BibTex RIS Cite

The Participation of Local People to Tourism Planning:a Research on Hidden Garden Akyaka

Year 2008, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 71 - 83, 01.06.2008

Abstract

Many developing countries have chosen tourism as a tool through development. In this way, the tourism planning approaches are concentrated to increase tourist arrivals and tourist revenues. But these traditional tourism planning approaches brought negative impacts of tourism in developing countries. To achieve a more sustainable tourism, it is acknowledged that the tourism planning approaches should be changed and the local people should participate to tourism planning. As it is difficult for the local people in developing countries to participate to tourism planning by their own, there are discussions on whom (State, local government or non-governmental organizations) will direct them. In this study, which the local people trust more in tourism planning investigated by 26 interviews in Akyaka, situated at Southwest of Turkey. The non-governmental organization is trusted least by the local people in Akyaka.

References

  • Acı, E. Y. (2005). Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları: Kalkınma Ajan(s)ları mı? Neo-liberal Ajanlar mı? İstanbul: Günizi Yayıncılık
  • Bourke, L. ve Luloff, A. E. (1996). Rural Tourism Development. İçinde L. C
  • Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 277–295). New York: John Wiley and Sons
  • Bramwell, B. (2003). Maltese Responses to Tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 30 (3): 581–605
  • Bramwell, B. ve Sharman, A. (2000). Approaches to Sustainable Tourism Planning and Community Participation. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 17–35). New york: Routledge
  • Brohman, J. (1996). New Directions in Tourism for Third World Development, Annals of Tourism Reserach, 23 (1): 48–70
  • Brown, F. (1998). Tourism Reassessed: Blight or Blessing? Oxford: Butterworth-Heineman
  • Chang, H. J. ve Grabel, I. (2005). Kalkınma Yeniden: Alternatif İktisat Politikaları Elkitabı. (Çeviren: E. Özçelik). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi
  • Chossudovsky, M. (1999). Yoksulluğun Küreselleşmesi: IMF ve Dünya Bankası Reformlarının İçyüzü. (Çeviren: Neşenur Domaniç). İstanbul: Çiviyazıları. Coccossis, H. (2001). Sustainable Development and Tourism in Small Islands: Some Lessons from Greece, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 12 (1): 53–58
  • Conlin, M. V. (1996). Revitalizing Bermuda: Tourism Policy Planning in a Mature Island Destination. İçinde L. C. Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 80–102). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Cooke, B. ve Kothari, U. (2001). The Case for Participation as Tyranny. İçinde B. Cooke ve U. Kothari (Editörler), Participation: the New Tyranny. (ss. 1–15) London: Zed Books
  • Crick, M. (1989). Representations of International Tourism in the Social Sciences: Sun, Sex, Sights, Savings, and Servility, Annual Review of Antropology, 18: 307–344
  • Croall, J. (1995). Preserve or Destroy: Tourism and the Environment. London: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation
  • Cumhuriyet Gazetesi (10 Kasım 2006)
  • Çukurçayır, M. A. (2006). Siyasal Katılma ve Yerel Demokrasi. Konya: Çizgi Kitabevi
  • Dahles, H. (2000). Tourism, Small Enterprises and Community Development. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss.154–169). New York: Routledge
  • Elliott, J. (1997). Tourism Politics and Public Sector Management. London: Routledge
