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ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI

Year 2018, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 67 - 112, 01.04.2019

Sümeyra Altıner Coşkun

Abstract

Güney Kutbunda yer alan ve buzullarla kaplı olan Antarktika, Dünyanın en
büyük beşinci kıtasıdır. Antarktika’da hiçbir devletin egemenliği bulunmamaktadır.
Antarktika’nın insanlığın ortak mirası olduğu kabul edilmiştir ve bu durum Antarktika ile ilgili olarak yapılan uluslararası antlaşmalarda da teyit edilmiştir. 1959
Antarktika Antlaşması ve devamında yapılan antlaşmalar, Antarktika Antlaşmalar
Sistemini oluşturmaktadır. Antarktika Antlaşmalar Sistemi ile Antarktika’nın hukuki
durumu korunmuş ve Kıtadan yalnızca barışçıl amaçlarla yararlanılması gerektiği
vurgulanmıştır. Antarktika’da sadece bilimsel araştırmalar yapılabilmekte, bunun
dışındaki hiçbir faaliyete izin verilmemektedir. Ayrıca antlaşmalarda Antarktika’nın
ekosistemini ve barındırdığı canlı kaynaklarını korumak için gerekli olan önlemler de
yer almaktadır. Çalışmada Antarktika’daki mevcut hukuki rejimden bahsedilmiş ve
Türkiye’nin Antarktika politikası hakkında bilgi verilmiştir

Keywords

Antarktika Antarktika Antlaşması Antarktika Antlaşmalar Sistemi insanlığın ortak mirası bilimsel araştırma

References

  • BERMEJO, Romualdo, “The Antarctic System: Crisis or Success of Multilateralism”, The Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa, Vol. 22, No.1, 1989, s. 1-32.
  • BUTLER, Shirley Oakes, “Owning Antarctica: Cooperation and Jurisdiction at The South Pole”, Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 31, No. 1, 1977, s. 35-51.
  • FRIEDHEIM, Robert / AKAHA, Tsuneo, “Antarctic Resources and International Law: Japan, The United States and the Future of Antarctica”, Ecology Law Quarterly, Vol. 16, Issue 1, 1989, s. 119-154.
  • HAYASHI, Moritaka, “The Antarctica Question in The United Nations”, Cornell Interna-tional Law Journal, Vol. 19, Issue 2, 1986, s. 275-290.
  • HERBER, Bernard P., “The Common Heritage Principle: Antarctica and The Developing Nations”, American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 50, No. 4, 1991, s. 391-406.
  • KIM, Young, “The Real Cold War Antarctica’s Environmental Future”, Harvard Interna-tional Review, Vol. 16, No. 3, 1994, s. 56-57, 76-77.
  • LAMUS, Fernando Villamizar, “Antarctic Treaty and Antarctic Territory Protection Mech-anisms”, Revista Chilena de Derecho, Vol. 40, No. 2, 2013, s. 461-488.
  • MARKS, Beth C. / BARNES, James N., “The Future of Antarctica Under the Environmen-tal Protocol”, The Journal of Environment & Development, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1993, s. 169-174.
  • ÖZTÜRK, Bayram, “Türkiye Nasıl Bir Antarktika Stratejisi Geliştirmelidir?”, Bilge Strate-ji, Cilt 7, Sayı 13, 2015, s. 1-10.
  • ÖZTÜRK, Bayram / TONAY, Mehmet Arda / ÖZ, Melike İdil, YILMAZ, İzzet Noyan / ERGÜL, Halim Aytekin /ÖZTÜRK, Ayaka Amaha, “Sightings of Cetaceans in the Western Antarctic Peninsula during The First Joint Turkish-Ukranian Antarctic Research Expedition, 2016”, Turkish Journal of Zoology, 2017, s. 955-961.
  • PETRICA, Nicoleta, “Antarctica-The Game of Great Powers’ Geopolitical Strategies”, Bulletin of The Transilvania Universtiy of Braşov, Series V: Economic Sciences, Vol. 10 (59), No. 1, 2017, s. 215-228.
  • REDGWELL, Catherine, “Environmental Protection in Antarctica: The 1991 Protokol”, The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 43, No. 3, 1994, s. 599-634.
  • ROSH, Robert M., “Antarctica’s Increasing Incorporation into the World-System”, Review (Fernand Braudel Center), Vol. 12, No. 1, 1989, s. 121-137.
  • SHUSTERICH, Kurt M., “The Antarctic Treaty System: history, substance and specula-tion”, International Journal, Vol. 39, No. 4, Polar Politics, 1984, s. 800-827.
  • SÖNMEZOĞLU, Faruk / ERLER BAYIR, Özgün, “Çevre Sorunlarına İlişkin Uluslararası Rejimler”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, No. 47, Ekim 2012, s. 247-289.
  • WIDOLF, Helena Ellinor, “Animal Rights and The Antarctic Treaty System”, Human Ecology Review, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2009, s. 59-67.
  • https://www.ats.aq/documents/ats/treaty_original.pdf (2.1.2018)
  • https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20610/volume-610-I-8843-English.pdf (2.1.2018)
  • http://www.ats.aq/devAS/ats_meetings.aspx?lang=e (4.1.2018)
  • http://www.ats.aq/devAS/ats_parties.aspx?lang=e (4.1.2018)
  • https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/15280.pdf (5.1.2018)
  • https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/15280.pdf (5.1.2018)
  • http://ats.aq/documents/ats/ccamlr_e.pdf (13.1.2018)
  • http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/other/dfat/treaty_list/depository/CCAMLR.html (13.1.2018)
  • https://www.ccamlr.org/meetings/26 (13.1.2018)
  • http://www.ats.aq/documents/recatt/Att006_e.pdf (14.1.2018)
  • http://www.itu.edu.tr/haberler/2016/03/25/itu-kutup-arastirmalari-merkezi-akademisyenlerimiz-antarktika-yolcusu- (15.1.2018)
  • http://www.polarresearch.center (15.1.2018)
  • http://www.polarresearch.center/39-atcm/ (18.1.2018)
  • http://www.polarresearch.center/polrec-antarktikadan-dondu/ (18.1.2018)
  • http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/antarktikada-kurulacak-turk-ussu-icin-ikinci-bilimsel-sefer-27866020 (18.1.2018)
  • http://www.polarresearch.center/ii-ulusal-antarktik-bilim-seferi-proje-basvurusu-cagrisi/ (18.1.2018)
  • https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/develop/owa/tasari_teklif_gd.onerge_bilgileri?kanunlar_sira_no=172634 (18.1.2018)
  • https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/develop/owa/tasari_teklif_sd.onerge_bilgileri?kanunlar_sira_no=194431 (18.1.2018)
  • http://www.webtekno.com/bakan-faruk-ozlu-sadece-afrin-de-degil-antarktika-da-da-operasyon-yurutuyoruz-h43201.html (29.3.2018)
  • https://www.coolantarctica.com/Community/antarctic_bases.php (29.3.2018)

