<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>akusbd</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1302-1265</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2149-4894</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Afyon Kocatepe University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.32709/akusosbil.1288640</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Tourism (Other)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Turizm (Diğer)</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>The State of Tourism as “Freedom” and “Being on the Road”: A Research on Understanding the Caravan Tourists in Türkiye</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Turizmin “Özgürlük” ve “Yolda Olmak” Hâli: Türkiye’deki Karavan Turistlerini Anlamaya Yönelik Bir Araştırma</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0752-6799</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Türkay</surname>
                                    <given-names>Oğuz</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>SAKARYA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ TURİZM FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5136-9217</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Dilmaç</surname>
                                    <given-names>Eminsafa</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>SAKARYA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ TURİZM FAKÜLTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-2981</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Taşarer</surname>
                                    <given-names>Emrah</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Batman Üniversitesi, Turizm Fakültesi</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20240404">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>04</month>
                    <year>2024</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>26</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>385</fpage>
                                        <lpage>408</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20230427">
                        <day>04</day>
                        <month>27</month>
                        <year>2023</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20240314">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>14</month>
                        <year>2024</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1999, Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1999</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Social Sciences</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Caravan tourism is a distinct type of tourism that stands out from other forms of tourism due to its travel/accommodation style and the characteristics of its tourist base. This study aims to understand the tourist segment targeted by this unique tourism type. A qualitative research approach was adopted using a phenomenological research design. For this purpose, an 11-question interview form was prepared, and 21 participants were selected using haphazard sampling among caravan tourists who attended the caravan festival in Sapanca. The obtained data were analyzed using content analysis techniques, and the resulting codes were categorized, leading to the emergence of general themes. The findings of the study showed that the motivations of the participants to travel by caravan were consistent with the literature, with the &quot;freedom&quot; theme being dominant, while caravan travel was also seen as a source of &quot;pleasure/passion&quot; and a means to &quot;socialize.&quot; When examining the factors that attracted participants to caravan travel, themes such as &quot;green areas&quot; and &quot;sea/lakefront&quot; were found to be appealing, as well as the ability to go &quot;anywhere desired&quot; and the availability of &quot;security facilities.&quot; Furthermore, it was found that caravan tourism was viewed more as a desire for &quot;being on the road&quot; rather than as a form of accommodation. The study also revealed meaningful findings related to the vacation experiences, preferences, and personal characteristics of caravan tourists. The most common problems faced by caravaners were inadequate infrastructure/facilities, waste management issues, and safety concerns.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Karavan turizmi sahip olduğu seyahat/konaklama şekli ve turist yapısı gibi unsurlarıyla diğer turizm türleri arasından sıyrılan özel bir turizm çeşididir. Bu çalışma, en temelde bu özel turizm türünün hitap ettiği turist kitlesini anlamaya yönelik olarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nitel araştırma yönteminin benimsendiği çalışmada, olgubilim araştırma deseninden yararlanılmıştır. Bunun için 11 soruluk bir mülakat formu hazırlanmış ve Sapanca’da gerçekleştirilen karavancılık festivaline katılan karavan turistlerinden olasılıklı olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden gelişigüzel örnekleme yoluyla 21 kişi seçilerek örnekleme dâhil edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi tekniği ile kodlara ayrılmış, ulaşılan kodlardan kategoriler oluşturulmuş ve daha sonra genel temalara ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç olarak katılımcıların karavanla seyahat motivasyonlarına yönelik literatürle paralellik gösteren bulgulara erişilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, karavan turistlerini seyahate iten faktörlerden “özgürlük” temasının çok ağır bastığı ve bunun yanında karavanın bir “keyif/tutku” ile “sosyalleşme” alanı olarak görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Yine karavanla seyahat motivasyonlarına ilişkin çeken faktörlere bakıldığında, katılımcıların ‘‘yeşil alanlar’’ ve ‘‘deniz/göl’’ kenarı gibi çekicilikler ile ‘‘istenen herhangi bir yere gidebilme’’ ve ‘‘güvenlik olanakları’’ temalarını ön plana çıkardıkları görülmüştür. Ayrıca karavan turistlerinin karavanla seyahati bir konaklamadan çok “yolda olma” arzusu olarak gördükleri bu çalışmada tespit edilen diğer bir unsurdur. Öte yandan çalışmada karavan turistlerinin tatil deneyimleri, tercihleri ve kişisel özelliklerine ilişkin anlamlı bulgulara erişilmiştir. Karavancıların yaşadıkları sorunlara ilişkin en çok ifade ettiği problemler ise tesis-altyapı yetersizliği, çöp sorunu ve güvenlik endişesi gibi sorunlardır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Karavan turizmi</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  karavancılık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  motivasyon</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  özgürlük</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Caravan tourism</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  caravanning</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  motivation</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  freedom</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                                                        </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Abutalıbov, N. (2019). Motosikletle seyahat eden turistlerin motivasyon unsurlarının belirlenmesi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Sakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, Sakarya.