  • Fava, J. A., Frank J. C., Reinert, K. H. ve Ryding, S. (1998). A Framework For Sustainable Product Development. İçinde P. Calow (Editör), Handbook of Environmental Risk Assessment And Management (ss. 542–561). USA: Blackwell Publishing
  • Feyerabend, P. (1999). Yönteme Karşı. (Çeviren: Ertuğrul Başer). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları
  • Fortier, A-M. (1998). Gender, Ethnicity and Fieldwork: a Case Study. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture ( ss. 48–57). London: Sage Publications
  • Gartner, W. C. (1996). Tourism Development. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold
  • Gaventa, J. (2004). Towards Participtory Governance: Assesing the Transfromative Possibilities. İçinde S. Hickey ve G. Mohan (Editörler), Participation: from Tyranny to Transformation? (ss. 25–41). New York: Zed Boks
  • Godfrey, K. B. (1996). Towards sustainability. İçinde L. C. Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 58–79). USA: John Wiley and Sons. Göymen, K. (2000). Tourism and Governance in Turkey, Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (4): 1025–1048
  • Gunn, C. A. ve Var, T. (2002). Tourism Planning: Basics, Concepts, Cases. New York and London: Routledge. Güler, B. A. (2006). Yerel Yönetimler: Liberal Açıklamalara Eleştirel Yaklaşım. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi
  • Hall, C. M. (1994). Tourism and Politics: Policy, Power and Place. John Wiley and Sons: Chichester
  • Hall, D. (2000). Identity, Community and Sustainability: Prospects for Rural Tourism in Albania. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 48–59). New York: Routledge
  • Hickey, S. ve Mohan, G. (2004). Towards Partcipation as Transformation: Critical Themes and Challenges. İçinde S. Hickey ve G. Mohan (Editörler), Participation: from Tyranny to Transformation? (ss. 3–24). New York: Zed Boks
  • Howie, F. (2000). Establishing the Common Ground: Tourism, Ordinary Places, Grey-Areas and Environmental Quality in Edinburgh, Scotland. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 101–118). New York: Routledge
  • Hürriyet Gazetesi (3 Eylül 2006)
  • Inskeep, E. (1991). Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold
  • Jackson, G. ve Morpeth, N. (2000). Local Agenda 21: Recaliming Community Ownership in Tourism or Stalled Process? İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss.119–134). New York: Routledge
  • Jamal, T. B. ve Getz, D. (1995). Collaboration Theory and Community Tourism Planning, Annals of Tourism Research, 22 (1): 186–204
  • Jamal, T. ve Hollinshead, K. (2001). Tourism and the Forbidded Zone: the Undeserved Power of Qualitative Inquiry, Tourism Management, 22 (1): 63–82
  • Jennings, G. R. (2005). Interviewing: a Focus on Qualitative Techniques. İçinde B. L. Ritchie, P. Burns ve C. Palmer (Editörler), Tourism Research Methods (ss. 99–117). Cambridge: Cabi Publishing
  • Johnson, P. ve Duberley, J. (2000). Understanding Management Research: an Introduction to Epistemology. London: Sage Publications
  • Joppe, M. (1996). Everything must be Connected to Everything Else: an Ecosystem Approach to Tourism Development in Northumberland County, Ontario, Canada. İçinde L. C. Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 313–329). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Kamsma, T. ve Bras, K. (2000). Gili Trawangan – from Desert Island to “Marginal” Paradise. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 170–184). London and New York: Routledge
  • Kempadoo, K. (1999). Continuities and Change. İçinde K. Kempadoo (Editör), Sun, Sex, and Gold (ss. 3–33). Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, INC
  • Khan, M. M. (1997). Tourism Development and Dependency Theory: Mass Tourism vs. Ecotourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 24 (4): 988–991
