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Tarım arazileri ve farklı yaşlardaki sarıçam meşçerelerinde (Pinus sylvestris L.) toprak organik karbon ve azot stoklarının değişimi

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 19 - 26, 27.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.59751/agacorman.1276573

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Kastamonu ili İnebolu ilçesinde yayılış gösteren sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris L.) meşcereleri ve bitişiği tarım arazilerinde ölü örtü miktarı, toprak organik karbon (TOK) ve toplam azot (TA) stokları üzerinde farklı arazi kullanım şeklinin etkisi araştırılmıştır. Farklı yaşlardaki sarıçam meşcereleri (18- ve 30-yaş) ile en az 40 yıldır orman arazisinden tarım arazisine dönüştürülmüş alanlardan örnekleme yapılmıştır. Toprak örnekleri 5 farklı toprak derinlik kademesinden alınmış ve toprak örneklerinin pH’ı, hacim ağırlığı, alınabilir fosfor, yarayışlı potasyum, organik madde, toprak tekstürü, TOK ve TA miktarları belirlenmiştir. Toplam TOK ve TA stokları ise toprak derinliği, hacim ağırlığı, karbon ve azot miktarı çarpılarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlar, farklı yaşlarda sarıçam meşcereleri ve tarım arazileri arasında ölü örtü miktarı, TOK ve TA stokları arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir. Genel olarak, 30 yaşındaki sarıçam meşceresinde TOK stoku en düşük belirlenirken (86.60 t C ha-1), bunu sırasıyla tarım alanı (93.70 t ha-1), ve 18 yaşındaki sarıçam meşceresi (115.0 t ha-1) takip etmiştir. Benzer şekilde, TA stoku ise en fazla 18 yaşındaki sarıçam meşceresinde (7.86 t ha-1), en düşük 30 yaşındaki sarıçam meşceresinde (5.74 t ha-1) tespit edilmiştir. Tarım arazilerinde ölü miktarı en düşük iken, sarıçam meşcerelerinde yaşa bağlı olarak orman katmanında biriken ölü örtü miktarı artış göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak, ölü örtü miktarı, TOK ve TA stokları üzerinde farklı arazi kullanım durumu ile toprak derinlik kademelerinin önemli derecede etkisi olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Bu nedenle, ölü örtü miktarı, TOK ve TA stokları ile ilgili gelecekteki araştırmalarda arazi kullanım türü de dikkate alınmalı ve daha detaylı çalışmalar yürütülmelidir.

Supporting Institution

Kastamonu Üniversitesi, Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü

Project Number

KUBAP03/2015-1

References

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  • Johnson, D.W., Curtis, P.S., 2001. Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage: meta analysis. Forest Ecology and Management, 140(2):227-238.
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Variation in Soil Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Stocks under Agricultural Fields and Different Stand Age of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 19 - 26, 27.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.59751/agacorman.1276573

Abstract

In this study, the effect of different land use type on the amount of litter, soil organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TA) stocks in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands and adjacent agricultural lands in the Inebolu district of Kastamonu province of the Black Sea Region were investigated. Samplings were carried out from Scots pine stands of different ages (18- and 30-) and adjacent agricultural lands which were converted from forest land at least 40 year ago. Mineral soil samples were taken from 5 different soil depths (0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm, 15-20 cm and 20-30 cm) and analysed for pH, bulk density, available phosphorus, available potassium, soil texture, organic matter, organic carbon and total nitrogen contents. Total soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks were calculated by multiplying soil depth, bulk density, soil organic carbon and nitrogen contents. The results showed that there were significant differences in soil surface litter, TOC and TN stocks between the Scots pine stands and agricultural lands. In general, the lowest organic carbon stock was found in the 30-year-old Scots pine stand (86.60 t C ha-1), followed by agricultural land (93.70 t C ha-1), and 18-year-old Scots pine stand (115.0 t C ha-1). Similarly, total nitrogen stock was highest in the 18-year-old Scots pine stand (7.86 t N ha-1), while the lowest in the 30-year-old Scots pine stand (5.74 t N ha-1). The amount of litter was the lowest in the agricultural lands. The amount of litter on the forest floor increased with increasing stand age. As a result, it has been shown that different land use types and soil depths can have a significant influence on forest floor litter, soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks. So, in future studies, the land use types should also take into account to determine the litter amount, TOC and TN stocks and more detailed studies are in need.

