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TÜRKMENİSTAN’DA BÜYÜME VE MALİ YAPI: VAR ANALİZİ (1996-2019)

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 53 - 68, 30.06.2021

Abstract

Bu çalışma Türkmenistan ekonomisi için 1996-2019 döneminde doğrudan yabancı yatırımların, kaynak gelirlerinin ve kamu harcamalarının iktisadi büyümeye olan etkisini araştırmaktadır. Bu çerçevede söz konusu ilişki VAR analizi ile test edilmiştir. Eşbütünleşme analizinin bulgularına göre reel büyüme ile söz konusu üç değişken arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki mevcuttur. Diğer taraftan Granger nedensellik testine göre kısa dönemde %10 anlam düzeyinde reel büyümeden DYY ’ye ve kamu harcamalarından DYY ’ye doğru pozitif bir nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Bunun yanında kaynak gelirleri ile büyüme arasında çift yönlü pozitif nedensellik ilişkisi bulunmaktadır. Diğer değişkenler arasında ise nedensellik ilişkisi yoktur. Çalışmanın etki-tepki analizi ile ulaşılan üçüncü bulgusu ise büyümenin üzerinde özellikle doğrudan yabancı yatırımların etkisinin nispeten büyük olduğudur. Ek olarak Varyans ayrıştırmasında doğrudan yabancı yatırımların büyüme üzerindeki etkisinin nispeten daha önemli olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

References

  • ABDİEVA, R., BAİGONUSHOVA, D. & GANİEV, J. (2017). “Relationship between Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Transition Countries: Case of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan”. Bilig, 83, 241-258.
  • AĞAYEV Seymur (2010). “Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Geçiş Ekonomileri Örneğinde Panel Eştümleşme ve Panel Nedensellik Analizleri”, Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 12 (1), 159-184.
  • ALEKSYNSKA, M., GAİSFORD, J.; KERR, W. (2003). Foreign Direct Investment and Growth in Transition Economies, MPRA Paper, No. 7668., University Library of Munich, Munich.
  • APERGİS, N.; PAYNE, J. E. (2010). “Renewable Energy Consumption and Growth in Eurasia, Energy Economics”, 32(6). 1392-1397.
  • ASHUROV, S., OTHMAN, A. H. A., ROSMAN, R. B., & HARON, R. B. (2020). “The Determinants of Foreign Direct İnvestment İn Central Asian Region: A Case Study Of Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan And Uzbekistan (A Quantitative Analysis Using GMM)”, Russian Journal of Economics, 6(2), 162-176
  • ASLUND, Anders (2007). How Capitalism Was Built: The Transformation of Central and Eastern Europe, Russia, and Central Asia, Cambridge University Press, New York.
  • BORENSZTEİN, E., DE GREGORİO, J., & LEE, J. W. (1998). “How Does Foreign Direct İnvestment Affect Economic Growth?. Journal of international Economics, 45(1), 115-135.
  • CHEEMA, Nadir (2015). Impact of Fiscal Adjustment on Growth in Transition Economies, Bloomsbury, Oxford.
  • BATSAİKHAN, U.; DABROWSKİ, M. (2017). “Central Asia—Twenty-Five Years After the Breakup of the USSR”, Russian Journal of Economics, 3(3), 296-320.
