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Frequency of diabetes mellitus in chronic hepatitis B patients and its impact on liver fibrosis

Year 2010, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 22 - 26, 01.04.2010

Abstract

Background and Aims: Epidemiological data indicate that diabetes mellitus is seen frequently in chronic hepatitis patients and is associated with increased fibrosis, particularly in fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis C patients. This study was performed to determine the frequency of diabetes mellitus among patients with chronic hepatitis B and to demonstrate the association of high serum glucose with biopsyproven liver fibrosis and Histologic Activity Index. Materials and Methods: A group of 138 patients who had undergone liver biopsy for chronic hepatitis B between 2006 and 2008 were evaluated. In all cases, hepatitis markers, hepatitis B virus DNA level, complete blood count, serum fasting glucose, and basic biochemical tests were performed. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed when fasting serum glucose was >126 mg/dl on two measurements or glucose level >200 mg/dl at the 2nd hour of oral glucose tolerance test or when there was a positive disease history. Histopathology of the liver was assessed by the Knodell classification. Results: Of 138 patients who underwent liver biopsy for chronic hepatitis B infection, 18 had diabetes mellitus. When the chronic hepatitis B patients with and without diabetes mellitus were compared, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of ALT, AST, total bilirubin, LDH, ALP, GGT, total protein, PT, creatinine, WBC, Hct, Hb, HBsAg titer, HBV DNA level, and Histologic Activity Index. However, chronic hepatitis B patients with diabetes mellitus had significantly higher levels of fibrosis (2.61±0.94 and 2.15±1.01 respectively, p=0.032) with lower levels of albumin (3.9±0.7 and 4.2±0.5 respectively, p=0.035) and platelets (174500±68900 and 207240±67875, respectively, p=0.029). Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus is frequently seen amongst the patients with chronic hepatitis B and has a negative effect on liver histology. Higher fibrosis score and lower albumin levels and platelet counts of chronic hepatitis B patients with diabetes mellitus indicate a more severe form of liver disease. Screening for high blood glucose and close follow-up of patients are important to prevent diabetes mellitus-associated complications.

References

  • M›st›k R, Bal›k ‹. Türkiye’de Viral Hepatitlerin Epidemiolojik Analizi. Tekeli E, Bal›k ‹. (Eds), Viral Hepatit. Viral Hepatitle Savafl›m Derne- ¤i, ‹stanbul 2003: 9-55.
  • Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and clasification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Provisional Report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med 1998; 15: 539-53.
  • Skyler JS. Diabeteic complications: The importance of glucose control. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1996; 25: 243-54.
  • Han SH, Martin P. Diabetes mellitus: a predictor of cirrhosis in chronic viral hepatitis. J Clin Gastroenterl 2000; 30: 227-28.
  • Petrides AS, Vogt C, Schulze-Berge D, Matthews D, Strohmeyer G. Pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1994;19: 616-27.
  • James OF, Day CP. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a disease of emerging identity and importance. J Hepatol 1998; 29: 495-01.
  • Mason AL, Lau JY, Hoang N et al. Association of diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology 1999; 75: 355-59.
  • Satman I, Y›lmaz T, Sengul A et al. Population based study of diabetes and risk characteristics in Turkey: results of the Turkish diabetes epidemiology study (TURDEP). Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 1551-56.
  • Zein NN, Abdulkarim AS,Wiesner RH, et al. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with end-stage liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C, alcohol or cholestatic disease. J Hepatol 2000; 32: 209-17.
  • El-Srag HB, Tran T, Everhart JE. Diabetes increases the risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2004;126: 460-68.
  • Clark JM, Brancati EL, Diehl AM. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 1649-57.
  • Paradis V, Perlemuter G, Bonvoust F et al. High glucose and hyperinsulinemia stimulate connective tissue growth factor expression: a potensial mechanism involved in progression to fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2001; 34: 738-44.
  • Friedman SL. The cellular basis of hepatic fibrosis: mechanisms and treatment strategies. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1828–35.
  • Poynard T, Bedossa P, Opolon P, for the OBSVIRC, METAVIR, CLINIVIR and DOSVIRC groups. Natural history of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Lancet 1997;349: 825–32.
  • Corrao G, Ferrari P, Zambon A, et al. Trends of liver cirrhosis mortality in Europe, 1970–1989: age–period–cohort analysis and changing alcohol consumption. Int J Epidemiol 1997; 26: 100–9.
  • Liaw YF, Tai DI, Chu CM, Chen TJ. The development of cirrhosis in patients with chronic type B hepatitis: a prospective study. Hepatology 1988; 8: 493–96.
  • Lai CL, Chien RN, Leung N, et al. Lamivudine therapy for chronic hepatitis B: a 12 month doubleblind, placebo-controlled multicentre study. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 61–8.
  • Leifman H, Romelsjo A. The effect of changes in alcohol consumption on mortality and admissions with alcohol-related diagnoses in Stockholm County. A time series analysis. Addiction 1997; 92:1523–36.
  • Corpechot C, Carrat F, Bonnand AM, et al. The effect of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy on liver fibrosis progression in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2000; 32:1196–99.