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Abutalibov, N. ve Türkay, O. (2021). Motosikletle seyahat eden turistler için kritik motivasyon unsurlarının önem düzeyleri. Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 24(46), 1169-1184.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akoğlan Kozak, M. ve Bahçe, S. (2009). Özel ilgi turizmi. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akoğlan Kozak, M. ve Kale, D. (2023). fenomenolojik sosyoloji öncüllerinin turizm alanyazın üzerinden değerlendirilmesi. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 34(1), 71-82.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Akpur, A. ve Zengin, B. (2019). İznik gölü ile çevresinin kamp ve karavan turizm potansiyelinin değerlendirilmesi evaluatıon of campıng and caravan tourısm potentıal of Iznık lake and ıts envıronment. Turar Turizm ve Araştırma Dergisi, 8(2), 4-20.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Altan, Z. B. (2007). Belgesel film çekim ekibi için tasarlanan minimum ölçekte mobil mekân araştırma ve incelemesi (Yüksek lisans tezi). Mimar Sinan Güzel Sanatlar Üniversitesi, İstanbul.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Aydın, A. (2001). Gelişim ve öğrenme psikolojisi. İstanbul: Alfa Yayınları.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Baltacı, A. (2019). Nitel araştırma süreci: Nitel bir araştırma nasıl yapılır? Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 368-388.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Başkale, H. (2016). Nitel araştırmalarda geçerlik, güvenirlik ve örneklem büyüklüğünün belirlenmesi . Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 9(1), 23-28.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bengtsson, M. (2016). How to plan and perform a qualitative study using content analysis. NursingPlus open, 2, 8-14.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Brooker, E. ve Joppe, M. (2013). Trends in camping and outdoor hospitality—An ınternational review. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 4(3), 1-6.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bultena G. ve Taves M.J. (1960). Tenting on a park campground. Conservation Volunteer, 23, 60-64.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Counts D.A. ve Counts D.R. (1992) They’re my family now: the creation of community among RVers. Anthropologica, 34(2): 153–182.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Crompton, J. (1998). Emergence of the unfair competition issue in United States recreation. Managing Leisure, 3(2), 57–70.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çolak, O. ve Batman, O. (2019). Turizmde kriz yönetimi: İstanbul örneği. Safran Kültür ve Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(3), 351-371.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dann, G.M.S. (1977). Anomie, ego-enhancement and tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 4(4), 184–194.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Devesa, M., Laguna, M., &amp; Palacios, A. (2010). The role of motivation in visitor satisfaction: Empirical evidence in rural tourism. Tourism management, 31(4), 547-552.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dunn Ross E.L. ve Iso-Ahola S.E. (1991). Sightseeing tourists’ motivation and satisfaction. Annals of Tourism Research, 18(2) 226–237.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Federation International Camping and Caravaning (2018) Freedom. Movement. The Great Outdoors. https://ficc.org/en/camping/ (Erişim Tarihi: 15.05.2022).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Foley, C. ve Hayllar, B. (2007). A tale of two caravan parks: friendship, community and the freedom thing. Tourism Today, 7, 7–28.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Garst, B. A., Williams, D.R. ve Roggenbuck, J.W. (2009). Exploring early twenty-first century developed forest camping experiences and meanings. Leisure Sciences, 32(1), 90-107.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hardy A., Hanson, D. ve Gretzel, U. (2012) Online representations of RVing neo-tribes in the USA and Australia. Journal of Tourism an.d Cultural Change, 10(3): 219–232.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hardy, A., &amp; Gretzel, U. (2008). It’s all about me: Understanding recreational vehicle useage (caravanning) on the Alaska Highway. Cauthe 2008 Conference, 1-11.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Iso-Ahola, S. E. (1982). Toward a social psychological theory of tourism motivation: A rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research, 9(2), 256-262.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kearns, R., Collins, D., &amp; Bates, L. (2017). “It’s freedom!”: examining the motivations and experiences of coastal freedom campers in New Zealand. Leisure Studies, 36(3), 395-408.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kenar, G. (2023). Karavan turistlerinin motivasyonuna etki eden unsurların belirlenmesi. Güncel Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(2), 445-466.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Klenosky, D. B. (2002). The ‘pull’ of tourism destinations: A means-end investigation. Journal of Travel Research, 40(4), 385–395.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Korkmaz, M. (2001). Orman kaynaklarında doğa turizmi ve av turizmi etkinliklerinin ekonomik çözümlemeleri (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lashley, C. (2015). Researching snails on holiday: An agenda for caravanning and caravanners?. Research in Hospitality Management, 5(2), 115-122.