity injuries, maxillofacial trauma

References

  • 1. Karşıdağ SH, Özkaya Ö, Uğurlu K, Baş L. The practice of plastic surgery in emergency trauma surgery: a retrospective glance at 10,732 patients. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Dergisi. 2011;17(1):33-40.
  • 2. Peterson SL, Moore EE. The integral role of the plastic surgeon at a level I trauma center. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;112(5):1371-1375.
  • 3. Lee KH. Interpersonal violence and facial fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67(9):1878-1883.
  • 4. Ihekire O, Salawu SAI, Opadele T. Causes of hand injuries in a developing country. Can J Surg. 2010;53(3):161.
  • 5. Nieminen S, Nurmi M, Isberg U. Hand injuries in Finland. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1981;15(1):57-60.
  • 6. Aksoy E, Ünlü E, Sensöz Ö. A retrospective study on epidemiology and treatment of maxillofacial fractures. J Craniofac Surg. 2002;13(6):772-775.
  • 7. Zerfowski M, Bremerich A. Facial trauma in children and adolescents. Clin Oral Investig. 1998;2:120-124.
  • 8. van den Bergh B, Karagozoglu KH, Heymans MW, Forouzanfar T. Aetiology and incidence of maxillofacial trauma in Amsterdam: a retrospective analysis of 579 patients. J Cranio- Maxillofacial Surg. 2012;40(6):e165-e169.
  • 9. Boffano P, Roccia F, Zavattero E, et al. European Maxillofacial Trauma (EURMAT) project: a multicentre and prospective study. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg. 2015;43(1):62-70.
  • 10. Mijiti A, Ling W, Tuerdi M, et al. Epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures treated at a university hospital, Xinjiang, China: a 5-year retrospective study. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg. 2014;42(3):227-233.
  • 11. Lee JH, Cho BK, Park WJ. A 4-year retrospective study of facial fractures on Jeju, Korea. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg. 2010;38(3):192-196.
  • 12. Al Ahmed HE, Jaber MA, Fanas SHA, Karas M. The pattern of maxillofacial fractures in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates: a review of 230 cases. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology. 2004;98(2):166-170.
  • 13. Shankar AN, Shankar VN, Hegde N, Prasad R. The pattern of the maxillofacial fractures--A multicentre retrospective study. J cranio-maxillofacial Surg. 2012;40(8):675-679.
  • 14. Kelley P, Crawford M, Higuera S, Hollier LH. Two hundred ninety-four consecutive facial fractures in an urban trauma center: lessons learned. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;116(3):42e-49e.
  • 15. Grivna M, Eid HO, Abu-Zidan FM. Epidemiology of isolated hand injuries in the United Arab Emirates. World J Orthop. 2016;7(9):570.
  • 16. Ljungberg E, Rosberg H, Dahlin LB. Hand injuries in young children. J Hand Surg Am. 2003;28(4):376-380.
  • 17. Trybus M, Lorkowski J, Brongel L, Hľadki W. Causes and consequences of hand injuries. Am J Surg. 2006;192(1):52-57.
  • 18. Larsen CF, Mulder S, Johansen AMT, Stam C. The epidemiology of hand injuries in The Netherlands and Denmark. Eur J Epidemiol. 2004;19:323-327.
  • 19. Rosberg H, Dahlin LB. Epidemiology of hand injuries in a middle sized city in southern Sweden: a retrospective comparison of 1989 and 1997. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg hand Surg. 2004;38(6):347-355.
  • 20. Packer GJ, Shaheen MA. Patterns of hand fractures and dislocations in a district general hospital. J Hand Surg Br Eur Vol. 1993;18(4):511-514.
  • 21. Krug EG, Mercy JA, Dahlberg LL, Zwi AB. The world report on violence and health. Lancet. 2002;360(9339):1083-1088.
  • 22. World Health Organization. Alcohol and interpersonal violence: Policy briefing. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen. 2005. http://www.who.int/violenceprevention/ publications/policy_briefing_alcohol_andinterpersonal_ violence.pdf

