Research Article
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Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment with Foam Bitumen

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 6, 1388 - 1399, 28.12.2022

Kemal Muhammet Erten , Serdal Terzi , Hüseyin Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1072221

Abstract

The course of turned of bituminous pavement layers into hot mix asphalt (HMA) layers has been increasing day by day all over the world. Bituminous surface treatment that contains consirable amount of aggregate and bitumen, is an important source of recycling that offers a great amount of pavement materials intead of virgin material usage on pavement consruction.
In the study, it was aimed to investigate the usability of bituminous surface layer treatment in the base layers of the HMA roads by mixing with foam bitumen and active filler materials in order to eliminate the potential performance degradation that will be encountered when it is recycled due to the low bitumen percentage compared to hot mix asphalt and the wear of the aggregate due to climatic conditions and traffic loads over time.
The study conducted that intends to technically evaluate the cold recycling of bituminous surface treatment of roads with foam bitumen and active filler materials; for 70/100 bitumen grade, 5 different bitumen mixes were prepared and ideal bitumen percentage was investigated for this bitumen grade. The effect of bitumen percentage on mixture performance was evaluated with 50/70-100/150-160/220 bitumen grades and mixtures were prepared in single bitumen ratio (2.5%). It was investigated that active fillers will give suitable results for foam bituminous mixtures by preparing mixtures for three different active fillers; cement, hydrated lime and fly ash. To evaluate all these productions, ITS, unconfined compressive strenght, triaxial resilient modulus and asphalt permanent deformation tests were performed.
The results obtained showed that production made using 2% foam bitumen and 1% was found suitable for moisture sensitivity and structural stability. Recycling of bituminous surface treatment using foam bitumen and cement is an environmentally and economically beneficial method by reducing both waste and raw material consumption.

Keywords

Bituminous surface treatment Foam bitumen Indrect tensile strenght Unconfined compressive strenght Resilient Modulus

Supporting Institution

Süleyman Demirel University, General Directorate of highways

Project Number

4939-D1-17, KGM-ARGE/2017-1

Thanks

This study was supported by SDU (Süleyman Demirel University) scientific research project 4939-D1-17 and KGM-ARGE/2017-1 KGM (General Directorate of highways) project.