  • EBRD (1994). Transition Report: Economic Transition in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1995). Transition Report: Investment and Enterprise Development, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1996). Transition Report: Infrastructure and Savings, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1997). Transition Report: Enterprise Performance and Growth, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1998). Transition Report: Financial Sector in Transition, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1999). Transition Report: Ten Years of Transition, EBRD, London.
  • ESEN Ö.; BAYRAK, M. (2015). “Kamu Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Buyume İlişkisi: Geciş Surecindeki Turk Cumhuriyetleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Bilig, 73, 231-248
  • FISCHER, Stanley; SAHAY, Ratna (2000). The Transition Economies After Ten Years (No. w7664), NBER, Cambridge.
  • GYLFASON, Thorvaldur (2000). “Resources, Agriculture, and Economic Growth in Economies in Transition”, Kyklos, 53, 545-580.
  • HALL, Robert; RABUSHKA, Alvin (2013). The Flat Tax, Hoover Press, California.
  • HENDRY, D. F.; JUSELİUS, K. (2000). “Explaining cointegration analysis: Part 1”, The Energy Journal, 21(1), 1-42.
  • HOLZNER, Mario (2010). Inequality, Growth and Public Spending in Central, East and Southeast Europe, Working Paper, No. 71, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (wiiw), Vienna.
  • IWASAKI, Ichiro; SUZUKI, Taku (2014). Radicalism Versus Gradualism: A Systematic Review of The Transition Strategy Debate (RRC Working Paper No. 45), Kunitach Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo.
  • KING, Lawrence (2002). “Post-communist Divergence: A Comparative Analysis of the Transition to Capitalism in Poland and Russia”, Studies in Comparative International Development, 37(3), 3-34.
  • KRONENBERG, Tobias (2004). “The Curse of Natural Resources in the Transition Economies”, Economics of Transition, 12 (3), 399-426.
  • LUPU, D.; MİHAİ, B.P.; ANA, B. & MİHAELA, T. (2018). “The Impact of Public Expenditures on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Central and Eastern European Countries”, Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54(3), 552-570.
  • MARANGOS, John (2004). “A Post-Keynesian Approach to The Transition Process”, Eastern Economic Journal, 30(3). 441-465.
  • MCMILLAN, J.; NAUGHTON, B. (1992). “How to Reform a Planned Economy: Lessons from China”, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 8(1). 130-143.
  • MURRELL, Peter (1992). “Evolutionary and Radical Approaches To Economic Reform”, Economics of Planning, 25(1), 79-95.
  • OSKENBAYEV, Yessengali (2015). International Analyses of Natural Resource Curse and Kazakhstan’s Related Economic Performance with Special Attention to Its Wheat and Energy Sectors, Doctoral Thesis, University of Bonn, Germany.
  • SVEJNAR, Jan (2002). Assistance to the Transition Economies: Were There Alternatives?, World Bank Publications.
  • SYZDYKOVA, Aziza (2019). “Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi: Orta Asya Ülkeleri Örneği”. Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi (UKSAD), 5(1). 291-307.
  • TURLEY, Gerard; LUKE, Peter (2010). Transition Economics: Two Decades On, Routledge, London.
Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 53 - 68, 30.06.2021