PLASTİK CERRAHİ TARAFINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLEN TRAVMA HASTALARININ ETİYOLOJİK VE DEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİ

Year 2025, Volume: 58 Issue: 1, 1 - 6, 04.05.2025
https://doi.org/10.20492/aeahtd.1496142

Abstract

Amaç: Plastik rekonstrüktif ve estetik cerrahi travma hastalarının değerlendirilmesi ve tedavisinde önemli alanların başında gelir. İş kazalarının artışı, toplumun yaşlanması ile düşmelerin artışı ve günlük kullanıma giren makine ve aletlerin kullanım sıklığının artması travma insidansını arttırmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı travma hastalarının demografik ve etiyolojik özelliklerini ortaya koymak ve plastik cerrahinin travma tedavisinde önemini vurgulamaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntem:Bu çalışmada 2018 kasım-2020 kasım arasında 2 yıllık süreçte plastik cerrahi tarafından değerlendirilen acil hastaları retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Hastaların yaş ve cinsiyet özellikleri kaydedilmiştir. Yaş grubu olarak 18 yaş altı pediatrik yaş grubu ve üstü erişkin yaş grubu olarak ayrılmıştır. Daha sonra klinik olarak hastalar el ve üst ekstremite travmaları ile maksillofasiyal travmalar (MFT) olarak ikiye ayrılmıştır. Daha sonra gruplardaki hastalar etiyolojik olarak ev kazaları, iş kazaları, düşmeler, trafik kazaları ve şiddet etiyolojisi olarak ayrılmıştır.
Bulgular: Toplamda 3278 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bu hastaların 1327’si erişkin (898 erkek, 429 kadın) ve 1951’i pediatrik (1290 erkek,661 kadın) yaş grubundaydı. 1253 hasta (%38.2) el ve üst ekstremite travması, 2025 hasta (%61.8) MFT ile başvurdu. Erkek hastaların travma sonrasında acil servise başvurma oranı daha yüksek görüldü. Tüm hastalar içerisinde 1156 (%35.3) ev kazası, 1157 (%35.3) düşme, 402(%12.2) iş kazası, 318 (%9.7) trafik kazası ve 245 (%7.5) şiddet etiyolojisi saptandı.El ve üst ekstremite kazaları erişkin yaş grubunda daha sık görülürken, iş kazaları bu grubun büyük kısmını oluşturmaktadır. Çocuk yaş grubunda estetik ve fonksiyonel kaygıların daha fazla olması sebebiyle yüz bölgesindeki basit laserasyonlar bile plastik cerrahi tarafından değerlendirildiğinden bu grupta MFT daha sık görülmektedir. Şiddet etiyolojisi sıklıkla erişkin yaş erkek hastalarda görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Travma hastaları plastik cerrahi acillerinin büyük bir kısmını oluşturur. Bu hastaların muayenesi ve ayrıntılı anamnezleri etiyolojiyi aydınlatmakta önemlidir. Erkek bireyler travma sonrasında daha fazla değerlendirilmektedir. Erişkin yaş grubunda iş kazaları el yaralanmalarında erkeklerde daha sıkken, kadınlarda ev kazaları sık görülmektedir. MFT daha sık çocuk hastalarda görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Travma, şiddet, el ve üst ekstremite yaralanmaları, maksillofasiyal travma