Kronik viral Hepatit B tanısı olan hastalarda Diabetes Mellitus sıklığı ve karaciğer fibrozu üzerine etkisi

Year 2010, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 22 - 26, 01.04.2010

Abstract

Giriş: Diabetes mellitus'un kronik hepatit hastalarında daha sık görüldüğü, özellikle karaciğer yağlanması ve hepatit C enfeksiyonunda fibrozisi arttırdığı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Fırat Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Gastroenteroloji Kliniği'nde takip edilmekte olan kronik hepatit B hepatiti tanısı olan hastalarda diabetes mellitusun sıklığı ile karaciğer biyopsisinde saptanan fibrozis skoru ve histolojik aktivite indeksi üzerine etkisini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Materyal-Metod: Fırat Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Gastroenteroloji Kliniği'nde 2006-2008 yılları arasında kronik viral hepatit B tanısı ile takip edilen ve karaciğer biyopsisi yapılan 138 hasta değerlendirildi. Tüm hastalarda hepatit belirteçleri, HBV DNA düzeyi, tam kan sayımı, glukoz ve biyokimya tetkikleri çalışıldı. Diabetes mellitus tanısı 2 defadan fazla açlık glukoz değerinin 126 mg/ dl'den yüksek olması; OGTT'de 2. saat glukoz değerinin > 200mg/dl olması veya hasta öyküsü ile konuldu. Karaciğer histolopatolojisi histolojik aktivite indeksi ve fibrozis yönünden Knodell sınıflamasına göre değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Kronik HBV nedeni ile karaciğer biyopsisi yapılan 138 hastanın 18'inde (%13) Diabetes mellitus tanısı mevcuttu. Diabetes mellitus tanısı olan kronik HBV hastaları ile diabetes mellitus tanısı olmayan HBV hastaları arasında ALT, AST, Tbil, LDH, ALP, GGT, Tprot, kre, lökosit, Hb, Hct, PTZ, HbsAg titresi, HBV DNA düzeyi ve histolojik aktivite indeksi açısından anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Bununla birlikte diabetes mellitus tanısı olan kronik HBV hastalarının diabetes mellitus tanısı olmayan HBV hastlarına göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olarak yüksek fibrozis skoruna (sırasıyla 2.61±0.94 ile 2.15±1.01, p=0.032), düşük albumin düzeyine (sırasıyla 3.9±0.7 ile 4.2±0.5, p=0.035) ve düşük plt değerlerine (sırasıyla 174500±68900 ile 207240±67875, p=0.029) sahip oldukları görüldü. Sonuçlar: Diabetes mellitus, kronik HBV enfeksiyonu olan hastalarda sıklıkla saptanmakta ve karaciğer üzerinde olumsuz etkiye sahip görünmektedir. Diabetes mellitus tanısı olan kronik viral hepatit B hastalarında saptanan yüksek fibrozis skoru, düşük albumin ve plt değerleri, HBV enfeksiyonunun etkilenen kişilerde daha ağır seyrettiği yönünde önemli bulgulardır. Diabetes mellitus tanısı olan kronik HBV hastalarının daha yakından takip edilmesinin faydalı olacağını düşününmekteyiz.