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mannell, R.C. ve Iso-Ihola, S.E. (1987). Psychological nature of leisure and tourism experience. Annals of Tourism Research, 14(3), 314–331.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Meng, F., Tepanon, Y., ve Uysal, M. (2008). Measuring tourist satisfaction by attribute and motivation: The case of a nature-based resort. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 14(1), 41-56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mikkelsen, M. V., &amp; Cohen, S. A. (2015). Freedom in mundane mobilities: Caravanning in Denmark. Tourism Geographies, 17(5), 663-681.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mundet, L., Grijalvo, M., &amp; Marin, J. (2023). Are Camper Travel Lovers the New Wave of Tourism? A Growing Trend for Destinations. International Journal of Hospitality &amp; Tourism Administration, 1-22.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Okumuş, A. (2013). Tüketici davranışı: Teorik ve uygulamalı bir yaklaşım. İstanbul: Türkmen Kitabevi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Olcay, A. ve Turhan, U. (2017). Opinions and ınterviews of glamping service owners and business directors about “new tourism trend: Glamping” in Turkey (Muğla and Antalya sample) . Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 16(4), 980-996.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Önder, S. ve Suri, L. (2022). Mobil yaşamda konfor ve tasarım. Journal of Architectural Sciences and Applications, 7(1), 26-41.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ötügen, E. (2010). Eco tourism and caravan tourism. International Symposium on the Biology of Rare and Endemic Plant Species. Ankara: Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Park, S., Yang, Y. ve Wang, M. (2019). Travel distance and hotel service satisfaction: An inverted U-shaped relationship, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 261- 270.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Patterson, I., Pegg, S., &amp; Mahadevan, R. (2015). The benefits of short stay caravan travel based on the lived experiences of grey caravanners in Australia. Tourism Analysis, 20(5), 539-549.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Patton, M. Q., (1990) Qualitative evaluation and research methods. London: Sage Publications.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Prideaux, B., &amp; McClymont, H. (2006). The changing profile of caravanners in Australia. International Journal of Tourism Research, 8(1), 45-58.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rose, P., Beeby, J., ve Parker, D. (1995). Academic rigour in the lived experience of researchers using phenomenological methods in nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 21(6), 1123–1129.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sever, İ. A. (2020). Covid-19 pandemisi sonrası normalleşme sürecinde mobil mekânların mimari tasarım ölçütleri ve bir çözüm önerisi. Mimarlık ve Yaşam Dergisi, 5(2), 477-485.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sirakaya, E. ve Woodside. A.G. (2005). Building and testing theories of decision making by travelers. Tourism Management 26(6): 815–832.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sommer, K. (2020). Holidays at home - Camping and glamping as a part of domestic tourism: An overview and analysis of camping (and in particular luxury camping) as an alternative form of domestic tourism in the time of the coronavirus. IUBH Discussion Papers - Tourismus &amp; Hospitality, 6, 3-20.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Steers, R. M., Mowday, R. T., ve Shapiro, D. L. (2004). The future of work motivation theory. The Academy of Management review, 29(3), 379-387.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şengel, Ü., Genç, K., Işkın, M., Ulema, Ş. ve Uzut, İ. (2020). Turizmde “sosyal mesafe” mümkün mü? Kamp ve karavan turizmi bağlamında bir değerlendirme. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 1429-1441.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Şenol, F. (2011). Kamp ve karavan turizmi. N. Hacıoğlu ve C. Avcıkurt (Ed), Turistik Ürün Çeşitlendirmesi içinde (2. b., ss. 481-499). Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı (2018). Kırklareli il kültür ve turizm müdürlüğü, kamp ve karavan turizmi. https://kirklareli.ktb.gov.tr/ (Erişim Tarihi: 16.10.2022).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkay, O. ve Atasoy, B. (2021). İten ve çeken faktörlerin destinasyon memnuniyetine etkileri: yayla ve şehir turizmine katılan Arap turistler üzerine bir araştırma. Turizm Akademik Dergisi, 8(1), 61-76.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkiye Kamp ve Karavan Derneği (2007). Kamping standartları yönetmeliği. https://www.kampkaravan.org.tr/ (Erişim Tarihi:15.10.2022).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref52">
                        <label>52</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkiye Odalar ve Borsalar Birliği (2021). Türkiye karavan sektörü durum analizi raporu. www.tobb.org.tr (Erişim Tarihi: 25.10.2022).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref53">
                        <label>53</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkiye Otelciler Federasyonu (2019). Turizm Raporu. https://www.turofed.org.tr (Erişim Tarihi: 25.10.2022).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref54">
                        <label>54</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Türkiye Seyahat Acentaları Birliği (2021). 360 Derece kamp/karavan araştırması raporu. https://www.tursab.org.tr/ (Erişim tarihi: 27.03.2023).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref55">
                        <label>55</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Usta, Ö. (2001).  Genel turizm. İzmir: Anadolu Matbaacılık.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref56">
                        <label>56</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yılmaz, İ. (1995). Kum ve deniz yerine dağlar yaylalar. Ekonomik Trend Dergisi, 32-33.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref57">
                        <label>57</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yoon, Y. ve Uysal, M. (2005). An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty. Tourism Management 26(1): 45–56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