References

  • AASHTO, 1993. Guide For Design Of Pavement Structures. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington DC.
  • AASHTO T 307-99, 2012. Determining the Resilient Modulus of Soils and Aggregate Materials. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington DC.
  • Almeida, M.D., Gomes, J.C., Sangiorgi, C., Zoorob, S.E., Afonso, M.L., 2016. Performance of Warm Mix Recycled Asphalt containing up to 100% RAP. Construction and Building Materials, 112, 1–6.
  • Arguelles, G.M., Giustozzi, F., Crispino, M., Flintsch, G.W., 2015. Laboratory Investigation on Mechanical Performance of Cold Foamed Bitumen Mixes: Bitumen Source, Foaming Additive, Fiber-Reinforcement and Cement Effect. Construction and Building Materials, 93, 241-248.
  • ARRA, 2001. Asphalt Recycling and Reclaiming Association Basic Manual, USA, 269p.
  • Asphalt Academy, 2009. Technical Guideline: Bitumen Stabilised Materials, TG2 Second edition, ISBN 978-0-7988-5582-2
  • Brown, S.F., Needham, D., 2000. A Study of Cement Modified Bitumen Emulsion Mixtures, Asphalt Paving Technologists Proc, 69, 92–121.
  • Cardone F., Grilli A., Bocci, M., Graziani, A., 2014. Curing and Temperature Sensitivity of Cement–Bitumen Treated Materials, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 16(10), 868-880
  • Cizkova, Z., Sedina, J., Valentin, J., Engels, M., 2016. Laboratory Experience with the Application of Monotonic Triaxial Test on the Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixes. 6th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, 1-3 June, Prague, Czech Republic
  • Diab, A., Enieb, M., 2018. Investigating Influence of Mineral Filler at Asphalt Mixture and Mastic Scales.International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, 11, 213–224
  • Dolzycki, B., Jaczewski, M., Szydlowski, C., 2017. The Long-Term Properties of Mineral Cement-Emulsion Mixtures, Construction and Building Materials 156, 799–808.
  • Dong, F., Yu, X., Liang, X., Ding, G., Wei, J., 2017. Influence of Foaming Water and Aging Process on the Properties of Foamed Asphalt. Construction and Building Materials, 153, 866–874.
  • Erten, K. M., 2020. Köpük Bitüm ile Yerinde ve Soğuk Geri Kazanılmış Bitümlü Sıcak Karışımların Karayolunda Kullanılabilirliği ve Performansının Araştırılması, Süleyman Demirel University, Ph.D. Thesis, Isparta, Turkey, 169p.
  • Erten, K.M., Terzi, S., Akbulut, H., 2020. Effect of Bitumen Grade, Bitumen Percentage and Mineral Binders on Mixture Properties in Foam Bitumen Stabilized RAP Materials. Innovations in Civil Engineering and Technology, 2(1), 1-11.
  • Fadmoro, O.F., Kar, S.S., Tiwari, D., 2022. Characterisation of Foam Bitumen Mixes with Diffrent RAP Content at Elevated Mixing Temperature Using Design of Experiment (DOE) Approach, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, DOI: 10.1080/10298436.2021.2020785
  • Fu, P., Jones, D., Harvey, J.T., Bukhari, S.A., 2009. Laboratory Test Methods for Foamed Asphalt Mix Resilient Modulus. Road Materials and Pavement Design, 10(1), 188-212.
  • Fu, P., Jones, D., Harvey, J.T., Halles, F., 2010. An Investigation of the Curing Mechanism of Foamed Asphalt Mixes Based on Micromechanics Principles. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 22(1), 29-38 General Directorate of Highways, 2003. Toprak ve Stabilizasyon Laboratuvarı El Kitabı. Ankara, Turkey, pp. 77-114.
  • Graziani, A., Godenzoni, C., Cardone, F., Bocci, M., 2016. Effect of Curing on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cold-Recycled Bituminous Mixtures. Materials & Design, 95, 358–369.
  • Graziani, A., Iafelice, C., Raschia, S., Perraton, D., Carter, A., 2018. A Procedure for Characterizing the Curing Process of Cold Recycled Bitumen Emulsion Mixtures. Construction and Building Materials, 173, 754–762.
  • Hasan, A., Hasan, U., Whyte, A., Jassmi, H., A., 2022. Lifecycle Analysis of Recycled Asphalt Pavements: Case Study Scenario Analyses of an Urban Highway Section. CivilEng, 3(2), 242-262.
  • Huang, Y.H., 2003. Pavement Analysis and Design 2nd Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, United States of America, 775.
  • Iwanski, M., Kowalska, A.C., 2013. Laboratory Study on Mechanical Parameters of Foamed Bitumen Mixtures in the Cold Recycling Technology. Procedia Engineering, 57, 433 – 442.
  • Iwanski, M., Mazurek, G., Buczynski, P., Iwanski, M., M., 2022. Effects of hydraulic binder composition on the rheological characteristics of recycled mixtures with foamed bitumen for full depth reclamation. Construction and Building Materials, 330.
  • Jenkins, K.J., 2000. Mix Design Considerations for Cold and Half-cold Bituminous Mixes with Emphasis on Foamed Bitumen. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, 368.
  • Khosla, N.P., Nair, H., Beth, V., Glen, M., 2012. Effect of Reclaimed Asphalt and Virgin Binder on Rheological Properties of Binder Blends. International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, 5(5), 317–25.
