Research Article
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Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 65 - 81, 31.07.2022

Abstract

References

  • ABA (2018) ‘Marketing techreport’, https://www.americanbar.org/groups/law_practice/publications/techreport/ABATECHREPORT2018/ 17 accessed March 2020.
  • ABA (2020). ‘Standards and rules of procedure for approval of law schools 2019-2020’, https://www.americanbar.org/groups/legal_education/resources/standards/ accessed 17 March 2020.
  • Andreae Z. (29.05.2017) ‘Legal tech start-ups’, https://medium.com/legal-tech/legal-tech-startups-9755b18f93ac accessed 11 March 2020.
  • Attorney at Work (2017) ‘4th Annual social media marketing survey report’, https://www.attorneyatwork.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/4th-Annual-Social-Media-Marketing-Survey-Report-%C2%A9-Attorney-at-Work.pdf accessed 15 March 2020. BBC (2018) ‘Banks close 2,900 branches in three years, says Which?’, https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44483304 accessed 11 March 2020. Berkeley Career Centre (2020) ‘Law School - Skills for Law School’, https://career.berkeley.edu/law/lawskills accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Berriman, R. (2019) ‘Will robots steal our jobs? The potential impact of automation on the UK and other major economies’, UK Economic Outlook March 2017, https://www.pwc.co.uk/economic-services/ukeo/pwcukeo-section-4-automation-march-2017-v2.pdf accessed 12 Feb 2020.
  • Bues MM., Matthaei, E. (2017) ‘LegalTech on the rise: technology changes legal work behaviours, but does not replace its profession’, in Jacob K., Schindler D., Strathausen R. (Eds), Liquid legal: Management for professionals, New York: Springer, 89-110.
  • Canadian Bar Association, Legal futures initiatives (2013) Futures: transforming the delivery of legal services in Canada, https://books.google.com.tr/books/about/futures.html?id=k37kwqeacaaj&redir_esc=y accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Conneally T. (11.02.2016) ‘5 ways law school is changing’, Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/timconneally/2016/02/11/5-ways-law-school-is-changing/#273538816088 accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Cornell Tech (2020) ‘Master of Laws in Law, Technology, and Entrepreneurship’, https://tech.cornell.edu/programs/masters-programs/master-of-laws-llm/ accessed 12 March 2020.
  • Data USA (2018) https://datausa.io/profile/soc/lawyers-judges-magistrates-other-judicial-workers accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Dhar U., Santosh D. (2018) ‘The case method in legal education’, Asian journal of legal education, 5 (2), 182-185.
  • Fenwick M., Kaal W. A., Vermeulen E. P. M. (2017) ‘Legal education in the blockchain revolution’, U. of St. Thomas (Minnesota) Legal studies research paper no. 17-05, https://ssrn.com/abstract=2939127 accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Fenwick, M., Kaal, W., Vermeulen, E. P. M. (2018). ‘Legal education in a digital age: why "coding for lawyers" matters, U of St. Thomas (Minnesota) Legal studies research paper no. 17-05, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3227967 accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Goodman B. (16.12.2014) ‘Four areas of legal ripe for disruption by smart start-ups’. Law Technology Today. https://www.lawtechnologytoday.org/2014/12/smart-startups accessed 10 March 2020.
  • Greenleaf G. (12.08.1989) ‘Legal expert systems - robot lawyers? (An introduction to knowledge-based applications to law)’, Proc. Australian legal Convention, Darling Harbour, Sydney. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2263868 accessed 13 March 2020.
  • Gresbrand K. (2020). ‘Legal tech: the legal profession goes digital’, https://www2.deloitte.com/dl/en/pages/legal/articles/legal-tech-legal-department.html accessed 13 March 2020.
  • IFTF (2017) ‘Human-machine partnership’, Institute for the future, emerging technologies impact on society & work in 2030, https://www.delltechnologies.com/content/dam/delltechnologies/assets/perspectives/2030/pdf/sr1940_ıftffordelltechnologies_human-machine_070517_readerhigh-res.pdf accessed 10 March 2020.
  • Ireland C, Hockley R. (2020) ‘A call for introducing LegalTech in the classroom’, Computer Law & Security Review, 36, 1-6 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0267364920300042?via%3Dihub accessed 4 March 2020.
  • Jones E. (2017) ‘Transforming legal education through emotions’, Legal Studies, 38, 450-479, https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/legal-studies/article/transforming-legal-education-through-emotions/E921D338E56C9BEE47E6C4A91E626BAA accessed 09 Jan 2019.
  • Katz D. M., Bommarito M. J., Blackman, J. (2014). ‘Predicting the behaviour of the supreme court of the United States: A general approach’, PloS ONE 12 (4), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28403140 accessed 10 March 2020.
