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ULUS ÖTESİ BELEDİYE AĞLARININ COVİD-19 İLE MÜCADELEDEKİ YERİ

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 276 - 293, 29.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1147136

Abstract

Ulus ötesi Belediye Ağları, işbirliğini kolaylaştıran politika aktörleri olarak uluslararası ilişkilerde yerini almıştır. Kentlerin, küreselleşme ve yerelleşme politikalarına eşlik eden gelişmelerle küresel politika alanında etkinliğini artırması kentler-arası işbirliklerini anlatan bir yapı olarak bu ağların önemini artırmıştır. Ağlar, çok düzeyli yönetişim bağlamında küresel yönetişimin aktörü ve yerel gündemin küresel alanda savunulmasında aracı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışma, ulus ötesi belediye ağlarının işbirliği ve ağ yaklaşımı yöntemlerine dayanarak, Covid-19 ile mücadelede kent yönetimlerine alternatif yenilikler ve çözümler sunabileceği gerçeğinden hareket etmektedir. Bu doğrultuda makale, ulus ötesi belediye ağlarının Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde kentlere sunduğu imkânları araştırmaktadır. Makalede örnek olarak Metropolis ağı alınarak, ağın faaliyetleri web sitesinde yer alan haber, yayın ve dokümanlar üzerinden incelenmiştir. İncelemeler, ağın Covid-19 ile mücadelede kent yönetimlerine ödüller, etkinlikler, kampanyalar, dünya kongreleri, en iyi uygulama paylaşımları, bilgilendirme ve projeler yoluyla alternatif çözüm yolları sunma kapasitesini ortaya koymaktadır.İlk olarak Çin’in Vuhan Eyaleti’nde aralık ayının sonlarında gelişen ve yapılan araştırmalar sonucunda 13 Ocak 2020’de tanımlanan Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı (Covid-19), kentlerde somut bir şekilde etkisini göstererek, kentsel hizmetler ve politikaları da şekillendirmektedir. Özellikle pandemi sürecinin gerektirdiği bilginin ve tecrübelerin paylaşılması gerekliliği, en iyi uygulamaların kamu politikalarında hayata geçirilmesi ve ortak mücadele stratejileri ile birlikte düşünüldüğünde, bu çalışmanın amacı pandemi ile mücadelede ulus-ötesi belediye ağlarının yerini tartışmaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada ulus-ötesi belediye ağlarının, üyesi olan kentler için pandemi sürecinde yarattığı imkânlar nelerdir? sorusu cevaplanmaya çalışılmıştır. Söz konusu sorunun cevaplanmasında örnek olarak Metropolis ağı alınarak, ağın üye kentleri kapsamında tartışmalar ve değerlendirmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir.