  • Khosravifar, S., Schwartz, C.W., Goulias, D.G., 2015. Mechanistic Structural Properties of Foamed Asphalt Stabilised Base Materials. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 16(1), 27-38.
  • Khosravifar, S., Design and mechanical properties of foamed asphalt stabilized base material M. S. thesis, University of Maryland, Maryland, 2012.
  • Kumrawat, S., Deulkar, V., 2019. A Research on Foamed Bitumen. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 6(5) 6969-6974.
  • Mondal P., G., Kuna K., K., 2022. Mix design considerations for foamed bitumen stabilized materials: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 326.
  • Muthen, K.M., 1998. Foamed Asphalt Mixes Mix Design Procedure. Report No: CR-98/077, 31p.
  • Patel, A., Kulkarni, M.P., Rao, K.V.K., Singh, D.N., Gumaste, S.D., 2008. A Methodology for Determination of Resilient Modulus of Asphaltic Concrete. The 12th International Conference of International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics (IACMAG), 1-6 October, Goa, India.
  • Pitawala, S., Sounthararajant, A., Bodin, D., Kodikara, J., 2022. Advanced characterisation of flexural fatigue performance of foamed bitumen stabilised pavement materials. Construction and Building Materials, 341.
  • Romanoschi, S.A., Hossain, M., Heitzman, M., Gisi, A. J., 2003. Foamed Asphalt Stabilized Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement: A Promising Technology for Mid-Western Roads Mid-Continent Transportation Research Symposium, August, Ames, Iowa.
  • Saleh, A., Gaspar, L., 2021. Performance of Foamed Bitumen Bound Asphalt Mixtures Under Various Mixing and Compaction Temperatures. World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 7(12), 15-21.
  • Schwartz, C.W., Khosravifar, S., 2013. Design and Evaluation of Foamed Asphalt Base Materials. Report no: SP909B4E, 86p.
  • Shao-peng, W., Gang, L., Lian-tong, M., Zheng, C., Qun-shan, Y., 2006. Effect of fiber types on relevant properties of porous asphalt. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. Vol. 16, pp. 791-795.
  • Sunarjono, S., 2008. The Influence of Foamed Bitumen Characteristics of Cold-Mix Asphalt Properties. The University of Nottingham, Nottingham Transportation Engineering Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Doctor of Philosophy, Nottingham, 311p.
  • Taha, R., Harthy, A.A., Shamsi, K.A. and Zubeidi, M.A., Cement stabilization of reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregate for road bases and subbases, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 14(3), pp. 239-245, 2002
  • Thompson, M.R., Garcia, L., Carpenter, S.H., 2009. Cold in Place Recycling and Full Depth Recycling with Asphalt Products (CIR&FDRWAP). Report no: FHWA-ICT-09-036, 28p.
  • Tia, M., Wood, L. E., 1983. Use of Asphalt Emulsion and Foamed Asphalt in Cold-Recycled Asphalt Paving Mixtures. Transportation Research Record, 898, 315–321.
  • Turk, J., Pranjic, A.M., Mladenovic, A., Cotic, Z., Jurjavcic, P., 2016. Environmental Comparison of Two Alternative Road Pavement Rehabilitation Techniques: Cold-In-Place-Recycling Versus Traditional Reconstruction. Journal of Cleaner Production, 121, 45-55.
  • Valentova, T., Altman, J., Valentin, J., 2016. Impact of Asphalt Ageing on the Activity of Adhesion Promoters and the Moisture Susceptibility. Transportation Research Procedia, 14, 768-777.
  • Wahhab, H.A.A., Baig, M.G., Mahmoud I.A. and. Kattan, H.M., Study of road bases construction in Saudi Arabia using foam asphalt, Construction and Building Materials, 26, pp. 113–121, 2012
  • Wirtgen, 2012. Cold Recycling – Wirtgen Cold Recycling Technology, Wirtgen Cold Recycling Manual, Germany, 368.
  • Woszuk, A., Zofka, A., Bandura, L., Franus, W., 2017. Effect of Zeolite Properties on Asphalt Foaming. Construction and Building Materials, 139, 247–255.
  • Yan, J., Zhu, H., Zhang, Z., Gao, L., Charmot, S., 2014. The Theoretical Analysis of the RAP Aged Asphalt Influence on the Performance of Asphalt Emulsion Cold Recycled Mixes. Construction and Building Materials, 71, 444–450.
  • Zaumanis, M., Mallick, R.B., Frank, R., 2016. 100% Hot Mix Asphalt Recycling: Challenges and Benefits. Transportation Research Procedia, 14, 3493 – 3502.
  • Zou, J., Isola, M., Roque, R., Chun, S., Koh, C., Lopp, G., 2013. Effect of Hydrated Lime on Fracture Performance of Asphalt Mixture. Construction and Building Materials, 44, 302–308.
  • İnternet kaynakları
  • 1- https://eapa.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/EAPApaper_Asphalt_the-100-_recyclable_construction-product.pdf, (27.05.2020)
  • 2- https://www.piarc.org/ressources/documents/actes-seminaires0102/c78-pologne02/9117,2.5-TC7-8-2002-Jacobson.pdf, (01.04.2020)
  • 3-https://www.asphaltpavement.org/PDFs/mechdes3.pdf, (23.08.2020)

