Rönesans ve Barok Dönemlerinin Değerli Taşları: Avrupa Resim Sanatında İnci ve Mercan

Year 2020, Issue: 4, 10 - 28, 15.09.2020

Sibel Almelek İşman

https://doi.org/10.46372/arts.694651

Abstract

It can be seen that, especially pearls and corals, among the precious stones that the nature present to humans as gifts, are frequently depicted in the European painting. These stones which are attractive with their beauty and luminosity, are adorning the canvases for various reasons. The aim of this study is to look at the history of European painting through the elegant world of jewelry and gemstones. It is interesting to see that pearls and corals have rich mythological and biblical connotations as well as being symbols of status and power. The time scope of the research is between 15th and 17. centuries because of the intensity of the pictures showing pearls and corals in the art historical periods of Renaissance and Baroque. Pearls are among the symbols of the love and beauty godddess Venus. It is possible to see pearls in the pictures that show the birth of Venüs in an oyster or Venus in front of a mirror. Egyptian queen Cleopatra, dropped a bead of pearl in her glass, in the banquet that she organized for Antonius. Painters who depicted the queens and royal ladies of Europe, showed them in rich jewellery decorated with pearls. In some works of art, pearls are interpreted as the sign of wordly pleasures and ambitions. Corals, believed to be protecting against the evil eye, can be seen in the paintings of young women and little children. Corals, with its strong color of red, are depicted in the compositions of Virgin Mary and Christ Child. In the Greek mythology, it is believed that Perseus created corals. Some artists, presented scenes of pearl or coral fishing on their canvases.

Keywords

european painting, renaissance, baroque, jewelry, pearl, coral

Jewels of Renaissance and Baroque: Pearls and Corals in the European Art of Painting

Abstract

Avrupa resminde, doğanın insana armağan ettiği değerli taşlar arasında, özellikle inci ve mercanın, sıklıkla betimlendiği görülebilir. Güzellikleri ve ışıklarıyla ile dikkat çeken bu taşlar, çeşitli sebeplerle tuvalleri süslemektedirler. Bu çalışmanın amacı Avrupa resim tarihine, mücevher ve değerli taşların zarif dünyasından bakmaktır. İnci ve mercanın zengin mitolojik ve dinsel çağrışımlar sunmaları ve aynı zamanda statü ve güç sembolleri olduklarını izlemek ilginçtir. Araştırmanın zamansal kapsamı, inci ve mercanları gösteren resimlerin, sanat tarihsel devreler bağlamında Rönesans ve Barok dönemlerinde yoğun olması nedeniyle, 15. ve 17. yüzyıllar arasındadır. İnci, aşk ve güzellik tanrıçası Venüs’ün simgelerinden biridir. Venüs’ün bir istiridye kabuğu içinde doğuşunu anlatan ya da onu aynanın karşısında betimleyen resimlerde, incilere rastlamak mümkündür. Mısır Kraliçesi Kleopatra’nın Antonius için verdiği ziyafette, kadehine bir inci tanesi attığı anlatılır. Avrupa’nın kraliçelerinin vesoylukadınlarınınportreleriniyapanressamlar,onlarıincilerlebezenmiş zengin takılarla göstermişlerdir. İnci, kimi eserlerde, dünyevi zevklerin ve hırsların sembolü olarak değerlendirilir. Kötü gözlere karşı koruduğuna inanılan mercan ise, genç kadın ve küçük çocuk resimlerinde karşımıza çıkar. Hz. Meryem ve Çocuk İsa kompozisyonlarında da mercan, güçlü kırmızı rengiyle dikkat çekmektedir. Yunan mitolojisinde Perseus’un mercanı yarattığına inanılır. Kimi ressamlar, denizden inci ya da mercan çıkarma sahnelerini tuvallerine taşımışlardır.

Keywords

avrupa resmi, rönesans, barok, takı, inci, mercan

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