References

  • Acuto, M., Kosovac A., & Hartley, K. (2021). City diplomacy: another generational shift? Diplomatica, 3(1), 137-146.
  • Acuto, M., & LeffeL, B. (2021). Understanding the global ecosystem of city networks. Urban Studies, 58(9), 1758–1774.
  • Acuto, M., & Rayner, S. (2016). City Networks: Breaking Gridlocks on Forging (New) Lock ins? International Affairs, 92(5), 1147-1166.
  • Berse, K. (2019). International local cooperation. A. Farazmand (Ed.), Global encyclopedia of public administration public policy and governance, içinde (1-7). New York: NY: Springer.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Nüfus Fonu (UNFPA). (t.y.). Urbanization. https://www.unfpa.org/urbanization#readmore/expand adresinden erişildi.
  • Bizizmir. (t.y.). Askıda fatura. https://www.bizizmir.com/tr/AskidaFatura/AskidaFaturalar adresinden erişildi.
  • Boris, E. T., & Williams, R. M. (1998). Nonprofit advocacy organizations: assessing the definitions, classifications, and data. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 27, 488–507.
  • Borzel, T. A. (1998). Organizing babylon-on the different conceptions of policy networks. Public Administration, 76(2), 253-273.
  • Boyce, M., & Rebecca K. (2021). Covid-19 and the proliferation of urban networks for health security. Health Policy and Planning, 36, 357-359.
  • Bryson, J. (2014). Public value governance: moving beyond traditional public administration and the new public management. Public Administration Review, 74(4), 445-456.
  • Buis, H. (2009). The role of local government associations in ıncreasing the effectiveness of cityto-city cooperation. Habitat International, 33(2), 190-194
  • Bulkeley, H. (2005). Reconfiguring environmental governance: Towards a politics of scales and networks. Political Geography, 24, 875-902.
  • Capello, R. (2000). The city network paradigm: measuring urban network externalities. Urban Studies, 37(11), 1925-1945.
  • Council of Europe (2015). Best practice in local government. https://rm.coe.int-bpp-best-practice— programme-for-local-governments-1680746d97 adresinden erişildi.
  • Kinderlieder mit Bobby. (2020, 21 Nisan). Coronavirus (Covid-19) explained for kids and adults. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECUPnUurFKE
  • Donaldson, L. P. (2007). Advocacy by nonprofit human service agencies. Journal of Community Practice, 15(3), 139-158.
  • Dougless, M. (2002). From global intercity competition to cooperation for livable cities and economic resilience in Pacific Asia, Environment & Urbanization, 14(4), 53-68.
  • İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (t.y). www.izmir.bel.tr adresinden erişildi.
  • İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2020). Covid-19 Dirençlilik Eylem Planı. https://www.izmir.bel.tr/CKYuklenen/Covid19DirenclilikEylemPlani_TR.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Keiner, M., & Kim, A. (2007). Transnational city networks for sustainability. European Planning Studies, 15(10), 1369-1395.
  • Küçük, H. (2018). Savunuculuk atölyesi bilgi notu tanımlar, etimoloji, kavramlar ve ilkeler. http://www.civicspace.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Savunuculuk-Atolyesi-BilgiNotu.docx adresinden erişildi.
  • Manfredi Sanchez, J. L. (2021). The political economy of city diplomacy. Economic and Political Studies, 10, 1-22.
  • Meagher, K. El Achi, N. Bowsher G., & Ekzayez, A. (2021). Exploring the role of city networks in supporting urban resilience to covid-19 in conflict-affected settings. Open Health, 2, 1-20.
  • Mejía-Dugand, S., Kanda, W., ve Hjelm, O. (2016). Analyzing international city networks for sustainability: a study of five major Swedish cities. Journal of cleaner production, 134, 61-69.
  • Metropolis. (2021a). A look back on World Metropolitan Day. https://www.metropolis.org/sites/default/files/resources/World-Metropolitan-Day-Report-2021.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Metropolis. (2021b). World Metropolitan Day: Resilience for all: creating caring metropolises beyond covıd-19, https://www.metropolis.org/sites/default/files/resources/World-Metropolitan-Day-Guide.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Metropolis. (t.y.a). Gender Keys 05: Covid-19 vs gender violence, https://www.metropolis.org/sites/default/files/resources/COVID19-vs-Gender-violence.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Metropolis. (t.y.b). Members. https://www.metropolis.org/members-list adresinden erişildi. Mocca, E. (2017). City networks for sustainability in europe: an urban-level analysis. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(5), 691-710.
  • Niederhafner, S. (2013). Comparing functions of transnational city networks in Europe and Asia. Asia Europe Journal, 11, 377–396.
  • Nwankwo, F., Olabisi, T. A., ve Onwuchekwa, F. (2017). Effect of capacity building on organizational performance of multipurpose cooperative societies in osun state of nigeria, ınternational. Journal of Arts and Humanities, 6(2), 141-158.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (t.y). Global action: Promoting social and solidarity economy ecosystems. web site: https://www.oecd.org/
  • Palomo-Navarro, A., ve Navío-Marco, J. (2018). Smart city networks' governance: The Spanish smart city network case study. Telecommunications Policy, 42(10), 872-880.
  • Pipa, A. F., & Bouchet, M. (2020a). Multilateralism restored? City diplomacy in the covid-19 era. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 15, 599-610.
  • Pipa, A. F., & Bouchet, M. (2020b). How to make the most of city diplomacy in the covid 19 era [Blog yazısı]. https://www.brookings.edu-blog-up-front-2020-08-06-how-to-make-the-most-of-city-diplomacy-in-the-covid-19-era/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Prefeitura Belo Horizonte. (t.y.). https://prefeitura.pbh.gov.br/empreendedor adresinden erişildi. Reid, E. J. (2000). Understanding the word “advocacy”: context and use. E. J. Reid (Ed.), Nonprofit advocacy and policy process a seminar series structuring the inquiry into advocacy içinde. The Urban Institute.
  • Roberts, N. (2000). Wicked problems and network approaches to resolution. International Public Management Review, 1(1), 1-19.
  • Rudakowska, A., & Simon, C. (2020). International city cooperation in the fight against covid-19: behind the scenes security providers. Global Policy, 1-14.
  • Tjandradewi, B. I., ve Marcotullio, P. J. (2009). City-to-city networks: Asian perspectives on key elements and areas for success. Habitat International, 33(2), 165-172.
  • United Nation-Habitat. (2020). UN-Habitat capacity building strategy. United Nation-Habitat.
  • Vincent, C., & Stephen, C. (2015). Local government capacity building and development: lessons, challenges and opportunities. Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs, 3(1), 1-5.
  • 5th Guangzhou International Award for Urban Innovation (2021). http://www.guangzhouaward.org/uploads/20220314/42c4bcb6c87d231c2ab42c8a80b87c22.pdf adresinden erişildi.