Sathi Kaplamalı Yolların Köpük Bitümle Soğuk Geri Kazanımının Araştırılması

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 6, 1388 - 1399, 28.12.2022

Kemal Muhammet Erten , Serdal Terzi , Hüseyin Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1072221

Abstract

Tüm dünyada sathi kaplamalı yolların BSK (bitümlü sıcak karışım) yollara dönüştürülme trendi günden güne artmaktadır. Ömrünü tamamlamış sathi kaplamalar barındırdığı agrega ve bitüm nedeniyle geri dönüşüm için önemli bir kaynaktır.
Çalışmada, sathi kaplamaların bitümlü sıcak karışımlara göre düşük bitüm yüzdesiyle üretilmesi ve içerisinde ki agreganın zaman içerisinde iklimsel şartlar ve trafik yükleri nedeniyle yıpranması nedeniyle geri kazanıldığında karşılaşılacak muhtemel performans düşüklüğünün giderilmesi için köpük bitüm ve aktif filler ürünlerle karıştırılarak, BSK yolların temel tabakalarında kullanılabilirliği araştırılmaya çalışılmıştır.
Geri kazanılmış sathi kaplamaların köpük bitüm ve aktif filler malzemelerle soğuk geri kazanımını teknik açıdan değerlendirebilmek için yapılan bu çalışmada; 70/100 bitüm sınıfı için 5 farklı bitüm yüzdesinde karışımlar hazırlanmış ve bu bitüm sınıfı için ideal bitüm yüzdesi araştırılmıştır. 50/70-100/150-160/220 bitüm sınıfları ile tek bitüm yüzdesinde (2.5%) hazırlanan karışımlarla da bitüm sınıfının karışım performansına etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Çimento, sönmüş kireç ve uçucu kül olmak üzere üç farklı aktif filler için karışımlar hazırlanarak hangi aktif fillerin köpük bitümlü karışımlar için uygun sonuç vereceği araştırılmıştır. Tüm bu üretimleri değerlendirebilmek amacıyla dolaylı çekme modülü, serbest basınç dayanımı, üç eksenli esneklik modülü, asfalt kalıcı deformasyon testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Elde edilen sonuçlar göstermiştir ki 2% civarında köpük bitüm ve 1% çimento kullanılarak yapılan üretim nem hassasiyeti açısından ve yapısal stabilite açısından uygun olduğunu göstermiştir. Sathi kaplamaların köpük bitüm ve çimento kullanılarak geri kazanılması, hem atık hem de hammadde tüketiminin azaltılması ile çevresel ve ekonomik olarak fayda sağlayacak bir yöntemdir.

Keywords

Sathi Kaplama Köpük bitüm Serbest basınç dayanımı Dolaylı çekme dayanımı Esneklik Modülü

