Pamuk Yağı Biyodizeli-Eurodizel Karışımlarının Tam Yükte Yanma, Performans ve Emisyonlara Etkisinin Deneysel Olarak İncelenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 797 - 809, 31.08.2017

Ahmet Keskin

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, pamuk yağı biyodizelinin değişik oranlarda eurodizel yakıtına ilavesinin yanma, motor performansı ve emisyonlar üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. Deneyler tam yükte ve 1500 dev/dak ile 3000 dev/dak arasında 500 dev/dak aralıklarla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Deneylerde eurodizel yakıtına (CB0), % 10, %20 ve %50 pamuk yağı biyodizeli eklenerek (sırasıyla CB10, CB20 ve CB50 olarak isimlendirilen) elde edilen yakıt karışımları kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bu yakıt karışımları elektrik dinamometresi ile yüklenebilen tek silindirli, dört zamanlı, hava soğutmalı, direk püskürtmeli bir dizel motorunda test edilmiş ve sonuçlar referans eurodizel yakıtı ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, referans eurodizel yakıtına pamuk yağı biyodizeli ilavesinin tüm devirler için motor gücü ve torkunda çok az düşüşe neden olduğunu göstermektedir. Özgül yakıt tüketiminde ise küçük bir artış gözlenmiştir. Tam yükte tüm devirler için pamuk yağı biyodizeli ilavesiyle birlikte CO, HC ve is emisyonlarının azaldığı, NOx emisyonlarının ise arttığı gözlenmiştir. Pamuk yağı biyodizeli karışımlarının tutuşma gecikmesi, pamuk yağı biyodizelinin düşük setan sayısı nedeniyle eurodizelden daha uzun olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ateşleme gecikmesi daha uzun olduğundan, ısı salınım hızı çok hızlı bir şekilde artmış ve yanma süresi kısalmıştır. Yakıtların maksimum yanma basınçları önemli bir değişiklik göstermemiştir.

Keywords

Alternatif yakıtlar, Biyodizel, Pamuk yağı, Yanma karakteristikleri, Motor performansı, Egzoz emisyonları.

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