  • King, B., McVey, M. ve Simmons, D. (2000). A Societal Marketing Approach to National Tourism Planning: Evidence from the South Pacific, Tourism Management, 21 (4): 407–416
  • Kothari, U. (2001). Power, Knowledge and Social Control: Participatory Develoment. İçinde B. Cooke ve U. Kothari (Editörler), Participation: the New Tyranny (ss. 139–152). London: Zed Boks
  • Kümbetoğlu, B. (2005). Sosyolojide ve Antropolojide Niteliksel Yöntem ve Araştırma. İstanbul: Bağlam Yayıncılık
  • Lane, M. B. (2003). Participation, Decentralization, and Civil Society: Indigenous Rights and Democracy in Environmental Planning, Journal of Planning Education and Research, 22: 360–373
  • Lankford, S. V., Lankford, J. L. ve Povey, D. C. (1996). Instilling Community Confidence and Commitment in Tourism. İçinde L. C. Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 330–349). New York: John Wiley and Sons
  • Lazar, D. (1998). Selected Issues in the Philosophy of Social Science. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss.7–22). London: Sage Publications
  • Lea, J. (1988). Tourism Development in the Third World. New York: Routledge
  • Liu, A. ve Wall, G. (2004). Planning Tourism Employment: a Developing Country Perspective, Tourism Management, 27 (1): 159–170
  • Liu, Z. (2003). Sustainable Tourism Development: a Critique, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11(6): 459–475
  • Llobera, J. (1998). Historical and Comparative Research. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss. 72–81). London: Sage Publications
  • Lynch, P. A. (2005). Sociological Impressionism in a Hospitlity Context, Annals of Tourism Research, 32 (3): 527–548
  • Mathieson, A. ve Wall, G. (1982). Tourism: Economic, Phyical an Social Impacts. London: Longman Scientific and Technical
  • Mitchell, R. E. ve Reid, D. G. (2001). Community Integration, Annals of Tourism Research, 28 (1): 113–139
  • Mohan, G. (2002). The Disappointments of Civil Society: the Politics of NGO intervention in Northern Ghana, Political Geography, 21 (1): 125–154
  • Mohan, G. ve Stokke, K. (2000). Participatory Development and Empowerment: the Dangers of Localism, Third World Quarterly, 21 (2): 247–268
  • Mowforth, M. ve Munt, I. (1998). Tourism and Sustainability. New York: Routledge
  • Murphy, P. E. (1985). Tourism: A Community Approach. London: Routledge
  • Neto, F. (2003). A New Approach to Sustainable Tourism Development: Moving beyond Environmental Protection, Natural Resources Forum, 27 (3): 212–222
  • Oakley, P. ve Marsden, D. (1990). Approaches to Participation in Rural Development. Geneva: International Labour Office
  • Özcan, G. B. (2000). Local Economic Development, Decentralisation and Consensus Building in Turkey, Progress in Planning, 54 (4): 199–278
  • Prugh, T., Costanza, R. ve Daly, H. (2000). The Local Politics of Global Sustainability. Washington: Islan Press
  • Richards, G. ve Hall, D. (2000a). The Community: a Sustainable Concept in Tourism Development? İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 1–13). New York: Routledge
  • Richards G. ve Hall, D. (2000b). Conclusions. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 297–305). New York: Routledge
  • Riley, R. W. ve Love, L. L. (2000). The State of Qualitative Tourism Research, Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (1): 164–187
  • Rubin, H. J. ve Rubin, I. S. (2001). Community Organizing and Development. New York: Allyn & Bacon
  • Scheyvens, R. (2002). Tourism for Development: Empowering Communities. Essex: Pearson Education
  • Seale, C. (1998a). Introduction. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss. 1–4). London: Sage Publications
