Gökkuşağı Alabalığı Rasyonlarında Tavuk Mezbaha Artıkları Ununun Balık Unu Yerine Kullanılmasının Büyüme Performansı Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2004, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 161 - 167, 01.12.2004

H. Sevgili M. M. Ertürk

Abstract

Bu çalışma Gökkuşağı alabalığı (Onchorynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1972) rasyonlarında balık unu (BU) yerine tavuk mezbaha artıkları unu (TMAU)’nun kullanılma olanaklarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Denemede % 21 yağ içeren, 5600 kcal/kg brüt enerji ve %45 ham proteine sahip, isokalorik ve isonitrojenik karma yemler kullanılmıştır. Karma yemlerde sırasıyla, %0 (Kontrol), 10 (TMAU10), 20(TMAU20), 30 (TMAU30) ve 40 (TMAU40) oranlarında TMAU kullanılmıştır. Deneme başı canlı ağırlıkları 34.50±0.43 g olan 750 gökkuşağı alabalığı, tesadüfen, 500 l kapasiteli 15 fiber-glas tanka, her birine 50 adet balık ve her mumeleye de 3 tank düşecek şekilde, 5 muamele grubuna dağıtılmışlardır. 12 haftalık deneme süresince balıklar günde 3 kez (saat 08:30, 12:00 ve 15:30’da) yemlenmişlerdir. %20 TMAU ile beslenen grupta deneme sonu canlı ağırlıkları ile canlı ağırlık artışları bakımından kontrol grubu ile benzer sonuçlar elde edilirken, daha yüksek seviyelerde TMAU kullanılan gruplarda bu özellikler bakımından önemli derecede daha düşük değerler elde edilmiştir (p < 0.05). Hepatosomatik indeks, viskerosomatik indeks ve karkas randımanları dikkate alındığında gruplar arasında önemli farklılıklar çıkmazken, TMAU30 ve TMAU40 gruplarında, kontrol grubuna göre daha düşük kondüsyon faktörü ve spesifik büyüme oranı elde edilmiştir (p < 0.05). Yem tüketimi bakımından TMAU40 grubu ile, yemden yararlanma bakımından %20 ve üzerinde TMAU içeren gruplar, kontrol grubundan göre daha düşük ortalamalara sahip olmuşlardır (p < 0.05). Bu çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara dayanarak, TMAU’nun alabalık rasyonlarına %20 oranında katılabileceğini söylemek olasıdır.

Keywords

Gökkuşağı Alabalığı, Tavuk Mezbaha Artıkları Unu, Büyüme Performansı

Effects of Replacement of Fish Meal with Poultry by-Product Meal on Growth Performance in Practical Diets for Rainbow Trout, Onchorynchus mykiss

Abstract

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the potential of replacing fish meal (FM) with poultry by-product meal (PBM) in practical diets for rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss, Walbaum, 1972). Five isocaloric (5600 kcal GE/ kg) and isonitrogenous (45% CP) diets including PBM at the levels of 0 (Control), 10 (PBM10), 20 (PBM20), 30 (PBM30) and 40% (PBM40), respectively were formulated. and had a lipid content of 21% approximately. Seven hundred and fifty rainbow trout (initial body weight, 34.500.43 g) were randomly assigned to fifteen 500-l fiber-glass tanks. Each dietary treatment was tested in triplicate groups of 50 fish per tank arranged in a completely randomized design. Fish were fed three times (08:30, 12:00 and 15:30 h) daily for 12 weeks. Final weight (Wf) and body weight gain (BWG) of groups fed PBM up to 20% were similar to the control, while significantly lower values were obtained from the groups receiving higher levels of PBM (p<0.05). Hepatosomatic index, viscerasomatic index and dressing percentage data indicated no significant differences among the treatments; however, condition factor and specific growth ratio of PBM30 and PBM40 groups were lower than those of the control diet (p < 0.05). Fish fed PBM40 showed lower feed intake and the groups containing PBM 20% and higher levels had lower feed conversion than the control group (p < 0.05). Results of the study indicated that dietary PBM could be included up to 20% in rainbow trout diets without any significant impairment in the performance criteria evaluated.

Keywords

Rainbow trout, poultry by-product meal, growth performance

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