Abstract

References

  • ABDİEVA, R., BAİGONUSHOVA, D. & GANİEV, J. (2017). “Relationship between Government Expenditure and Economic Growth in Transition Countries: Case of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan”. Bilig, 83, 241-258.
  • AĞAYEV Seymur (2010). “Doğrudan Yabancı Sermaye Yatırımları ve Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi: Geçiş Ekonomileri Örneğinde Panel Eştümleşme ve Panel Nedensellik Analizleri”, Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 12 (1), 159-184.
  • ALEKSYNSKA, M., GAİSFORD, J.; KERR, W. (2003). Foreign Direct Investment and Growth in Transition Economies, MPRA Paper, No. 7668., University Library of Munich, Munich.
  • APERGİS, N.; PAYNE, J. E. (2010). “Renewable Energy Consumption and Growth in Eurasia, Energy Economics”, 32(6). 1392-1397.
  • ASHUROV, S., OTHMAN, A. H. A., ROSMAN, R. B., & HARON, R. B. (2020). “The Determinants of Foreign Direct İnvestment İn Central Asian Region: A Case Study Of Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan And Uzbekistan (A Quantitative Analysis Using GMM)”, Russian Journal of Economics, 6(2), 162-176
  • ASLUND, Anders (2007). How Capitalism Was Built: The Transformation of Central and Eastern Europe, Russia, and Central Asia, Cambridge University Press, New York.
  • BORENSZTEİN, E., DE GREGORİO, J., & LEE, J. W. (1998). “How Does Foreign Direct İnvestment Affect Economic Growth?. Journal of international Economics, 45(1), 115-135.
  • CHEEMA, Nadir (2015). Impact of Fiscal Adjustment on Growth in Transition Economies, Bloomsbury, Oxford.
  • BATSAİKHAN, U.; DABROWSKİ, M. (2017). “Central Asia—Twenty-Five Years After the Breakup of the USSR”, Russian Journal of Economics, 3(3), 296-320.
  • EBRD (1994). Transition Report: Economic Transition in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1995). Transition Report: Investment and Enterprise Development, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1996). Transition Report: Infrastructure and Savings, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1997). Transition Report: Enterprise Performance and Growth, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1998). Transition Report: Financial Sector in Transition, EBRD, London.
  • EBRD (1999). Transition Report: Ten Years of Transition, EBRD, London.
  • ESEN Ö.; BAYRAK, M. (2015). “Kamu Harcamaları ve Ekonomik Buyume İlişkisi: Geciş Surecindeki Turk Cumhuriyetleri Üzerine Bir Uygulama”, Bilig, 73, 231-248
  • FISCHER, Stanley; SAHAY, Ratna (2000). The Transition Economies After Ten Years (No. w7664), NBER, Cambridge.
  • GYLFASON, Thorvaldur (2000). “Resources, Agriculture, and Economic Growth in Economies in Transition”, Kyklos, 53, 545-580.
  • HALL, Robert; RABUSHKA, Alvin (2013). The Flat Tax, Hoover Press, California.
  • HENDRY, D. F.; JUSELİUS, K. (2000). “Explaining cointegration analysis: Part 1”, The Energy Journal, 21(1), 1-42.
  • HOLZNER, Mario (2010). Inequality, Growth and Public Spending in Central, East and Southeast Europe, Working Paper, No. 71, The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies (wiiw), Vienna.
  • IWASAKI, Ichiro; SUZUKI, Taku (2014). Radicalism Versus Gradualism: A Systematic Review of The Transition Strategy Debate (RRC Working Paper No. 45), Kunitach Hitotsubashi University, Tokyo.
  • KING, Lawrence (2002). “Post-communist Divergence: A Comparative Analysis of the Transition to Capitalism in Poland and Russia”, Studies in Comparative International Development, 37(3), 3-34.
  • KRONENBERG, Tobias (2004). “The Curse of Natural Resources in the Transition Economies”, Economics of Transition, 12 (3), 399-426.
  • LUPU, D.; MİHAİ, B.P.; ANA, B. & MİHAELA, T. (2018). “The Impact of Public Expenditures on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Central and Eastern European Countries”, Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 54(3), 552-570.
  • MARANGOS, John (2004). “A Post-Keynesian Approach to The Transition Process”, Eastern Economic Journal, 30(3). 441-465.
  • MCMILLAN, J.; NAUGHTON, B. (1992). “How to Reform a Planned Economy: Lessons from China”, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 8(1). 130-143.
  • MURRELL, Peter (1992). “Evolutionary and Radical Approaches To Economic Reform”, Economics of Planning, 25(1), 79-95.
  • OSKENBAYEV, Yessengali (2015). International Analyses of Natural Resource Curse and Kazakhstan’s Related Economic Performance with Special Attention to Its Wheat and Energy Sectors, Doctoral Thesis, University of Bonn, Germany.
  • SVEJNAR, Jan (2002). Assistance to the Transition Economies: Were There Alternatives?, World Bank Publications.
  • SYZDYKOVA, Aziza (2019). “Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımların Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi: Orta Asya Ülkeleri Örneği”. Uluslararası Kültürel ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi (UKSAD), 5(1). 291-307.
  • TURLEY, Gerard; LUKE, Peter (2010). Transition Economics: Two Decades On, Routledge, London.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mustafa Alpin Gülşen

Mustafa Yıldıran 0000-0002-1450-781X

Publication Date June 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gülşen, M. A., & Yıldıran, M. (2021). TÜRKMENİSTAN’DA BÜYÜME VE MALİ YAPI: VAR ANALİZİ (1996-2019). Asya Araştırmaları Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(1), 53-68.
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