EFFECTS OF IRRIGATION, GIBBERELLIC ACID AND NITROGEN ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS AND FRUIT QUALITY IN ‘SPRINGTIME’ AND ‘EARLY RED’ PEACH

Year 2007, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 58 - 70, 01.12.2007

Hakan Engin Fatih Şen Gülay Pamuk Mengü

Abstract

This study was carried out on ‘Springtime’ and ‘Early red’ peach varieties between 2002 and 2004 in Bornova – İzmir. Effects of irrigation, gibberelic acid and nitrogen on some physiological disorders (double fruit, split pit, shattered pit) and fruit quality were studied. Irrigation treatments were tested as 100 % (I100) and 20 % (I20) replenishment of water depleted at 60 cm soil profile from the 100 % replenishment treatment at ten days intervals. Gibberellic acid (GA3) and nitrogen (N) were applied to trees during summer period at the doses of 100 ppm and 920 ppm respectively. The rate of double fruit was increased by water stress in each peach cultivar however, GA3 and N application decreased the percentage of this disorder. Irrigation (100%) during final swell phase of fruit development increased fruit weight, but accelerated the occurrence of split and shattered pit. In all treatments, there were no differences in firmness, total soluble solids content (TSS), titratable acidity (TA) and fruit color. 

Keywords

Peach, irrigation, GA3, nitrogen, physiological disorders, quality

ŞEFTALİ AĞAÇLARINDA (CV. ‘SPRİNGTİME’, CV. ‘EARLY RED’) GÖRÜLEN BAZI FİZYOLOJİK BOZUKLUKLARA VE MEYVE KALİTESİNE SULAMA, GİBBERELLİN VE AZOT UYGULAMALARININ ETKİLERİ

Abstract

Bu çalışma, 2002-2004 yıllarında Bornova/İzmir koşullarında yetiştirilen ‘Springtime’ ve ‘Early red’ şeftali çeşitlerinin meyvelerinde görülen bazı fizyolojik bozukluklara (çift meyve, çekirdek
yarılması, çekirdek parçalanması) ve meyve kalitesine sulama, gibberellin ve azot uygulamalarının etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Sulama konuları her 10 günde bir 60 cm’lik toprak profilinde tüketilen suyun % 100 (I100) ve % 20 (I20) sinin uygulanması şeklinde oluşturulmuştur. Su kısıtı uygulanmayan ağaçlara, hasat sonrası yaz aylarında iki kez gibberellik asit (100 ppm GA3) yalnız veya azot (920 ppm N) ile birlikte yapraktan uygulanmıştır. Su stresi uygulanan (I20) her iki şeftali çeşidinde de çift meyve oranı belirgin şekilde artarken, diğer uygulamalarda bu fizyolojik bozukluk azalmıştır. Meyve gelişme döneminde (I100) sulama konusunun, meyve ağırlığını kısmen arttırmakla birlikte, yarılmış ve parçalanmış çekirdeğe sahip meyve oranı da artırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan uygulamaların meyve kabuk rengine, sertliğine ve meyve suyu kalite özelliklerine belirgin bir etkisi olmamıştır. 

Keywords

Şeftali, sulama, GA3, azot, fizyolojik bozukluklar, kalite

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