Project Number

4939-D1-17, KGM-ARGE/2017-1

References

  • AASHTO, 1993. Guide For Design Of Pavement Structures. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington DC.
  • AASHTO T 307-99, 2012. Determining the Resilient Modulus of Soils and Aggregate Materials. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington DC.
  • Almeida, M.D., Gomes, J.C., Sangiorgi, C., Zoorob, S.E., Afonso, M.L., 2016. Performance of Warm Mix Recycled Asphalt containing up to 100% RAP. Construction and Building Materials, 112, 1–6.
  • Arguelles, G.M., Giustozzi, F., Crispino, M., Flintsch, G.W., 2015. Laboratory Investigation on Mechanical Performance of Cold Foamed Bitumen Mixes: Bitumen Source, Foaming Additive, Fiber-Reinforcement and Cement Effect. Construction and Building Materials, 93, 241-248.
  • ARRA, 2001. Asphalt Recycling and Reclaiming Association Basic Manual, USA, 269p.
  • Asphalt Academy, 2009. Technical Guideline: Bitumen Stabilised Materials, TG2 Second edition, ISBN 978-0-7988-5582-2
  • Brown, S.F., Needham, D., 2000. A Study of Cement Modified Bitumen Emulsion Mixtures, Asphalt Paving Technologists Proc, 69, 92–121.
  • Cardone F., Grilli A., Bocci, M., Graziani, A., 2014. Curing and Temperature Sensitivity of Cement–Bitumen Treated Materials, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 16(10), 868-880
  • Cizkova, Z., Sedina, J., Valentin, J., Engels, M., 2016. Laboratory Experience with the Application of Monotonic Triaxial Test on the Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixes. 6th Eurasphalt & Eurobitume Congress, 1-3 June, Prague, Czech Republic
  • Diab, A., Enieb, M., 2018. Investigating Influence of Mineral Filler at Asphalt Mixture and Mastic Scales.International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, 11, 213–224
  • Dolzycki, B., Jaczewski, M., Szydlowski, C., 2017. The Long-Term Properties of Mineral Cement-Emulsion Mixtures, Construction and Building Materials 156, 799–808.
  • Dong, F., Yu, X., Liang, X., Ding, G., Wei, J., 2017. Influence of Foaming Water and Aging Process on the Properties of Foamed Asphalt. Construction and Building Materials, 153, 866–874.
  • Erten, K. M., 2020. Köpük Bitüm ile Yerinde ve Soğuk Geri Kazanılmış Bitümlü Sıcak Karışımların Karayolunda Kullanılabilirliği ve Performansının Araştırılması, Süleyman Demirel University, Ph.D. Thesis, Isparta, Turkey, 169p.
  • Erten, K.M., Terzi, S., Akbulut, H., 2020. Effect of Bitumen Grade, Bitumen Percentage and Mineral Binders on Mixture Properties in Foam Bitumen Stabilized RAP Materials. Innovations in Civil Engineering and Technology, 2(1), 1-11.
  • Fadmoro, O.F., Kar, S.S., Tiwari, D., 2022. Characterisation of Foam Bitumen Mixes with Diffrent RAP Content at Elevated Mixing Temperature Using Design of Experiment (DOE) Approach, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, DOI: 10.1080/10298436.2021.2020785
  • Fu, P., Jones, D., Harvey, J.T., Bukhari, S.A., 2009. Laboratory Test Methods for Foamed Asphalt Mix Resilient Modulus. Road Materials and Pavement Design, 10(1), 188-212.
  • Fu, P., Jones, D., Harvey, J.T., Halles, F., 2010. An Investigation of the Curing Mechanism of Foamed Asphalt Mixes Based on Micromechanics Principles. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 22(1), 29-38 General Directorate of Highways, 2003. Toprak ve Stabilizasyon Laboratuvarı El Kitabı. Ankara, Turkey, pp. 77-114.
  • Graziani, A., Godenzoni, C., Cardone, F., Bocci, M., 2016. Effect of Curing on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cold-Recycled Bituminous Mixtures. Materials & Design, 95, 358–369.
  • Graziani, A., Iafelice, C., Raschia, S., Perraton, D., Carter, A., 2018. A Procedure for Characterizing the Curing Process of Cold Recycled Bitumen Emulsion Mixtures. Construction and Building Materials, 173, 754–762.
  • Hasan, A., Hasan, U., Whyte, A., Jassmi, H., A., 2022. Lifecycle Analysis of Recycled Asphalt Pavements: Case Study Scenario Analyses of an Urban Highway Section. CivilEng, 3(2), 242-262.
  • Huang, Y.H., 2003. Pavement Analysis and Design 2nd Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, United States of America, 775.
  • Iwanski, M., Kowalska, A.C., 2013. Laboratory Study on Mechanical Parameters of Foamed Bitumen Mixtures in the Cold Recycling Technology. Procedia Engineering, 57, 433 – 442.
  • Iwanski, M., Mazurek, G., Buczynski, P., Iwanski, M., M., 2022. Effects of hydraulic binder composition on the rheological characteristics of recycled mixtures with foamed bitumen for full depth reclamation. Construction and Building Materials, 330.
  • Jenkins, K.J., 2000. Mix Design Considerations for Cold and Half-cold Bituminous Mixes with Emphasis on Foamed Bitumen. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, 368.
  • Khosla, N.P., Nair, H., Beth, V., Glen, M., 2012. Effect of Reclaimed Asphalt and Virgin Binder on Rheological Properties of Binder Blends. International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology, 5(5), 317–25.