  • Seale, C. (1998b). Qualitative Interviewing. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss.202–216). London: Sage Publications
  • Sezgin, O. M. (2001). Genel Turizm ve Turizm Mevzuatı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık
  • Shepherd, A. (1998). Sustainable Rural Development. London: Macmillan Pres Ltd
  • Sofield, T. H. B. (2003). Empowerment for Sustainable Tourism. Oxford: Pergamon
  • Soyak, A. (2005). Türkiye’ye Yönelik Yabancı Turizmin İktisadi Etkileri. İstanbul: Derin Yayınları
  • Tekeli, İ. (2002). Açılış Konuşması. İçinde Türkiye Ekonomik ve Toplumsal Tarih Vakfı, STK’lar Yerelleşme ve Yerel Yönetimler (ss. 5–28). İstanbul: Numune Matbaası
  • Timothy, D. J. (1999). Participatory Planning: a View of Tourism in Indonesia, Annals of Tourism Research, 26 (2): 371–391
  • Timothy, D. J. (2002). Tourism and Community Development Issues. İçinde R. Sharpley ve D. J. Telfer (Editörler), Aspects of Tourism, 5: Tourism and Development: Concepts and Issues (ss. 149–164). Channel View Publications
  • Tonkiss, F. (1998). The History of the Social Survey. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss. 58–71). London: Sage Publications
  • Tosun, C. (1998). Roots of Unsustainable Tourism Development at the Local Level: the Case of Turkey, Tourism Management, 19 (6): 595–610
  • Tosun, C. (1999). Towards a Typology of Community Participation in the Tourism Development Process, Anatolia: an International Journal of Tourism and Hospiatlity Research,10 (2): 113–134
  • Tosun, C. (2000). Limits to Community Participation in the Tourism development Process in Developing Countries, Tourism Management, 21 (6): 613–633. Tosun, C. (2005). Stages in the Emergence of a Participatory Tourism Development Approach in the Developing World, Geoforum, 36 (3): 333–352
  • Tosun, C. (2006). Expected Nature of Community Participation in Tourism Development, Tourism Management, 27 (3): 493–504
  • Tosun, C. ve Jenkins, C. L. (1996). Regional Planning Approches to Tourism Development: the Case of Turkey, Tourism Management, 17 (7): 519–531
  • Tosun, C., Timothy, D. J. ve Öztürk, Y. (2003) Tourism Growth, National Development and Regional Inequality in Turkey, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11 (2/3): 133–161
  • Türkdoğan, O. (2003). Bilimsel Araştırma Metodolojisi. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları
  • White, T. (2006). Socio-cultural Impacts of Tourism: a Host Perspective. The Third Graduate Research in Tourism Conference (ss.283–306). May 25–28. Canakkale, Turkey. WTO (1993). Sustainable Tourism Development: Guide for Local Planners. Madrid. World Tourism Organization
  • WTO (1999). Guide for Local Authorities on Developing Sustainable Tourism: Supplementary Volume on Asia and Pacific. Madrid: World Tourism Organization
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2005). Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • Yıldırım, İ. (2004). Demokrasi, Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları ve Yönetişim. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • Yüksel, F., Bramwell, B. ve Yüksel, A. (2005). Centralized and Decentralized Tourism Governance in Turkey, Annals of Tourism Research, 32 (4): 859–886
  • İnternet kaynakçası http://www.akyaka.bel.tr/KonaklamaTessleri.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 27 Aralık 2006)
  • http://www.akyaka.bel.tr/Turizm.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 27 Aralık 2006)
  • http://www.ockkb.gov.tr/TR/Icerik.ASP?ID=130 (Erişim Tarihi: 04 Ocak 2007)
  • http://www.akyaka.org/images/iller_ok.jpg (Erişim Tarihi 13 Şubat 2007).

Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Year 2008, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 71 - 83, 01.06.2008

Abstract

Pek çok Gelişmekte Olan Ülke (GOÜ), turizmi kalkınma yolunda bir araç olarak seçmiştir. Bu yönde de turizm planlaması yaklaşımları turist sayılarını ve turizm gelirlerini arttırmak üzerine odaklanmıştır. Buna karşın, bu geleneksel turizm planlaması yaklaşımları GOÜ'lerde turizmin olumsuz sonuçlar doğurmasına neden olmuştur. Turizmin daha sürdürülebilir olması için geleneksel turizm planlaması yaklaşımlarının değiştirilmesi ve yerel toplumların turizm planlamasına katılmaları gerektiği belirtilmektedir. GOÜ'lerde yerel toplumların turizm planlarına kendi kendilerine katılmaları güç olduğundan, onları devletin mi, yerel yönetimlerin mi, Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları (STK)'nın mı yönlendireceği konusunda tartışmalar olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin Güneybatı ucunda yer alan Akyaka beldesinde yerel toplumun turizm planlaması yapımında kime daha fazla güvendiği yapılan 26 görüşmeyle incelenmiştir. Buna göre, Akyakalılar turizm planlamasının yapımında en az STK'ya güvenmişlerdir.

References

  • Acı, E. Y. (2005). Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları: Kalkınma Ajan(s)ları mı? Neo-liberal Ajanlar mı? İstanbul: Günizi Yayıncılık
  • Bourke, L. ve Luloff, A. E. (1996). Rural Tourism Development. İçinde L. C
  • Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 277–295). New York: John Wiley and Sons
  • Bramwell, B. (2003). Maltese Responses to Tourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 30 (3): 581–605
  • Bramwell, B. ve Sharman, A. (2000). Approaches to Sustainable Tourism Planning and Community Participation. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 17–35). New york: Routledge
  • Brohman, J. (1996). New Directions in Tourism for Third World Development, Annals of Tourism Reserach, 23 (1): 48–70
  • Brown, F. (1998). Tourism Reassessed: Blight or Blessing? Oxford: Butterworth-Heineman
  • Chang, H. J. ve Grabel, I. (2005). Kalkınma Yeniden: Alternatif İktisat Politikaları Elkitabı. (Çeviren: E. Özçelik). Ankara: İmge Kitabevi
  • Chossudovsky, M. (1999). Yoksulluğun Küreselleşmesi: IMF ve Dünya Bankası Reformlarının İçyüzü. (Çeviren: Neşenur Domaniç). İstanbul: Çiviyazıları. Coccossis, H. (2001). Sustainable Development and Tourism in Small Islands: Some Lessons from Greece, Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 12 (1): 53–58
  • Conlin, M. V. (1996). Revitalizing Bermuda: Tourism Policy Planning in a Mature Island Destination. İçinde L. C. Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 80–102). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Cooke, B. ve Kothari, U. (2001). The Case for Participation as Tyranny. İçinde B. Cooke ve U. Kothari (Editörler), Participation: the New Tyranny. (ss. 1–15) London: Zed Books
  • Crick, M. (1989). Representations of International Tourism in the Social Sciences: Sun, Sex, Sights, Savings, and Servility, Annual Review of Antropology, 18: 307–344
  • Croall, J. (1995). Preserve or Destroy: Tourism and the Environment. London: Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation
  • Cumhuriyet Gazetesi (10 Kasım 2006)
  • Çukurçayır, M. A. (2006). Siyasal Katılma ve Yerel Demokrasi. Konya: Çizgi Kitabevi
  • Dahles, H. (2000). Tourism, Small Enterprises and Community Development. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss.154–169). New York: Routledge
  • Elliott, J. (1997). Tourism Politics and Public Sector Management. London: Routledge
  • Fava, J. A., Frank J. C., Reinert, K. H. ve Ryding, S. (1998). A Framework For Sustainable Product Development. İçinde P. Calow (Editör), Handbook of Environmental Risk Assessment And Management (ss. 542–561). USA: Blackwell Publishing
  • Feyerabend, P. (1999). Yönteme Karşı. (Çeviren: Ertuğrul Başer). İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları
  • Fortier, A-M. (1998). Gender, Ethnicity and Fieldwork: a Case Study. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture ( ss. 48–57). London: Sage Publications
  • Gartner, W. C. (1996). Tourism Development. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold
  • Gaventa, J. (2004). Towards Participtory Governance: Assesing the Transfromative Possibilities. İçinde S. Hickey ve G. Mohan (Editörler), Participation: from Tyranny to Transformation? (ss. 25–41). New York: Zed Boks