THE EFFECT OF TRANSNATIONAL MUNICIPAL NETWORKS IN FIGHTING COVID-19

Year 2023, Volume: 24 Issue: 2, 276 - 293, 29.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1147136

Abstract

Networks have taken their place in international relations as policy actors that facilitate cooperation. The fact that cities increase their effectiveness in the field of global politics together with the developments accompanying globalization and localization policies has increased the importance of transnational municipal networks as a structure describing inter-city cooperation. Networks are evaluated together with their role as an actor of global governance in the context of multi-level governance and as an intermediary role in advocating the local agenda in the global arena. This study is predicated on the premise that transnational municipal networks can provide alternative innovations and solutions to city administrations in the fight against Covid-19, utilizing collaborative and network-based approaches. In this regard, the article investigates the opportunities offered to cities by transnational municipal networks during the Covid-19 pandemic. In the article, the Metropolis network is used as an example, and the website's news, publications, and documents are used to examine the network's activities. Through awards, events, campaigns, world congresses, best practice exchanges, information, and projects, the network is able to provide alternative solutions to city governments in the fight against Covid-19, as evidenced by the reviews.

References

  • Acuto, M., Kosovac A., & Hartley, K. (2021). City diplomacy: another generational shift? Diplomatica, 3(1), 137-146.
  • Acuto, M., & LeffeL, B. (2021). Understanding the global ecosystem of city networks. Urban Studies, 58(9), 1758–1774.
  • Acuto, M., & Rayner, S. (2016). City Networks: Breaking Gridlocks on Forging (New) Lock ins? International Affairs, 92(5), 1147-1166.
  • Berse, K. (2019). International local cooperation. A. Farazmand (Ed.), Global encyclopedia of public administration public policy and governance, içinde (1-7). New York: NY: Springer.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Nüfus Fonu (UNFPA). (t.y.). Urbanization. https://www.unfpa.org/urbanization#readmore/expand adresinden erişildi.
  • Bizizmir. (t.y.). Askıda fatura. https://www.bizizmir.com/tr/AskidaFatura/AskidaFaturalar adresinden erişildi.
  • Boris, E. T., & Williams, R. M. (1998). Nonprofit advocacy organizations: assessing the definitions, classifications, and data. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 27, 488–507.
  • Borzel, T. A. (1998). Organizing babylon-on the different conceptions of policy networks. Public Administration, 76(2), 253-273.
  • Boyce, M., & Rebecca K. (2021). Covid-19 and the proliferation of urban networks for health security. Health Policy and Planning, 36, 357-359.
  • Bryson, J. (2014). Public value governance: moving beyond traditional public administration and the new public management. Public Administration Review, 74(4), 445-456.
  • Buis, H. (2009). The role of local government associations in ıncreasing the effectiveness of cityto-city cooperation. Habitat International, 33(2), 190-194
  • Bulkeley, H. (2005). Reconfiguring environmental governance: Towards a politics of scales and networks. Political Geography, 24, 875-902.
  • Capello, R. (2000). The city network paradigm: measuring urban network externalities. Urban Studies, 37(11), 1925-1945.
  • Council of Europe (2015). Best practice in local government. https://rm.coe.int-bpp-best-practice— programme-for-local-governments-1680746d97 adresinden erişildi.
  • Kinderlieder mit Bobby. (2020, 21 Nisan). Coronavirus (Covid-19) explained for kids and adults. [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECUPnUurFKE
  • Donaldson, L. P. (2007). Advocacy by nonprofit human service agencies. Journal of Community Practice, 15(3), 139-158.
  • Dougless, M. (2002). From global intercity competition to cooperation for livable cities and economic resilience in Pacific Asia, Environment & Urbanization, 14(4), 53-68.
  • İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (t.y). www.izmir.bel.tr adresinden erişildi.
  • İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2020). Covid-19 Dirençlilik Eylem Planı. https://www.izmir.bel.tr/CKYuklenen/Covid19DirenclilikEylemPlani_TR.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Keiner, M., & Kim, A. (2007). Transnational city networks for sustainability. European Planning Studies, 15(10), 1369-1395.