  • Khosravifar, S., Schwartz, C.W., Goulias, D.G., 2015. Mechanistic Structural Properties of Foamed Asphalt Stabilised Base Materials. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 16(1), 27-38.
  • Khosravifar, S., Design and mechanical properties of foamed asphalt stabilized base material M. S. thesis, University of Maryland, Maryland, 2012.
  • Kumrawat, S., Deulkar, V., 2019. A Research on Foamed Bitumen. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 6(5) 6969-6974.
  • Mondal P., G., Kuna K., K., 2022. Mix design considerations for foamed bitumen stabilized materials: A review. Construction and Building Materials, 326.
  • Muthen, K.M., 1998. Foamed Asphalt Mixes Mix Design Procedure. Report No: CR-98/077, 31p.
  • Patel, A., Kulkarni, M.P., Rao, K.V.K., Singh, D.N., Gumaste, S.D., 2008. A Methodology for Determination of Resilient Modulus of Asphaltic Concrete. The 12th International Conference of International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics (IACMAG), 1-6 October, Goa, India.
  • Pitawala, S., Sounthararajant, A., Bodin, D., Kodikara, J., 2022. Advanced characterisation of flexural fatigue performance of foamed bitumen stabilised pavement materials. Construction and Building Materials, 341.
  • Romanoschi, S.A., Hossain, M., Heitzman, M., Gisi, A. J., 2003. Foamed Asphalt Stabilized Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement: A Promising Technology for Mid-Western Roads Mid-Continent Transportation Research Symposium, August, Ames, Iowa.
  • Saleh, A., Gaspar, L., 2021. Performance of Foamed Bitumen Bound Asphalt Mixtures Under Various Mixing and Compaction Temperatures. World Wide Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 7(12), 15-21.
  • Schwartz, C.W., Khosravifar, S., 2013. Design and Evaluation of Foamed Asphalt Base Materials. Report no: SP909B4E, 86p.
  • Shao-peng, W., Gang, L., Lian-tong, M., Zheng, C., Qun-shan, Y., 2006. Effect of fiber types on relevant properties of porous asphalt. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China. Vol. 16, pp. 791-795.
  • Sunarjono, S., 2008. The Influence of Foamed Bitumen Characteristics of Cold-Mix Asphalt Properties. The University of Nottingham, Nottingham Transportation Engineering Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Doctor of Philosophy, Nottingham, 311p.
  • Taha, R., Harthy, A.A., Shamsi, K.A. and Zubeidi, M.A., Cement stabilization of reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregate for road bases and subbases, Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 14(3), pp. 239-245, 2002
  • Thompson, M.R., Garcia, L., Carpenter, S.H., 2009. Cold in Place Recycling and Full Depth Recycling with Asphalt Products (CIR&FDRWAP). Report no: FHWA-ICT-09-036, 28p.
  • Tia, M., Wood, L. E., 1983. Use of Asphalt Emulsion and Foamed Asphalt in Cold-Recycled Asphalt Paving Mixtures. Transportation Research Record, 898, 315–321.
  • Turk, J., Pranjic, A.M., Mladenovic, A., Cotic, Z., Jurjavcic, P., 2016. Environmental Comparison of Two Alternative Road Pavement Rehabilitation Techniques: Cold-In-Place-Recycling Versus Traditional Reconstruction. Journal of Cleaner Production, 121, 45-55.
  • Valentova, T., Altman, J., Valentin, J., 2016. Impact of Asphalt Ageing on the Activity of Adhesion Promoters and the Moisture Susceptibility. Transportation Research Procedia, 14, 768-777.
  • Wahhab, H.A.A., Baig, M.G., Mahmoud I.A. and. Kattan, H.M., Study of road bases construction in Saudi Arabia using foam asphalt, Construction and Building Materials, 26, pp. 113–121, 2012
  • Wirtgen, 2012. Cold Recycling – Wirtgen Cold Recycling Technology, Wirtgen Cold Recycling Manual, Germany, 368.
  • Woszuk, A., Zofka, A., Bandura, L., Franus, W., 2017. Effect of Zeolite Properties on Asphalt Foaming. Construction and Building Materials, 139, 247–255.
  • Yan, J., Zhu, H., Zhang, Z., Gao, L., Charmot, S., 2014. The Theoretical Analysis of the RAP Aged Asphalt Influence on the Performance of Asphalt Emulsion Cold Recycled Mixes. Construction and Building Materials, 71, 444–450.
  • Zaumanis, M., Mallick, R.B., Frank, R., 2016. 100% Hot Mix Asphalt Recycling: Challenges and Benefits. Transportation Research Procedia, 14, 3493 – 3502.
  • Zou, J., Isola, M., Roque, R., Chun, S., Koh, C., Lopp, G., 2013. Effect of Hydrated Lime on Fracture Performance of Asphalt Mixture. Construction and Building Materials, 44, 302–308.
  • İnternet kaynakları
  • 1- https://eapa.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/EAPApaper_Asphalt_the-100-_recyclable_construction-product.pdf, (27.05.2020)
  • 2- https://www.piarc.org/ressources/documents/actes-seminaires0102/c78-pologne02/9117,2.5-TC7-8-2002-Jacobson.pdf, (01.04.2020)
  • 3-https://www.asphaltpavement.org/PDFs/mechdes3.pdf, (23.08.2020)
There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Kemal Muhammet Erten 0000-0001-5181-4109

