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Change of mineral element contents in the common shrubs of Mediterranean climatic zone: Non-nutrients

Year 2013, Volume: 26 Issue: 1, 57 - 63, 01.06.2013

Abstract

Mediterranean shrubs try to keep up their forage value year-round with their deep root penetrations and ever-green futures. Therefore, shrubs can serve a good source of nutrient for goats and may meet nutritional needs of goats. However, beside the nutrients, there are several other beneficial or harmful minerals in plants. This research was carried out in Marmara region of Turkey to investigate the amounts and variations of these kinds of elements. Variations of non-nutrient contents of shrubs and relevance with goats were evaluated. Experiments were carried out over two shrubby rangelands of Çanakkale province between the dates October 2006 and November 2007. Se, Co, Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb contents of kermes oak, mock privet, prickly juniper, gall oak, Christ’s-thorn, pink rockrose, thyme and prickly burnet shrubs were determined. Annual variations of most of the minerals were found to be significant but irregular. Irregularity in variations was due to the fact that these elements are not essential for plants and present at trace amounts. Se contents of shrubs varied between 0.02-0.45, Co between 0.01-46, Ni 1.70-5.54, Cr 1.35-2.29, Cd 0.01-0.15 and Pb 0.72-1.93 mg kg-1. None of these elements were found to be insufficient or redundant to create a problem either for plants or animals

References

  • Ahmad K, Khan ZI, Ashraf M (2009) Determination of forage concentrations of lead, nickel and chromium in relation to the requirements of grazing ruminants in the salt range. Pakistan Journal of Botany 41: 61-65.
  • Aydemir O, İnce F (1988). Bitki Besleme. Diyarbakır.
  • Bakoğlu A, Gökkuş A, Koç A (1999) Dominant mera bitkilerinin biomas ve kimyasal kompozisyonlarının büyüme dönemlerindeki değişimi. II. Kimyasal kompozisyondaki değişimler. Türk Tarım ve Ormancılık Dergisi 23: 495-508.
  • Clark RB, Baligar VC (2003) Mineral concentrations of forage legumes and grasses grown in acidic soil amended with flue gas desulfurization products. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 34: 1681–1707.
  • Del Valle HF, Rosell RA (2000) Mineral composition of perennial vegetation of shrub patches in Northeastern Patagonia. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 14: 15-25.
  • Diaz E, Massol Deya A (2003) Trace element composition in forage samples from a military target range, three agricultural areas, and one natural area in Puerto Rico. Caribbean Journal of Science 39: 215–220.
  • Gasparotto S (2010) Goats need selenium - but not too much. http://www.jackmauldin.com/health/selenium.htm, 2010. Accessed 2 November 2011.
  • Gökkuş A, Özaslan Parlak A, Parlak M (2011) Change of mineral element content in the common shrubs of Mediterranean zone. I.Macronutrients. Žemdirbystė Agriculture 98: 357-366.
  • Kirchgessner M (1985) Hayvan Besleme (Animal Nutrition). Translated: Kılıç A, TÜBİTAK, Ankara
  • Leano PA (1986) Mineral elements concentration and carbohydrate trends in woolly loco (Astragalus mollissimus). MSc Thesis, Texas Technical University, Texas.
  • Macpherson A (2000) Forage evaluation in ruminant nutrition. In: Givens DI, Owens E J, Omed HM. (Eds.), Trace-Mineral Status of Forages, CABI Publishing, Cambridge, pp. 345-371.
  • Mengel K (1984) Bitkinin Beslenmesi ve Metabolizması (Nutrition and Metabolism of Plant). Translated: Özbek H, Kaya Z, Tamcı M., Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
  • National Research Council. (1992). Mineral Ttolerance of Domestic Animals. Subcommittee on Mineral Toxicity in Animals, National Research Council of the National Academies, Washington.
  • Özaslan Parlak A, Gökkuş A, Hakyemez BH, Baytekin H (2011a) Shrub yield and forage quality in Mediterranean shrublands of west Turkey for a period of one year. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 1726-1734.
  • Özaslan Parlak A, Gökkuş A, Hakyemez BH, Baytekin H (2011b) Forage yield and quality of kermes oak and herbaceous species throughout a year in Mediterranean zone of western Turkey. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 9: 510-515.
  • Papachristou TG, Nastis AS, Mathur R, Hutchings MR (2003) Effect of physical and chemical plant defenses on herbivory: implications for Mediterranean shrubland management. Basic and Applied Ecology 4: 395–403.
  • Perevolotsky A, Landau S, Kababya D, Ungar ED (1998) Diet selection in dairy goats grazing woody Mediterranean rangeland. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 57: 117–131.
  • Ramirez Orduna R, Ramirez RG, Gonzalez Rodriquez H, Haenlein GFW (2005) Mineral content of browse species from Baja California Sur, Mexico. Small Ruminant Research 57: 1–10.
  • Rogosic J (2000) Management of the Mediterranean Natural Resources. Mostar.
  • Silanikove N (2000) The physiological basis of adaptation in goats to harsh environments. Small Ruminant Research 35: 181-193.
  • Sultan JI, Ur-Rahim I, Nawaz H, Yaqoob M, Javed I (2008) Mineral composition, palatability and digestibility of free rangeland grasses of northern grassland of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 40: 2059-2070.
  • Suttle NF (2010) The Mineral Nutrition of Livestock. Fourth Edition, CABI Publishing, Edinburgh.
  • Tolunay A, Ayhan V, Adıyaman E (2009) Dry matter yield and grazing capacity of kermes oak (Quercus coccifera L.) shrubland for pure hair goat (Capra hircus L.) breeding in Turkey’s Western Mediterranean Region. Journal Animal and Veterinary Advances 8: 368-372.
  • Underwood EJ (1977) Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition. Academic Press, New York.
  • Whitehead DC (2000) Nutrient elements in grassland: soil-plant-animal relations. First Edition, CABI, Cambridge.
  • Winer BJ, Brown DR, Michels KM (1991) Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. McGraw-Hill, California.