  • Keim J. (2014) ‘Supreme court of Michigan orders review of state bar dues and use for ideological activities’, National Review, https://www.nationalreview.com/bench-memos/supreme-court-michigan-orders-review-state-bar-dues-and-use-ideological/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Kira Systems (2020). ‘Due Diligence’, https://kirasystems.com/solutions/due-diligence/ accessed 15 March 2020. Law school in the United States (2020) ‘Curriculum’, https://www.wikiwand.com/en/law_school_in_the_united_states#/curriculum accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Leith P. (2010). ‘The rise and fall of the legal expert system’, European journal of law and technology, 1 (1). http://ejlt.org/article/view/14/1 accessed 12 March 2020.
  • Liu, A. (2019) ‘Robots to Cut 200,000 U.S. Bank Jobs in Next Decade, Study Says’, Bloomberg, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-02/robots-to-cut-200-000-u-s-bank-jobs-in-next-decade-study-says accessed 20 March 2020.
  • McGinnis J. O., Pearce R. G. (2014) ‘The great disruption: how machine intelligence will transform the role of lawyers in the delivery of legal services’, 82 Fordham Law Review, 3041, https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr/vol82/iss6/16/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Mourshed M., Farrell D., Barton D. (2014) ‘Education to employment: designing a system that works’, McKinney, https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/social%20sector/our%20insights/education%20to%20employment%20designing%20a%20system%20that%20works/education%20to%20employment%20designing%20a%20system%20that%20works.ashx accessed 15 March 2020.
  • National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress (1966) ‘Statements relating to the impact of technological change. Appendix volume VI: technology and the American economy’. Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office. NCBE (2020) ‘Preparing for the MBE’, http://www.ncbex.org/exams/mbe/preparing/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Pistone, M. (2015). ‘Law schools and technology: where we are and where we are heading’, Journal of legal education, 64 (4), 586-604.
  • Pivovarov, V. (12.02.2019a) ‘Future law school. what does it look like?’, Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/valentinpivovarov/2019/02/12/futurelawschool/#50d9036d6a84 accessed 11 March 2020.
  • Pivovarov, V. (2019b). ‘5 New Legal Professions Under the Impact of LegalTech’, (Medium.com, May 10, 2019), https://medium.com/case-one-legal-tech/5-new-legal-professions-under-the-impact-of-legal-tech-b0adb34baa3 accessed 20 Feb 2020.
  • Ridwan S. (01.08.2019) ‘LegalTech: how it all began’, DigiLaw, https://www.digilaw.com.ng/2019/08/01/legaltech-how-ıt-all-began accessed 09 March 2020.
  • Schaffer, R. (2013). ‘Kaplan Bar review survey: 63% of law school graduates from the class of 2013 believe that law school education can be condensed to two years’, https://www.kaptest.com/blog/press/2013/09/10/kaplan-bar-review-survey-63-of-law-school-graduates-from-the-class-of-2013-believe-that-law-school-education-can-be-condensed-to-two-years/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Singh, I. (2018) The essence of Bill Gates life, Mahesh Dutt Sharma, https://books.google.com.tr/books/about/The_Essence_of_Bill_Gates_Life.html?id=5XA7DwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y accessed 20 March 2020.
  • SLS (2020a) ‘Codex, The Stanford Centre for Legal Informatics’, https://law.stanford.edu/codex-the-stanford-center-for-legal-informatics/ accessed 22 March 2020.
  • SLS (2020b) ‘Courses, The Stanford Centre for Legal Informatics’, https://law.stanford.edu/codex-the-stanford-center-for-legal-informatics/codex-courses/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Sobowale J. (01.04.2016) ‘How artificial intelligence is transforming the legal profession’, Aba Journal, https://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/how_artificial_intelligence_is_transforming_the_legal_profession accessed 18 March 2020.
  • Spencer, A. B. (2012) ‘The Law School Critique in Historical Perspective’, 69 Wash. & Lee L. Rev., 1949, https://ssrn.com/abstract=2017114 accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Thornton, M. (2001) ‘Among the Ruins: Law in the Neo-Liberal Academy’, Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 20, 3-23.
  • Vilbert J. (10.09.2019) ‘Technology creates more jobs than it destroys’, FEE, https://fee.org/articles/technology-creates-more-jobs-than-ıt-destroys accessed 10 March 2020.
  • Vogl R. (26.09.2016) ‘The coming of age of legal technology’, Stanford Law School, https://law.stanford.edu/2016/09/26/184188/ accessed 20 March 2020.
  • Ward S. F., Tashea J. (01.03.2019) ‘Some law schools offer tech programs to help students find jobs, but does it work?’, https://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/law-school-technology-programs accessed 20 March 2020.