  • Godfrey, K. B. (1996). Towards sustainability. İçinde L. C. Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 58–79). USA: John Wiley and Sons. Göymen, K. (2000). Tourism and Governance in Turkey, Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (4): 1025–1048
  • Gunn, C. A. ve Var, T. (2002). Tourism Planning: Basics, Concepts, Cases. New York and London: Routledge. Güler, B. A. (2006). Yerel Yönetimler: Liberal Açıklamalara Eleştirel Yaklaşım. Ankara: İmge Kitabevi
  • Hall, C. M. (1994). Tourism and Politics: Policy, Power and Place. John Wiley and Sons: Chichester
  • Hall, D. (2000). Identity, Community and Sustainability: Prospects for Rural Tourism in Albania. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 48–59). New York: Routledge
  • Hickey, S. ve Mohan, G. (2004). Towards Partcipation as Transformation: Critical Themes and Challenges. İçinde S. Hickey ve G. Mohan (Editörler), Participation: from Tyranny to Transformation? (ss. 3–24). New York: Zed Boks
  • Howie, F. (2000). Establishing the Common Ground: Tourism, Ordinary Places, Grey-Areas and Environmental Quality in Edinburgh, Scotland. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 101–118). New York: Routledge
  • Hürriyet Gazetesi (3 Eylül 2006)
  • Inskeep, E. (1991). Tourism Planning: An Integrated and Sustainable Development Approach. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold
  • Jackson, G. ve Morpeth, N. (2000). Local Agenda 21: Recaliming Community Ownership in Tourism or Stalled Process? İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss.119–134). New York: Routledge
  • Jamal, T. B. ve Getz, D. (1995). Collaboration Theory and Community Tourism Planning, Annals of Tourism Research, 22 (1): 186–204
  • Jamal, T. ve Hollinshead, K. (2001). Tourism and the Forbidded Zone: the Undeserved Power of Qualitative Inquiry, Tourism Management, 22 (1): 63–82
  • Jennings, G. R. (2005). Interviewing: a Focus on Qualitative Techniques. İçinde B. L. Ritchie, P. Burns ve C. Palmer (Editörler), Tourism Research Methods (ss. 99–117). Cambridge: Cabi Publishing
  • Johnson, P. ve Duberley, J. (2000). Understanding Management Research: an Introduction to Epistemology. London: Sage Publications
  • Joppe, M. (1996). Everything must be Connected to Everything Else: an Ecosystem Approach to Tourism Development in Northumberland County, Ontario, Canada. İçinde L. C. Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 313–329). New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Kamsma, T. ve Bras, K. (2000). Gili Trawangan – from Desert Island to “Marginal” Paradise. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 170–184). London and New York: Routledge
  • Kempadoo, K. (1999). Continuities and Change. İçinde K. Kempadoo (Editör), Sun, Sex, and Gold (ss. 3–33). Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield Publishers, INC
  • Khan, M. M. (1997). Tourism Development and Dependency Theory: Mass Tourism vs. Ecotourism, Annals of Tourism Research, 24 (4): 988–991
  • King, B., McVey, M. ve Simmons, D. (2000). A Societal Marketing Approach to National Tourism Planning: Evidence from the South Pacific, Tourism Management, 21 (4): 407–416
  • Kothari, U. (2001). Power, Knowledge and Social Control: Participatory Develoment. İçinde B. Cooke ve U. Kothari (Editörler), Participation: the New Tyranny (ss. 139–152). London: Zed Boks
  • Kümbetoğlu, B. (2005). Sosyolojide ve Antropolojide Niteliksel Yöntem ve Araştırma. İstanbul: Bağlam Yayıncılık
  • Lane, M. B. (2003). Participation, Decentralization, and Civil Society: Indigenous Rights and Democracy in Environmental Planning, Journal of Planning Education and Research, 22: 360–373
  • Lankford, S. V., Lankford, J. L. ve Povey, D. C. (1996). Instilling Community Confidence and Commitment in Tourism. İçinde L. C. Harrison ve W. Husbands (Editörler), Practicing Responsible Tourism (ss. 330–349). New York: John Wiley and Sons
  • Lazar, D. (1998). Selected Issues in the Philosophy of Social Science. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss.7–22). London: Sage Publications
  • Lea, J. (1988). Tourism Development in the Third World. New York: Routledge
  • Liu, A. ve Wall, G. (2004). Planning Tourism Employment: a Developing Country Perspective, Tourism Management, 27 (1): 159–170
  • Liu, Z. (2003). Sustainable Tourism Development: a Critique, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11(6): 459–475
  • Llobera, J. (1998). Historical and Comparative Research. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss. 72–81). London: Sage Publications
  • Lynch, P. A. (2005). Sociological Impressionism in a Hospitlity Context, