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The effect of shock index and hematocrit levels on mortality in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding

Year 2018, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 85 - 89, 24.09.2018
https://doi.org/10.17941/agd.440452

Abstract

Introduction
and Aim:
To investigate
the influence of shock index, lactate levels and hematocrit levels over
the course of disease and mortality in
patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. 
Material and
Method:

The study was conducted as retrospective analysis of laboratory results and
medical records of patients referred to emergency room in between
01.01.2013-30.09.2015 due to presenting gastrointestinal bleeding symptoms and
diagnosed by endoscopic methods.
Vitals on emergency room referral, results of
endoscopic interventions and initial blood tests and hospitalization/discharge
numbers were noted after chart reviews.
709 patients were identified and 266 of them were
found eligible. 150 patients whose medical records were reachable included to
study after chart surveys.

Results: 94 patients were
male. Patients over 65 years old constituted the half of all. Most frequent
complaints were found out as hematemesis and black stool. Mortality rate of
patients was calculated as 25%.
As
a result of evaluation for patients' initial vitals we found no influence of
shock index over mortality (p>0,05).
According to initial blood sample results we found
that hematocrit levels were inadequate on predicting mortality (p>0,05).







Conclusion:
It is concluded as predicting mortality by only using shock index and
hematocrit levels was inadequate, so that these parameters should be supported
by other data
.

References

  • 1. Goralnick E, Meguerdichian DA. Gastrointestinal bleeding. In: Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, et al, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 30.
  • 2. Otero R, Nguyen B. Şoktaki hastaya yaklaşım. Judith Tintinalli, et al. [çev.] Cem Ertan. Acil tıp kapsamlı bir çalışma klavuzu. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevi, 2013;65-172.
  • 3. Rassameehiran S, Teerakanok J, Suchartlikitwong S, Nugent K. Utility of the Shock Index for Risk Stratification in Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. South Medical J 2017;110:738-43.
  • 4. Gaieski D, Mikkelsen ME. Definİtion, Classification, Etiology and pathophysiology of shock in adults. UpToDate, 25 May 2016.
  • 5. Cappell MS, Friedel D. Initial management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: from initial evaluation up to gastrointestinal endoscopy. Med Clin North Am 2008;92:491-509.
  • 6. Barkun AN, Bardou M, Martel M, et al. Prokinetics in acute upper GI bleeding: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 2010;72:1138-45.
  • 7. Palmer, ED. The vigorous diagnostic approach to upper-gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. A 23-year prospective study of 1400 patients. JAMA 1969;207:1477-80.
  • 8. Srygler FD, Gerardo CJ, Tran T, Fisher DA. Does this patient have a severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding? JAMA 2012;307:1072-9.
  • 9. Ratra A, Rassameehiran S, Parupudi S, Nugent K. Utility of the shock index and other risk-scoring tools in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. South Med J 2016;109:178-84.
  • 10. Birkhahn RH, Gaeta TJ, Terry D, et al. Shock index in diagnosing early acute hypovolemia. Am J Emerg Med 2005;23:323-6.
  • 11. Torabi M, Mirafzal A, Rastegari A, Sadeghkhani N. Association of triage time Shock Index, Modified Shock Index and age Shock Index with mortality in Emergency Severity Index Level 2 patients. Am J Emerg Med 2016;34:63-8.
  • 12. Sam A, Sanchez D, Gomez V, et al. The shock index and simplified PESI for identificationof low-risk patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Respir J 2011;37:762-6.
  • 13. Durukan P, İkizceli I, Akdur O, et al. Use of the shock index to diagnose acute hypovolemia. Turk J Med Sci 2009; 39: 833-5.

Gastrointestinal sistem kanamalı hastalarda şok indeksi ve hematokrit düzeylerinin mortalite üzerine etkisi

Year 2018, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 85 - 89, 24.09.2018
https://doi.org/10.17941/agd.440452

Abstract

Giriş ve Amaç: Şok indeksi ve hematokrit düzeyinin gastrointestinal
sistem kanamalı hastalarda mortalite üzerine etkisinin araştırılması.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma 01.01.2013-30.09.2015 tarihleri
arasında acil servise gastrointestinal sistem kanama semptomları ile başvuran,
endoskopik yöntemler ile tanısı konulan hastaların dosyaları ve laboratuvar
sonuçları geriye dönük değerlendirilerek yapılmıştır. Dosya değerlendirilmesi
sonucu acil servise başvuru anındaki vital bulguları, ilk alınan kan
tahlillerinin sonuçları, yapılan endoskopik işlemlerin sonuçları ve hastanın
yatış ve taburculuğu değerlendirilmeye alınmıştır. Çalışma için
709 hasta belirlenip 266 hasta uygun bulunmuştur ve dosya taraması sonucu,
dosyalarına eksiksiz ulaşılan 150 hasta çalışmaya dâhil edilmiştir.