Akdeniz iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında mineral element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer elementler

Year 2013, Volume: 26 Issue: 1, 57 - 63, 01.06.2013

Abstract

Akdeniz kuşağı çalıları derin kökleri ve genelde herdem yeşil yapıları ile yem değerlerini yıl
boyu korumaya çalışırlar. Bu durum keçilerin besin elementi ihtiyaçlarının büyük bir bölümünü
buralardan karşılamalarına yardımcı olur. Ancak bitkilerde besin elementleri dışında yararlı ya
da zararlı olabilen birçok mineral de bulunmaktadır. Bu tür elementlerin çalılardaki miktarları
veya değişimleri konusunda Türkiye’nin Marmara ve Ege bölgelerinde araştırma
yapılmamıştır. Bu nedenle bu araştırmada besin elementi olmayan minerallerin çalılardaki
değişimi incelenmiş ve bunların keçilerle ilişkileri ortaya konmuştur. Deneme Ekim 2006 -
Kasım 2007 tarihleri arasında Çanakkale’nin iki ayrı çalılı alanında yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada
kermes meşesi, akçakesme, katran ardıcı, mazı meşesi, karaçalı, yapraklı laden, kekik ve
abdestbozan çalılarının Se, Co, Ni, Cr, Cd ve Pb miktarları belirlenmiştir. İncelenen çalılardaki
çoğu mineralin yıl boyu değişimi önemli, ancak düzensiz olmuştur. Bu düzensizlik genelde bu
elementlerin bitkiler için mutlak gerekli olmadıklarından ve eser miktarlarda bulunmalarından
ileri gelmiştir. Çalıların ortalama Se miktarları 0.02-0.45, Co 0.01-46, Ni 1.70-5.54, Cr 1.35-
2.29, Cd 0.01-0.15 ve Pb 0.72-1.93 mg kg-1 arasında değişmiştir. Bu elementlerin hiçbiri gerek
bitkiler gerekse hayvanlar için eksiklik veya fazlalık olarak herhangi bir sorun yaratacak
düzeyde olmamıştır