LAW GRADUATES and NEW TECHNOLOGY COURSES

Year 2022, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 65 - 81, 31.07.2022

Abstract

Extent of technological innovation affected the legal profession just like in any other field. Although law is not a trade or technology discipline, it quickly adapts itself to changes in technology through the sectors it provides legal services. Universities try to meet the legal profession’s technology education demands. While every law student is not expected to gain advanced technological skills, he or she still needs to keep up with artificial intelligence, internet law or legal technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) manifests itself as a part of new philosophy of law. Universities that cannot concentrate on technology courses at the undergraduate LLB curriculum, organize some additional private law courses to overcome their existing deficiency. In this article, the importance of legal technologies (LegalTech) and the systems that try to ensure their inclusion in education will be evaluated.

References

  • ABA (2018) ‘Marketing techreport’, https://www.americanbar.org/groups/law_practice/publications/techreport/ABATECHREPORT2018/ 17 accessed March 2020.
  • ABA (2020). ‘Standards and rules of procedure for approval of law schools 2019-2020’, https://www.americanbar.org/groups/legal_education/resources/standards/ accessed 17 March 2020.
  • Andreae Z. (29.05.2017) ‘Legal tech start-ups’, https://medium.com/legal-tech/legal-tech-startups-9755b18f93ac accessed 11 March 2020.
  • Attorney at Work (2017) ‘4th Annual social media marketing survey report’, https://www.attorneyatwork.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/4th-Annual-Social-Media-Marketing-Survey-Report-%C2%A9-Attorney-at-Work.pdf accessed 15 March 2020. BBC (2018) ‘Banks close 2,900 branches in three years, says Which?’, https://www.bbc.com/news/business-44483304 accessed 11 March 2020. Berkeley Career Centre (2020) ‘Law School - Skills for Law School’, https://career.berkeley.edu/law/lawskills accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Berriman, R. (2019) ‘Will robots steal our jobs? The potential impact of automation on the UK and other major economies’, UK Economic Outlook March 2017, https://www.pwc.co.uk/economic-services/ukeo/pwcukeo-section-4-automation-march-2017-v2.pdf accessed 12 Feb 2020.
  • Bues MM., Matthaei, E. (2017) ‘LegalTech on the rise: technology changes legal work behaviours, but does not replace its profession’, in Jacob K., Schindler D., Strathausen R. (Eds), Liquid legal: Management for professionals, New York: Springer, 89-110.
  • Canadian Bar Association, Legal futures initiatives (2013) Futures: transforming the delivery of legal services in Canada, https://books.google.com.tr/books/about/futures.html?id=k37kwqeacaaj&redir_esc=y accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Conneally T. (11.02.2016) ‘5 ways law school is changing’, Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/timconneally/2016/02/11/5-ways-law-school-is-changing/#273538816088 accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Cornell Tech (2020) ‘Master of Laws in Law, Technology, and Entrepreneurship’, https://tech.cornell.edu/programs/masters-programs/master-of-laws-llm/ accessed 12 March 2020.
  • Data USA (2018) https://datausa.io/profile/soc/lawyers-judges-magistrates-other-judicial-workers accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Dhar U., Santosh D. (2018) ‘The case method in legal education’, Asian journal of legal education, 5 (2), 182-185.