Bulgular: Çalışmada 150 hastanın
94’ü erkek olarak bulunmuştur. 65 yaş ve üstü olanların toplam hasta sayısının yarısına
tekabül ettiği görülmüştür. En sık şikâyet kanlı kusma ve siyah dışkılama
bulunmuştur. Hastaların mortalite oranına bakıldığında %25 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Hastaların başvuru vitalleri değerlendirilmesi sonucu şok indeksinin
mortalite üzerine etkisinin olmadığı bulunmuştur (p>0,05). İlk alınan kan
numuneleri sonucuna göre hematokrit değerlerlerinin mortalitenin öngörülmesinde
yetersiz olduğu saptanmıştır (p>0,05).







Sonuç: Şok indeksi ve hematokrit düzeyini mortaliteyi ön
görmede yetersiz kaldığı, başka verilerle desteklenmesi gerektiği sonucu ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • 1. Goralnick E, Meguerdichian DA. Gastrointestinal bleeding. In: Marx JA, Hockberger RS, Walls RM, et al, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2014:chap 30.
  • 2. Otero R, Nguyen B. Şoktaki hastaya yaklaşım. Judith Tintinalli, et al. [çev.] Cem Ertan. Acil tıp kapsamlı bir çalışma klavuzu. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitapevi, 2013;65-172.
  • 3. Rassameehiran S, Teerakanok J, Suchartlikitwong S, Nugent K. Utility of the Shock Index for Risk Stratification in Patients with Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. South Medical J 2017;110:738-43.
  • 4. Gaieski D, Mikkelsen ME. Definİtion, Classification, Etiology and pathophysiology of shock in adults. UpToDate, 25 May 2016.
  • 5. Cappell MS, Friedel D. Initial management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: from initial evaluation up to gastrointestinal endoscopy. Med Clin North Am 2008;92:491-509.
  • 6. Barkun AN, Bardou M, Martel M, et al. Prokinetics in acute upper GI bleeding: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 2010;72:1138-45.
  • 7. Palmer, ED. The vigorous diagnostic approach to upper-gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. A 23-year prospective study of 1400 patients. JAMA 1969;207:1477-80.
  • 8. Srygler FD, Gerardo CJ, Tran T, Fisher DA. Does this patient have a severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding? JAMA 2012;307:1072-9.
  • 9. Ratra A, Rassameehiran S, Parupudi S, Nugent K. Utility of the shock index and other risk-scoring tools in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. South Med J 2016;109:178-84.
  • 10. Birkhahn RH, Gaeta TJ, Terry D, et al. Shock index in diagnosing early acute hypovolemia. Am J Emerg Med 2005;23:323-6.
  • 11. Torabi M, Mirafzal A, Rastegari A, Sadeghkhani N. Association of triage time Shock Index, Modified Shock Index and age Shock Index with mortality in Emergency Severity Index Level 2 patients. Am J Emerg Med 2016;34:63-8.
  • 12. Sam A, Sanchez D, Gomez V, et al. The shock index and simplified PESI for identificationof low-risk patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Respir J 2011;37:762-6.
  • 13. Durukan P, İkizceli I, Akdur O, et al. Use of the shock index to diagnose acute hypovolemia. Turk J Med Sci 2009; 39: 833-5.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Emrullah Semerci This is me

Polat Durukan This is me

Sümeyra Yıldırım This is me

Necmi Baykan

Şule Yakar This is me

Funda İpekten This is me

Publication Date September 24, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 17 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Semerci, E., Durukan, P., Yıldırım, S., Baykan, N., et al. (2018). Gastrointestinal sistem kanamalı hastalarda şok indeksi ve hematokrit düzeylerinin mortalite üzerine etkisi. Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi, 17(2), 85-89. https://doi.org/10.17941/agd.440452

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