References

  • 1. Karşıdağ SH, Özkaya Ö, Uğurlu K, Baş L. The practice of plastic surgery in emergency trauma surgery: a retrospective glance at 10,732 patients. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Dergisi. 2011;17(1):33-40.
  • 2. Peterson SL, Moore EE. The integral role of the plastic surgeon at a level I trauma center. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2003;112(5):1371-1375.
  • 3. Lee KH. Interpersonal violence and facial fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009;67(9):1878-1883.
  • 4. Ihekire O, Salawu SAI, Opadele T. Causes of hand injuries in a developing country. Can J Surg. 2010;53(3):161.
  • 5. Nieminen S, Nurmi M, Isberg U. Hand injuries in Finland. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg. 1981;15(1):57-60.
  • 6. Aksoy E, Ünlü E, Sensöz Ö. A retrospective study on epidemiology and treatment of maxillofacial fractures. J Craniofac Surg. 2002;13(6):772-775.
  • 7. Zerfowski M, Bremerich A. Facial trauma in children and adolescents. Clin Oral Investig. 1998;2:120-124.
  • 8. van den Bergh B, Karagozoglu KH, Heymans MW, Forouzanfar T. Aetiology and incidence of maxillofacial trauma in Amsterdam: a retrospective analysis of 579 patients. J Cranio- Maxillofacial Surg. 2012;40(6):e165-e169.
  • 9. Boffano P, Roccia F, Zavattero E, et al. European Maxillofacial Trauma (EURMAT) project: a multicentre and prospective study. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg. 2015;43(1):62-70.
  • 10. Mijiti A, Ling W, Tuerdi M, et al. Epidemiological analysis of maxillofacial fractures treated at a university hospital, Xinjiang, China: a 5-year retrospective study. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg. 2014;42(3):227-233.
  • 11. Lee JH, Cho BK, Park WJ. A 4-year retrospective study of facial fractures on Jeju, Korea. J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg. 2010;38(3):192-196.
  • 12. Al Ahmed HE, Jaber MA, Fanas SHA, Karas M. The pattern of maxillofacial fractures in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates: a review of 230 cases. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology. 2004;98(2):166-170.
  • 13. Shankar AN, Shankar VN, Hegde N, Prasad R. The pattern of the maxillofacial fractures--A multicentre retrospective study. J cranio-maxillofacial Surg. 2012;40(8):675-679.
  • 14. Kelley P, Crawford M, Higuera S, Hollier LH. Two hundred ninety-four consecutive facial fractures in an urban trauma center: lessons learned. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005;116(3):42e-49e.
  • 15. Grivna M, Eid HO, Abu-Zidan FM. Epidemiology of isolated hand injuries in the United Arab Emirates. World J Orthop. 2016;7(9):570.
  • 16. Ljungberg E, Rosberg H, Dahlin LB. Hand injuries in young children. J Hand Surg Am. 2003;28(4):376-380.
  • 17. Trybus M, Lorkowski J, Brongel L, Hľadki W. Causes and consequences of hand injuries. Am J Surg. 2006;192(1):52-57.
  • 18. Larsen CF, Mulder S, Johansen AMT, Stam C. The epidemiology of hand injuries in The Netherlands and Denmark. Eur J Epidemiol. 2004;19:323-327.
  • 19. Rosberg H, Dahlin LB. Epidemiology of hand injuries in a middle sized city in southern Sweden: a retrospective comparison of 1989 and 1997. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg hand Surg. 2004;38(6):347-355.
  • 20. Packer GJ, Shaheen MA. Patterns of hand fractures and dislocations in a district general hospital. J Hand Surg Br Eur Vol. 1993;18(4):511-514.
  • 21. Krug EG, Mercy JA, Dahlberg LL, Zwi AB. The world report on violence and health. Lancet. 2002;360(9339):1083-1088.
  • 22. World Health Organization. Alcohol and interpersonal violence: Policy briefing. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen. 2005. http://www.who.int/violenceprevention/ publications/policy_briefing_alcohol_andinterpersonal_ violence.pdf
There are 22 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Facial Plastic Surgery, Hand Surgery, Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery
Journal Section Original research article
Authors

Süleyman Yıldızdal 0000-0001-8068-5430

Güven Ozan Kaplan 0000-0003-1167-269X

Mert Çalış 0000-0001-9907-2220

Hakan Uzun 0000-0002-7584-3833

Figen Özgür This is me 0000-0002-4922-6348

Publication Date May 4, 2025
Submission Date June 5, 2024
Acceptance Date December 18, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 58 Issue: 1

Cite

AMA Yıldızdal S, Kaplan GO, Çalış M, Uzun H, Özgür F. ETIOLOGICAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF TRAUMA PATIENTS EVALUATED BY PLASTIC SURGERY. Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıp Dergisi. May 2025;58(1):1-6. doi:10.20492/aeahtd.1496142