Seed Quality of Oilseed Rape Varieties with Different Size and Colors After Three and Fifteen Months Storage

Abstract

During two years, germinability and initial growth of seedling of nine foreign varieties and four domestic varieties were studied. The seed is grouped by size (small, medium and large), color (dark transitional and light color of seed coat). Then it was preserved and at three and fifteen months of age in the laboratory and in the field, germinability, dormant seed and growth of shoot and radicle root were examined. In addition to the age, other factors (variety, size, color, period of storage) influenced significantly (P≥0.05 to P≥0.00) on seed germinability and growth of seedling.

Higher germinability is achieved from large seeds up to 3.6%. Depending on the seed coat color, the germinability varied to 11%. The seed coat color has had a high impact on maintaining germinability for fifteen months. Seeds with darker coat have also shown higher potential for storage and use in subsequent seeding periods, as determined by the application of the aging test on seed. Significant interdependence (r) was obtained between the germinability test and the growth of seedling in laboratory conditions and in field conditions. Between the germinability and the growth of the shoot and the root, a significant interdependence was established, depending on the varieties (P≥0.05 to P≥0.00).

Keywords

• age,dormancy,germinability,seed,seedlings

References

1. Adkins S W, Bellairs S M & Loch D S (2002). Seed dormancy mechanisms in warm season grass species. Euphytica 126: 13–20.
2. Ambika S, Manonmani V & Somasundaram G (2014). Review on effect of seed size on seedling vigour and seed yield. Research Journal of Seed Science 7: 31-38.
3. Baskin J M & Baskin C C (2004). A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research 14: 1-16.
4. Bewley J D (1997). Seed germination and dormancy. Plant Cell 9: 1055-1066.
5. Chaffai A & Louchichi B (2013). Effect of seed size on germination and establishment of vigorous seedlings in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Advances in Environmental Biology 7: 77–81.
6. Debeaujon I, Léon-Kloosterziel M K & Koornneef M (2000). Influence of the Testa on Seed Dormancy, Germination, and Longevity in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiology 122(2): 403–414.
7. Graham I A (2008). Seed storage oil mobilization. Annual Review of Plant Biology 59: 115–142.
8. Gu J, Chao H, Gan L, Guo L, Zhang K, Li Y, Wang H, Raboanatahiry N, Li M (2016). Proteomic dissection of seed germination and seedling establishment in Brassica napus. Frontiers in Plant Science 7: 1482. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01482

9. ISTA 2008. Biochemical test for viability: the topographical tetrazolium test. In: International Rules for Seed Testing. ISTA, Bassersdorf, Switzerland. p. 1-30.
10. ISTA 2016. International Rules for Seed Testing, Bassersdorf.
11. Kakhki H T, Kazemi M & Tavakoli H (2008). Analysis of seed size effect on seedling characteristics of different types of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences 7: 666-671.
12. Komba C G, Brunton J B & Hampton G J (2006). Accelerated ageing vigour testing of kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC) seed. Seed Science and Technology 1: 205-208.
13. Koornneef M & Karssen M C (1994). Seed dormancy and germination. In: Meyerowitz EM, Somerville CR, (Eds) Arabidopsis, Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press. pp. 313–334.
14. Liu A, Gao F, Kanno Y, Jordan M C, Kamiya Y, Seo M & Ayele B T (2013). Regulation of wheat seed dormancy by after-ripening is mediated by specific transcriptional switches that induce changes in seed hormone metabolism and signaling. PLoS One 8(2): e56570. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056570.
15. Mut Z & H Akay (2010). Effect of seed size and drought stress on germination and seedling growth of naked oat (Avena sativa L.). Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 16: 459-467.
16. Nagel M & Börner A (2010) The longevity of crop seeds stored under ambient conditions. Seed Science Research 20: 1–12.
17. Neubert A B, Lühs W, Baetzel R, & Friedt W (2003). Influence of seed colour on seed vigour in Brassica napus. In Proceedings of the 11th International Rapeseed Congress, 6–10 July 2003. Vol. 1. Edited by H. Sørensen. Dept. of Chemistry, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark, pp. 253–256.
18. Rahman M & McVetty E B P (2011). Panorama de la couleur des graines de Brassica. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 91: 437-446.
19. Rahman M, Li G, Schroeder D & McVetty E B P (2010). Inheritance of seed coat color genes in Brassica napus (L.) and tagging the genesusing SRAP, SCAR and SNP molecular markers. Molecular Breeding 26: 439-453.
20. Stanisavljević R, Ðokić D, Milenković J, Ðukanović L, Stevović V, Simić A & Dodig D (2011). Seed germination and seedling vigour Italian ryegrass cocksfoot and timothy following harvest and storage. Ciencia Agrotecnologia 35: 1141-1148.
21. Stanisavljević R, Vučković S, Simić A, Marković J, Lakić Z, Terzić D & Đokić D (2012). Acid and temperature treatments result in increased germination of seeds of three fescue species. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 40: 220-226.
22. Statistical Yearbook of Serbia 2017. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, webrzs.stat.gov.rs/WebSite/Public/PageView.aspx?pKey=82
23. Willenborg C J, Wildeman J C, Miller A K, Rossnagel B G & Shirtliffe S J (2005). Oat germination characteristics differ among genotypes, seed sizes and osmotic potential. Crop Science 45: 2023-2029.
24. Zareian A, Hamidi A, Sadeghi H & Jazaeri R M (2013). Effect of seed size on some germination characteristics, seedling emergence percentage and yield of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars in laboratory and field. Middle East Journal of Scientific Research 13: 1126-1131.