Project Number

KUBAP03/2015-1

References

  • Akbaş, B., Akdeniz, N., Aksay, A., Altun, İ.E., …&…Yurtsever, A. vd., 2011. 1:1.250 000 ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritası. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü Yayını, Ankara-Türkiye.
  • Albrektson, A., 1988. Needle litterfall in stands of Pinus sylvestris L. in Sweden, in relation to site quality, stand age and latitude. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 3(1-4), 333-342. Atalay, İ., 2006. Toprak Oluşumu, Sınıflandırılması ve Coğrafyası. 3. Baskı, Ağaçlandırma ve Erozyon Kontrolü Genel Müdürlüğü Yayını.
  • Augusto, L., Bakker, M.R., Morel, C., Meredieu, C., Trichet, P., Badeau, V., ... & Ranger, J. 2010. Is ‘grey literature’a reliable source of data to characterize soils at the scale of a region? A case study in a maritime pine forest in southwestern France. European Journal of Soil Science, 61(6), 807-822.
  • Binkley, D., 1986. Forest Nutrition Management. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Blake, G.R., Hartge, K.H., 1986. Bulk density 1. Methods of soil analysis: part 1-physical and mineralogical methods, (methodsofsoilan1), 363-375.
  • Bolin, B., Sukumar, R., 2000. Global Perspective. In: Watson, R.T., Noble, I.R., Bolin, B., Ravindranath, N.H., Verardo, D.J., Dokken, D.J. (Eds.), Land use, Land-use Change, and Forestry. Special Report of the IPCC. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, Pp. 23–51.
  • Bouyoucos, G.J., 1962. Hydrometer method improved for making particle size analyses of soils 1. Agronomy Journal, 54(5):464-465.
  • Bray, R.H., Kurtz, L.T., 1945. Determination of total, organic and available forms phosphorus in soils. Soil Science, 59:45-49.
  • Bruun, T.B., Elberling, B., de Neergaard, A., Magid, J., 2015. Organic carbon dynamics in different soil types after conversion of forest to agriculture. Land Degradation & Development, 26(3):272-283.
  • Çepel, N., 1977. Türkiye'nin önemli yetişme bölgelerindeki saf sarıçam ormanlarının gelişimi ile bazı edafik ve fizyografik etkenler arasındaki ilişkiler. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 26(2):25-64. Çepel, N., 1996. Toprak İlmi Ders Kitabı -Orman topraklarının karakteristikleri, toprakların oluşumu, özellikleri ve ekolojik bakımdan değerlendirilmesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayın No, 3945, Orman Fakültesi Yayın No, 438, İstanbul.
  • Çepel, N., Dündar, M., Özdemir, T., Neyişçi, T., 1988. Kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) ekosistemlerinde iğne yaprak dökümü ve bu yolla toprağa verilen besin maddeleri miktarları, Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları.
  • de Moraes, J.F.L., Volkoff, B., Cerri, C.C., Bernoux, M., 1996. Soil properties under Amazon forest and changes due to pasture installation in Rondonia, Brazil. Geoderma 70: 63-81.
  • Deng, L., Zhu, G.Y., Tang, Z.S., Shangguan, Z.P., 2016. Global patterns of the effects of land-use changes on soil carbon stocks. Global Ecology and Conservation, 5: 127–138.
  • Desjardins, T., Barros, E., Sarrazin, M., Girardin, C., Mariotti, A., 2004. Effects of forest conversion to pasture on soil carbon content and dynamics in Brazilian Amazonia. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 103(2):365-373.
  • Díaz-Pinés, E., Rubio, A., Van Miegroet, H., Montes, F., Benito, M., 2011. Does tree species composition control soil organic carbon pools in Mediterranean mountain forests?. Forest Ecology and Management, 262(10):1895-1904.
  • DMİ, 2016. Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Gn. Md., Kastamonu Meteoroloji İl Müdürlüğü, Kastamonu ve İnebolu Meteoroloji İstasyonu Verileri, 1960- 2015. Kastamonu.
  • Durán Zuazo, V.H., Rodriguez Pleguezuelo, C.R., Cuadros Tavira, S., Francia Martínez, J.R., 2014. Linking soil organic carbon stocks to land-use types in a mediterranean agroforestry landscape. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 16(3):667-679.