References

  • M›st›k R, Bal›k ‹. Türkiye’de Viral Hepatitlerin Epidemiolojik Analizi. Tekeli E, Bal›k ‹. (Eds), Viral Hepatit. Viral Hepatitle Savafl›m Derne- ¤i, ‹stanbul 2003: 9-55.
  • Alberti KG, Zimmet PZ. Definition, diagnosis and clasification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Provisional Report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med 1998; 15: 539-53.
  • Skyler JS. Diabeteic complications: The importance of glucose control. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 1996; 25: 243-54.
  • Han SH, Martin P. Diabetes mellitus: a predictor of cirrhosis in chronic viral hepatitis. J Clin Gastroenterl 2000; 30: 227-28.
  • Petrides AS, Vogt C, Schulze-Berge D, Matthews D, Strohmeyer G. Pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus in cirrhosis. Hepatology 1994;19: 616-27.
  • James OF, Day CP. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH): a disease of emerging identity and importance. J Hepatol 1998; 29: 495-01.
  • Mason AL, Lau JY, Hoang N et al. Association of diabetes mellitus and chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology 1999; 75: 355-59.
  • Satman I, Y›lmaz T, Sengul A et al. Population based study of diabetes and risk characteristics in Turkey: results of the Turkish diabetes epidemiology study (TURDEP). Diabetes Care 2002; 25: 1551-56.
  • Zein NN, Abdulkarim AS,Wiesner RH, et al. Prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with end-stage liver cirrhosis due to hepatitis C, alcohol or cholestatic disease. J Hepatol 2000; 32: 209-17.
  • El-Srag HB, Tran T, Everhart JE. Diabetes increases the risk of chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2004;126: 460-68.
  • Clark JM, Brancati EL, Diehl AM. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 1649-57.
  • Paradis V, Perlemuter G, Bonvoust F et al. High glucose and hyperinsulinemia stimulate connective tissue growth factor expression: a potensial mechanism involved in progression to fibrosis in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Hepatology 2001; 34: 738-44.
  • Friedman SL. The cellular basis of hepatic fibrosis: mechanisms and treatment strategies. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1828–35.
  • Poynard T, Bedossa P, Opolon P, for the OBSVIRC, METAVIR, CLINIVIR and DOSVIRC groups. Natural history of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Lancet 1997;349: 825–32.
  • Corrao G, Ferrari P, Zambon A, et al. Trends of liver cirrhosis mortality in Europe, 1970–1989: age–period–cohort analysis and changing alcohol consumption. Int J Epidemiol 1997; 26: 100–9.
  • Liaw YF, Tai DI, Chu CM, Chen TJ. The development of cirrhosis in patients with chronic type B hepatitis: a prospective study. Hepatology 1988; 8: 493–96.
  • Lai CL, Chien RN, Leung N, et al. Lamivudine therapy for chronic hepatitis B: a 12 month doubleblind, placebo-controlled multicentre study. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 61–8.
  • Leifman H, Romelsjo A. The effect of changes in alcohol consumption on mortality and admissions with alcohol-related diagnoses in Stockholm County. A time series analysis. Addiction 1997; 92:1523–36.
  • Corpechot C, Carrat F, Bonnand AM, et al. The effect of ursodeoxycholic acid therapy on liver fibrosis progression in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2000; 32:1196–99.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Cem Aygün This is me

Nevzat Gözel This is me

Mehmet Yalnız This is me

Halil İbrahim Bahçecioğlu This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2010
Published in Issue Year 2010 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aygün, C., Gözel, N., Yalnız, M., Bahçecioğlu, H. İ. (2010). Kronik viral Hepatit B tanısı olan hastalarda Diabetes Mellitus sıklığı ve karaciğer fibrozu üzerine etkisi. Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi, 9(1), 22-26.

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