  • Küçük, H. (2018). Savunuculuk atölyesi bilgi notu tanımlar, etimoloji, kavramlar ve ilkeler. http://www.civicspace.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Savunuculuk-Atolyesi-BilgiNotu.docx adresinden erişildi.
  • Manfredi Sanchez, J. L. (2021). The political economy of city diplomacy. Economic and Political Studies, 10, 1-22.
  • Meagher, K. El Achi, N. Bowsher G., & Ekzayez, A. (2021). Exploring the role of city networks in supporting urban resilience to covid-19 in conflict-affected settings. Open Health, 2, 1-20.
  • Mejía-Dugand, S., Kanda, W., ve Hjelm, O. (2016). Analyzing international city networks for sustainability: a study of five major Swedish cities. Journal of cleaner production, 134, 61-69.
  • Metropolis. (2021a). A look back on World Metropolitan Day. https://www.metropolis.org/sites/default/files/resources/World-Metropolitan-Day-Report-2021.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Metropolis. (2021b). World Metropolitan Day: Resilience for all: creating caring metropolises beyond covıd-19, https://www.metropolis.org/sites/default/files/resources/World-Metropolitan-Day-Guide.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Metropolis. (t.y.a). Gender Keys 05: Covid-19 vs gender violence, https://www.metropolis.org/sites/default/files/resources/COVID19-vs-Gender-violence.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Metropolis. (t.y.b). Members. https://www.metropolis.org/members-list adresinden erişildi. Mocca, E. (2017). City networks for sustainability in europe: an urban-level analysis. Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(5), 691-710.
  • Niederhafner, S. (2013). Comparing functions of transnational city networks in Europe and Asia. Asia Europe Journal, 11, 377–396.
  • Nwankwo, F., Olabisi, T. A., ve Onwuchekwa, F. (2017). Effect of capacity building on organizational performance of multipurpose cooperative societies in osun state of nigeria, ınternational. Journal of Arts and Humanities, 6(2), 141-158.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (t.y). Global action: Promoting social and solidarity economy ecosystems. web site: https://www.oecd.org/
  • Palomo-Navarro, A., ve Navío-Marco, J. (2018). Smart city networks' governance: The Spanish smart city network case study. Telecommunications Policy, 42(10), 872-880.
  • Pipa, A. F., & Bouchet, M. (2020a). Multilateralism restored? City diplomacy in the covid-19 era. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 15, 599-610.
  • Pipa, A. F., & Bouchet, M. (2020b). How to make the most of city diplomacy in the covid 19 era [Blog yazısı]. https://www.brookings.edu-blog-up-front-2020-08-06-how-to-make-the-most-of-city-diplomacy-in-the-covid-19-era/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Prefeitura Belo Horizonte. (t.y.). https://prefeitura.pbh.gov.br/empreendedor adresinden erişildi. Reid, E. J. (2000). Understanding the word “advocacy”: context and use. E. J. Reid (Ed.), Nonprofit advocacy and policy process a seminar series structuring the inquiry into advocacy içinde. The Urban Institute.
  • Roberts, N. (2000). Wicked problems and network approaches to resolution. International Public Management Review, 1(1), 1-19.
  • Rudakowska, A., & Simon, C. (2020). International city cooperation in the fight against covid-19: behind the scenes security providers. Global Policy, 1-14.
  • Tjandradewi, B. I., ve Marcotullio, P. J. (2009). City-to-city networks: Asian perspectives on key elements and areas for success. Habitat International, 33(2), 165-172.
  • United Nation-Habitat. (2020). UN-Habitat capacity building strategy. United Nation-Habitat.
  • Vincent, C., & Stephen, C. (2015). Local government capacity building and development: lessons, challenges and opportunities. Journal of Political Sciences & Public Affairs, 3(1), 1-5.
  • 5th Guangzhou International Award for Urban Innovation (2021). http://www.guangzhouaward.org/uploads/20220314/42c4bcb6c87d231c2ab42c8a80b87c22.pdf adresinden erişildi.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Public Administration
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Suna Ersavaş Kavanoz 0000-0003-1162-2537

Nisa Erdem 0000-0001-8258-9338

Publication Date June 29, 2023
Submission Date July 22, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 24 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Ersavaş Kavanoz, S., & Erdem, N. (2023). ULUS ÖTESİ BELEDİYE AĞLARININ COVİD-19 İLE MÜCADELEDEKİ YERİ. Anadolu Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2), 276-293. https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1147136


This work is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License since 2023.