  • Erickson, H., Keller, M., Davidson, E.A., 2001. Nitrogen oxide fluxes and nitrogen cycling during postagricultural succession and forest fertilization in the humid tropics. Ecosystems, 4:64-84.
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), 2015. Major Soil Groups of the World (FGGD) (GeoLayer).
  • FAO 1998. World Reference Base for Soil Resources, by ISSS–ISRIC–FAO.
  • Fearnside, P.M., Barbosa, R.I., 1998. Soil carbon changes from conversion of forest to pasture in Brazilian Amazonia. Forest Ecology and Management, 108 (1-2):147-166. Grünzweig, J.M., Sparrow, S.D., Yakır, D., Chapin, F.S., 2004. Impact of agricultural land-use change on carbon storage in Boreal Alaska. Global Change Biology 10(4):452-472.
  • Güner, Ş.T., 2006. Türkmen Dağı (Eskişehir, Kütahya) Sarıçam (Pinus sylvestris ssp. hamata) ormanlarının yükseltiye bağlı büyüme beslenme ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi. Doktora tezi, Eskişehir.
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  • IPCC, 2013. Summary for Policymakers. in: Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Stocker, T.F., D. Qin, G.K. Plattner, M. Tignor, S.K. Allen, J. Boschung, A. Nauels, Y. Xia, V. Bex and P.M. Midgley (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York.
  • IUSS Working Group, 2014. World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014 International Soil Classification System for Naming Soils and Creating Legends for Soil Maps. FAO, Rome.
  • Jackson, M.L., 1962. Soil Chemical Analysis. (Constable and Company, Ltd: London).
  • John, B., Yamashita, T., Ludwig, B., Flessa, H., 2005. Storage of organic carbon in aggregate and density fractions of silty soils under different types of land use. Geoderma, 128:63-79.
  • Johnson, D.W., Curtis, P.S., 2001. Effects of forest management on soil C and N storage: meta analysis. Forest Ecology and Management, 140(2):227-238.
  • Kantarcı, M., 2000. Toprak İlmi. İstanbul Ün. Orman Fak. Yayınları No:462, s:420, İstanbul.
  • Knudsen, D., Peterson, G.A., Pratt, P.F. 1982. Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties, (methodsofsoilan2), Pp. 225-246.
  • Köhler, L., Hölscher, D., Leuschner, C., 2008. High litterfall in old-growth and secondary upper montane forest of Costa Rica. Plant Ecology, 199(2):163-173. Koolen, A. J., & Kuipers, H., (1983). Agricultural soil mechanics. Springer.
  • Landsberg, J.J., Gower, S.T., 1997. Applications of Physiological Ecology to Forest Management. Elsevier.
  • Lee, J., Hopmans, J.W., Rolston, D.E., Baer, S.G., Six, J., 2009. Determining soil carbon stock changes: simple bulk density corrections fail. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 134(3-4):251-256.
  • Makineci, E., 1999. Araştırma ormanındaki baltalıkların koruya dönüştürülmesi işlemlerinin ölü örtü ve topraktaki azot değişimine etkileri, Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi, 213s.
  • McGrath, D.A., Smith, C.K., Gholz, H.L., de Assis Oliveira, F., 2001. Effects of land-use change on soil nutrient dynamics in Amazonia. Ecosystems, 4(7):625-645.
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There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Forest Industry Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Gamze Savacı 0000-0003-4685-2797

Temel Sarıyıldız 0000-0003-3451-3229

Project Number KUBAP03/2015-1
Early Pub Date June 21, 2023
Publication Date June 27, 2023
Acceptance Date June 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Savacı, G., & Sarıyıldız, T. (2023). Tarım arazileri ve farklı yaşlardaki sarıçam meşçerelerinde (Pinus sylvestris L.) toprak organik karbon ve azot stoklarının değişimi. Ağaç Ve Orman, 4(1), 19-26. https://doi.org/10.59751/agacorman.1276573