Abstract
In recent years, agricultural and industrial activities have gradually increased with the increasing population worldwide. Many pollutants, such as organic substances, inorganic anions, toxic heavy metals, toxic gases etc., generated during these activities are released into the environment and cause significant pollution problems, especially in water. Therefore, environmentally friendly and cost-effective treatment technologies are needed. The adsorption process used in waste water is one of the environmentally friendly purification technologies. Cellulosic materials obtained from various natural sources can be used as adsorbents. The adsorption capacity of organic pollutants and heavy metal ions in wastewater is affected by chemical processes, and it is known that modified cellulose exhibits higher adsorption capacity than unmodified cellulose. In this review, the adsorption capacities of various nanocellulose-based adsorbents, especially in the removal of dyes in wastewater, and the FTIR and SEM analyzes used in the characterization of the structures of these adsorbents after modifications were examined. Nanocellulose-based adsorbents appear to exhibit good potential in removing dyes in the waste water. It is thought that cheap and more effective cellulose-based adsorbents can be developed with modifications to minimize environmental pollution.