ANTARCTICA’S LEGAL REGIME AND TURKEY’S PRESENCE IN THE CONTINENT

Year 2018, Volume: 22 Issue: 3, 67 - 112, 01.04.2019

Sümeyra Altıner Coşkun

Abstract

Antarctica, located on South Pole and covered in glaciers, is the fi fth largest
continent in the World. There is no sovereignty of state in Antarctica. It’s accepted
that Antarctica is common heritage of mankind and this situation is confi rmed with
international treaties regarding Antarctica. 1959 Antarctic Treaty and following treaties constitute Antarctic Treaty System. Antarctic Treaty System protects Antarctica’s
legal status and emphasizes that states must benefi t from Antarctica only for peaceful
purposes. Solely scientifi c research is feasible in Antarctica and no other activities are
allowed. Besides, necessary measures to protect Antarctica’s ecosystem and Antarctic
marine life mentioned in these treaties. In this essay, it is informed about Antarctica’s
current legal status and Antarctic policy of Turkey.

Keywords

Antarctica Antarctic Treaty Antarctic Treaty System common heritage of mankind scientific research

References

  • BERMEJO, Romualdo, “The Antarctic System: Crisis or Success of Multilateralism”, The Comparative and International Law Journal of Southern Africa, Vol. 22, No.1, 1989, s. 1-32.
  • BUTLER, Shirley Oakes, “Owning Antarctica: Cooperation and Jurisdiction at The South Pole”, Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 31, No. 1, 1977, s. 35-51.
  • FRIEDHEIM, Robert / AKAHA, Tsuneo, “Antarctic Resources and International Law: Japan, The United States and the Future of Antarctica”, Ecology Law Quarterly, Vol. 16, Issue 1, 1989, s. 119-154.
  • HAYASHI, Moritaka, “The Antarctica Question in The United Nations”, Cornell Interna-tional Law Journal, Vol. 19, Issue 2, 1986, s. 275-290.
  • HERBER, Bernard P., “The Common Heritage Principle: Antarctica and The Developing Nations”, American Journal of Economics and Sociology, Vol. 50, No. 4, 1991, s. 391-406.
  • KIM, Young, “The Real Cold War Antarctica’s Environmental Future”, Harvard Interna-tional Review, Vol. 16, No. 3, 1994, s. 56-57, 76-77.
  • LAMUS, Fernando Villamizar, “Antarctic Treaty and Antarctic Territory Protection Mech-anisms”, Revista Chilena de Derecho, Vol. 40, No. 2, 2013, s. 461-488.
  • MARKS, Beth C. / BARNES, James N., “The Future of Antarctica Under the Environmen-tal Protocol”, The Journal of Environment & Development, Vol. 2, No. 2, 1993, s. 169-174.
  • ÖZTÜRK, Bayram, “Türkiye Nasıl Bir Antarktika Stratejisi Geliştirmelidir?”, Bilge Strate-ji, Cilt 7, Sayı 13, 2015, s. 1-10.
  • ÖZTÜRK, Bayram / TONAY, Mehmet Arda / ÖZ, Melike İdil, YILMAZ, İzzet Noyan / ERGÜL, Halim Aytekin /ÖZTÜRK, Ayaka Amaha, “Sightings of Cetaceans in the Western Antarctic Peninsula during The First Joint Turkish-Ukranian Antarctic Research Expedition, 2016”, Turkish Journal of Zoology, 2017, s. 955-961.
  • PETRICA, Nicoleta, “Antarctica-The Game of Great Powers’ Geopolitical Strategies”, Bulletin of The Transilvania Universtiy of Braşov, Series V: Economic Sciences, Vol. 10 (59), No. 1, 2017, s. 215-228.
  • REDGWELL, Catherine, “Environmental Protection in Antarctica: The 1991 Protokol”, The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 43, No. 3, 1994, s. 599-634.
  • ROSH, Robert M., “Antarctica’s Increasing Incorporation into the World-System”, Review (Fernand Braudel Center), Vol. 12, No. 1, 1989, s. 121-137.
  • SHUSTERICH, Kurt M., “The Antarctic Treaty System: history, substance and specula-tion”, International Journal, Vol. 39, No. 4, Polar Politics, 1984, s. 800-827.