  • Fenwick M., Kaal W. A., Vermeulen E. P. M. (2017) ‘Legal education in the blockchain revolution’, U. of St. Thomas (Minnesota) Legal studies research paper no. 17-05, https://ssrn.com/abstract=2939127 accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Fenwick, M., Kaal, W., Vermeulen, E. P. M. (2018). ‘Legal education in a digital age: why "coding for lawyers" matters, U of St. Thomas (Minnesota) Legal studies research paper no. 17-05, https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3227967 accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Goodman B. (16.12.2014) ‘Four areas of legal ripe for disruption by smart start-ups’. Law Technology Today. https://www.lawtechnologytoday.org/2014/12/smart-startups accessed 10 March 2020.
  • Greenleaf G. (12.08.1989) ‘Legal expert systems - robot lawyers? (An introduction to knowledge-based applications to law)’, Proc. Australian legal Convention, Darling Harbour, Sydney. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2263868 accessed 13 March 2020.
  • Gresbrand K. (2020). ‘Legal tech: the legal profession goes digital’, https://www2.deloitte.com/dl/en/pages/legal/articles/legal-tech-legal-department.html accessed 13 March 2020.
  • IFTF (2017) ‘Human-machine partnership’, Institute for the future, emerging technologies impact on society & work in 2030, https://www.delltechnologies.com/content/dam/delltechnologies/assets/perspectives/2030/pdf/sr1940_ıftffordelltechnologies_human-machine_070517_readerhigh-res.pdf accessed 10 March 2020.
  • Ireland C, Hockley R. (2020) ‘A call for introducing LegalTech in the classroom’, Computer Law & Security Review, 36, 1-6 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0267364920300042?via%3Dihub accessed 4 March 2020.
  • Jones E. (2017) ‘Transforming legal education through emotions’, Legal Studies, 38, 450-479, https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/legal-studies/article/transforming-legal-education-through-emotions/E921D338E56C9BEE47E6C4A91E626BAA accessed 09 Jan 2019.
  • Katz D. M., Bommarito M. J., Blackman, J. (2014). ‘Predicting the behaviour of the supreme court of the United States: A general approach’, PloS ONE 12 (4), https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28403140 accessed 10 March 2020.
  • Keim J. (2014) ‘Supreme court of Michigan orders review of state bar dues and use for ideological activities’, National Review, https://www.nationalreview.com/bench-memos/supreme-court-michigan-orders-review-state-bar-dues-and-use-ideological/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Kira Systems (2020). ‘Due Diligence’, https://kirasystems.com/solutions/due-diligence/ accessed 15 March 2020. Law school in the United States (2020) ‘Curriculum’, https://www.wikiwand.com/en/law_school_in_the_united_states#/curriculum accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Leith P. (2010). ‘The rise and fall of the legal expert system’, European journal of law and technology, 1 (1). http://ejlt.org/article/view/14/1 accessed 12 March 2020.
  • Liu, A. (2019) ‘Robots to Cut 200,000 U.S. Bank Jobs in Next Decade, Study Says’, Bloomberg, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-10-02/robots-to-cut-200-000-u-s-bank-jobs-in-next-decade-study-says accessed 20 March 2020.
  • McGinnis J. O., Pearce R. G. (2014) ‘The great disruption: how machine intelligence will transform the role of lawyers in the delivery of legal services’, 82 Fordham Law Review, 3041, https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/flr/vol82/iss6/16/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Mourshed M., Farrell D., Barton D. (2014) ‘Education to employment: designing a system that works’, McKinney, https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/social%20sector/our%20insights/education%20to%20employment%20designing%20a%20system%20that%20works/education%20to%20employment%20designing%20a%20system%20that%20works.ashx accessed 15 March 2020.