Serdal Terzi 0000-0002-4776-824X

Hüseyin Akbulut 0000-0003-4504-4384

Project Number 4939-D1-17, KGM-ARGE/2017-1
Early Pub Date December 15, 2022
Publication Date December 28, 2022
Submission Date February 14, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 22 Issue: 6

Cite

APA Erten, K. M., Terzi, S., & Akbulut, H. (2022). Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment with Foam Bitumen. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 22(6), 1388-1399. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1072221
AMA Erten KM, Terzi S, Akbulut H. Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment with Foam Bitumen. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. December 2022;22(6):1388-1399. doi:10.35414/akufemubid.1072221
Chicago Erten, Kemal Muhammet, Serdal Terzi, and Hüseyin Akbulut. “Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment With Foam Bitumen”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 22, no. 6 (December 2022): 1388-99. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1072221.
EndNote Erten KM, Terzi S, Akbulut H (December 1, 2022) Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment with Foam Bitumen. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 22 6 1388–1399.
IEEE K. M. Erten, S. Terzi, and H. Akbulut, “Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment with Foam Bitumen”, Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 1388–1399, 2022, doi: 10.35414/akufemubid.1072221.
ISNAD Erten, Kemal Muhammet et al. “Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment With Foam Bitumen”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 22/6 (December 2022), 1388-1399. https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1072221.
JAMA Erten KM, Terzi S, Akbulut H. Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment with Foam Bitumen. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;22:1388–1399.
MLA Erten, Kemal Muhammet et al. “Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment With Foam Bitumen”. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 22, no. 6, 2022, pp. 1388-99, doi:10.35414/akufemubid.1072221.
Vancouver Erten KM, Terzi S, Akbulut H. Investigation of Cold Recycling of Bituminous Surface Treatment with Foam Bitumen. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;22(6):1388-99.
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