The concept of nafs has been interpreted in different ways in various conditions and times. It is sometimes seen as a devil that takes people out of the way and sometimes as a were also those who approached it positively. While Nafs has a side that leads people to evil in Sufism, Muhammet İkbal sees the nafs as a tool to deliver it to the Absolute I. Whether the Nafs is an asset or an eternal element is another matter of discussion. While some regarded the nafs as a mortal being due to the relevant verses found in the Qur’an, others believed that they would be resurrected in the hereafter with other essential elements by seeing the nafs from the essential elements of the body. Elementary and Medieval philosophers say that the nafs includes the psychological aspect of the human. On the other hand, the theologians mean the soul and the soul. Aristotle evaluated the soul in the natural sciences and considered it as ore. Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ghazali, Ibn Rushd and later Islamic philosophers adopted the ideas of Aritoteles while interpreting the nafs. According to Sufism, the nafs is the source of evil. Sufists focused on how to correct the evil of the nafs rather than the nature, object and ore of the naf. For them, the nafs is the devil’s movement on the human. They are always in a struggle with the nafs and they have the opinion that it should be discharged. The nafs has stages. These stages are called atvar-ı seba. These are emmare levvame, mülhime, mutmainne, raziyya, marziyya and kâmil. While five of them are mentioned in the Qur'an, two of them are created by Sufists. He is the son of Şeyh Hamid-i Veli, who is known as Yusuf Hakiki Baba Somuncu Baba, where the couplets in which his word of nafs is mentioned in his Muhabbetname are discussed. He is a sufi poet. His work named Muhabbetname was also written in this line. In Muhabbetname, the characteristics of the nafs capturing the person, the nafs being bad, and the nafs being discernable are prominent.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Creative Arts and Writing |
Journal Section | Review Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | May 11, 2020 |
Acceptance Date | April 9, 2020 |
Published in Issue | Year 2020 Volume: 8 Issue: 21 |