  • SÖNMEZOĞLU, Faruk / ERLER BAYIR, Özgün, “Çevre Sorunlarına İlişkin Uluslararası Rejimler”, İstanbul Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi, No. 47, Ekim 2012, s. 247-289.
  • WIDOLF, Helena Ellinor, “Animal Rights and The Antarctic Treaty System”, Human Ecology Review, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2009, s. 59-67.
  • https://www.ats.aq/documents/ats/treaty_original.pdf (2.1.2018)
  • https://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%20610/volume-610-I-8843-English.pdf (2.1.2018)
  • http://www.ats.aq/devAS/ats_meetings.aspx?lang=e (4.1.2018)
  • http://www.ats.aq/devAS/ats_parties.aspx?lang=e (4.1.2018)
  • https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/15280.pdf (5.1.2018)
  • https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/15280.pdf (5.1.2018)
  • http://ats.aq/documents/ats/ccamlr_e.pdf (13.1.2018)
  • http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/other/dfat/treaty_list/depository/CCAMLR.html (13.1.2018)
  • https://www.ccamlr.org/meetings/26 (13.1.2018)
  • http://www.ats.aq/documents/recatt/Att006_e.pdf (14.1.2018)
  • http://www.itu.edu.tr/haberler/2016/03/25/itu-kutup-arastirmalari-merkezi-akademisyenlerimiz-antarktika-yolcusu- (15.1.2018)
  • http://www.polarresearch.center (15.1.2018)
  • http://www.polarresearch.center/39-atcm/ (18.1.2018)
  • http://www.polarresearch.center/polrec-antarktikadan-dondu/ (18.1.2018)
  • http://www.hurriyet.com.tr/antarktikada-kurulacak-turk-ussu-icin-ikinci-bilimsel-sefer-27866020 (18.1.2018)
  • http://www.polarresearch.center/ii-ulusal-antarktik-bilim-seferi-proje-basvurusu-cagrisi/ (18.1.2018)
  • https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/develop/owa/tasari_teklif_gd.onerge_bilgileri?kanunlar_sira_no=172634 (18.1.2018)
  • https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/develop/owa/tasari_teklif_sd.onerge_bilgileri?kanunlar_sira_no=194431 (18.1.2018)
  • http://www.webtekno.com/bakan-faruk-ozlu-sadece-afrin-de-degil-antarktika-da-da-operasyon-yurutuyoruz-h43201.html (29.3.2018)
  • https://www.coolantarctica.com/Community/antarctic_bases.php (29.3.2018)
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section KAMU HUKUKU
Authors

Sümeyra Altıner Coşkun This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 22 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Altıner Coşkun, S. (2019). ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(3), 67-112.
AMA Altıner Coşkun S. ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI. AHBVU-FLR. April 2019;22(3):67-112.
Chicago Altıner Coşkun, Sümeyra. “ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 22, no. 3 (April 2019): 67-112.
EndNote Altıner Coşkun S (April 1, 2019) ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 22 3 67–112.
IEEE S. Altıner Coşkun, “ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI”, AHBVU-FLR, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 67–112, 2019.
ISNAD Altıner Coşkun, Sümeyra. “ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 22/3 (April 2019), 67-112.
JAMA Altıner Coşkun S. ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI. AHBVU-FLR. 2019;22:67–112.
MLA Altıner Coşkun, Sümeyra. “ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI”. Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 3, 2019, pp. 67-112.
Vancouver Altıner Coşkun S. ANTARKTİKA KITASINDAKİ HUKUKİ REJİM VE TÜRKİYE’NİN KITADAKİ VARLIĞI. AHBVU-FLR. 2019;22(3):67-112.
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