  • National Commission on Technology, Automation, and Economic Progress (1966) ‘Statements relating to the impact of technological change. Appendix volume VI: technology and the American economy’. Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office. NCBE (2020) ‘Preparing for the MBE’, http://www.ncbex.org/exams/mbe/preparing/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Pistone, M. (2015). ‘Law schools and technology: where we are and where we are heading’, Journal of legal education, 64 (4), 586-604.
  • Pivovarov, V. (12.02.2019a) ‘Future law school. what does it look like?’, Forbes, https://www.forbes.com/sites/valentinpivovarov/2019/02/12/futurelawschool/#50d9036d6a84 accessed 11 March 2020.
  • Pivovarov, V. (2019b). ‘5 New Legal Professions Under the Impact of LegalTech’, (Medium.com, May 10, 2019), https://medium.com/case-one-legal-tech/5-new-legal-professions-under-the-impact-of-legal-tech-b0adb34baa3 accessed 20 Feb 2020.
  • Ridwan S. (01.08.2019) ‘LegalTech: how it all began’, DigiLaw, https://www.digilaw.com.ng/2019/08/01/legaltech-how-ıt-all-began accessed 09 March 2020.
  • Schaffer, R. (2013). ‘Kaplan Bar review survey: 63% of law school graduates from the class of 2013 believe that law school education can be condensed to two years’, https://www.kaptest.com/blog/press/2013/09/10/kaplan-bar-review-survey-63-of-law-school-graduates-from-the-class-of-2013-believe-that-law-school-education-can-be-condensed-to-two-years/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Singh, I. (2018) The essence of Bill Gates life, Mahesh Dutt Sharma, https://books.google.com.tr/books/about/The_Essence_of_Bill_Gates_Life.html?id=5XA7DwAAQBAJ&redir_esc=y accessed 20 March 2020.
  • SLS (2020a) ‘Codex, The Stanford Centre for Legal Informatics’, https://law.stanford.edu/codex-the-stanford-center-for-legal-informatics/ accessed 22 March 2020.
  • SLS (2020b) ‘Courses, The Stanford Centre for Legal Informatics’, https://law.stanford.edu/codex-the-stanford-center-for-legal-informatics/codex-courses/ accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Sobowale J. (01.04.2016) ‘How artificial intelligence is transforming the legal profession’, Aba Journal, https://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/how_artificial_intelligence_is_transforming_the_legal_profession accessed 18 March 2020.
  • Spencer, A. B. (2012) ‘The Law School Critique in Historical Perspective’, 69 Wash. & Lee L. Rev., 1949, https://ssrn.com/abstract=2017114 accessed 15 March 2020.
  • Thornton, M. (2001) ‘Among the Ruins: Law in the Neo-Liberal Academy’, Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 20, 3-23.
  • Vilbert J. (10.09.2019) ‘Technology creates more jobs than it destroys’, FEE, https://fee.org/articles/technology-creates-more-jobs-than-ıt-destroys accessed 10 March 2020.
  • Vogl R. (26.09.2016) ‘The coming of age of legal technology’, Stanford Law School, https://law.stanford.edu/2016/09/26/184188/ accessed 20 March 2020.
  • Ward S. F., Tashea J. (01.03.2019) ‘Some law schools offer tech programs to help students find jobs, but does it work?’, https://www.abajournal.com/magazine/article/law-school-technology-programs accessed 20 March 2020.
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Volkan Yücel 0000-0003-4240-3206

Onur Sarı 0000-0002-9026-7600

Publication Date July 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Yücel, V., & Sarı, O. (2022). LAW GRADUATES and NEW TECHNOLOGY COURSES. Avrasya Sosyal Ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(3), 65-81.