References

  • Ahmad K, Khan ZI, Ashraf M (2009) Determination of forage concentrations of lead, nickel and chromium in relation to the requirements of grazing ruminants in the salt range. Pakistan Journal of Botany 41: 61-65.
  • Aydemir O, İnce F (1988). Bitki Besleme. Diyarbakır.
  • Bakoğlu A, Gökkuş A, Koç A (1999) Dominant mera bitkilerinin biomas ve kimyasal kompozisyonlarının büyüme dönemlerindeki değişimi. II. Kimyasal kompozisyondaki değişimler. Türk Tarım ve Ormancılık Dergisi 23: 495-508.
  • Clark RB, Baligar VC (2003) Mineral concentrations of forage legumes and grasses grown in acidic soil amended with flue gas desulfurization products. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 34: 1681–1707.
  • Del Valle HF, Rosell RA (2000) Mineral composition of perennial vegetation of shrub patches in Northeastern Patagonia. Arid Soil Research and Rehabilitation 14: 15-25.
  • Diaz E, Massol Deya A (2003) Trace element composition in forage samples from a military target range, three agricultural areas, and one natural area in Puerto Rico. Caribbean Journal of Science 39: 215–220.
  • Gasparotto S (2010) Goats need selenium - but not too much. http://www.jackmauldin.com/health/selenium.htm, 2010. Accessed 2 November 2011.
  • Gökkuş A, Özaslan Parlak A, Parlak M (2011) Change of mineral element content in the common shrubs of Mediterranean zone. I.Macronutrients. Žemdirbystė Agriculture 98: 357-366.
  • Kirchgessner M (1985) Hayvan Besleme (Animal Nutrition). Translated: Kılıç A, TÜBİTAK, Ankara
  • Leano PA (1986) Mineral elements concentration and carbohydrate trends in woolly loco (Astragalus mollissimus). MSc Thesis, Texas Technical University, Texas.
  • Macpherson A (2000) Forage evaluation in ruminant nutrition. In: Givens DI, Owens E J, Omed HM. (Eds.), Trace-Mineral Status of Forages, CABI Publishing, Cambridge, pp. 345-371.
  • Mengel K (1984) Bitkinin Beslenmesi ve Metabolizması (Nutrition and Metabolism of Plant). Translated: Özbek H, Kaya Z, Tamcı M., Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
  • National Research Council. (1992). Mineral Ttolerance of Domestic Animals. Subcommittee on Mineral Toxicity in Animals, National Research Council of the National Academies, Washington.
  • Özaslan Parlak A, Gökkuş A, Hakyemez BH, Baytekin H (2011a) Shrub yield and forage quality in Mediterranean shrublands of west Turkey for a period of one year. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 1726-1734.
  • Özaslan Parlak A, Gökkuş A, Hakyemez BH, Baytekin H (2011b) Forage yield and quality of kermes oak and herbaceous species throughout a year in Mediterranean zone of western Turkey. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment 9: 510-515.
  • Papachristou TG, Nastis AS, Mathur R, Hutchings MR (2003) Effect of physical and chemical plant defenses on herbivory: implications for Mediterranean shrubland management. Basic and Applied Ecology 4: 395–403.
  • Perevolotsky A, Landau S, Kababya D, Ungar ED (1998) Diet selection in dairy goats grazing woody Mediterranean rangeland. Applied Animal Behaviour Science 57: 117–131.
  • Ramirez Orduna R, Ramirez RG, Gonzalez Rodriquez H, Haenlein GFW (2005) Mineral content of browse species from Baja California Sur, Mexico. Small Ruminant Research 57: 1–10.
  • Rogosic J (2000) Management of the Mediterranean Natural Resources. Mostar.
  • Silanikove N (2000) The physiological basis of adaptation in goats to harsh environments. Small Ruminant Research 35: 181-193.
  • Sultan JI, Ur-Rahim I, Nawaz H, Yaqoob M, Javed I (2008) Mineral composition, palatability and digestibility of free rangeland grasses of northern grassland of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Botany 40: 2059-2070.
  • Suttle NF (2010) The Mineral Nutrition of Livestock. Fourth Edition, CABI Publishing, Edinburgh.
  • Tolunay A, Ayhan V, Adıyaman E (2009) Dry matter yield and grazing capacity of kermes oak (Quercus coccifera L.) shrubland for pure hair goat (Capra hircus L.) breeding in Turkey’s Western Mediterranean Region. Journal Animal and Veterinary Advances 8: 368-372.
  • Underwood EJ (1977) Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition. Academic Press, New York.
  • Whitehead DC (2000) Nutrient elements in grassland: soil-plant-animal relations. First Edition, CABI, Cambridge.
  • Winer BJ, Brown DR, Michels KM (1991) Statistical Principles in Experimental Design. McGraw-Hill, California.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

A. Özaslan Parlak This is me

M. Parlak This is me

A. Gökkuş This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2013
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 26 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Parlak, A. Ö., Parlak, M., & Gökkuş, A. (2013). Akdeniz iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında mineral element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer elementler. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 26(1), 57-63.
AMA Parlak AÖ, Parlak M, Gökkuş A. Akdeniz iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında mineral element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer elementler. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. June 2013;26(1):57-63.
Chicago Parlak, A. Özaslan, M. Parlak, and A. Gökkuş. “Akdeniz Iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında Mineral Element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer Elementler”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 26, no. 1 (June 2013): 57-63.
EndNote Parlak AÖ, Parlak M, Gökkuş A (June 1, 2013) Akdeniz iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında mineral element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer elementler. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 26 1 57–63.
IEEE A. Ö. Parlak, M. Parlak, and A. Gökkuş, “Akdeniz iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında mineral element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer elementler”, Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 57–63, 2013.
ISNAD Parlak, A. Özaslan et al. “Akdeniz Iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında Mineral Element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer Elementler”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture 26/1 (June 2013), 57-63.
JAMA Parlak AÖ, Parlak M, Gökkuş A. Akdeniz iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında mineral element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer elementler. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 2013;26:57–63.
MLA Parlak, A. Özaslan et al. “Akdeniz Iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında Mineral Element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer Elementler”. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, vol. 26, no. 1, 2013, pp. 57-63.
Vancouver Parlak AÖ, Parlak M, Gökkuş A. Akdeniz iklim kuşağının yaygın çalılarında mineral element içeriklerinin değişimi: Diğer elementler. Akdeniz University Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture. 2013;26(1):57-63.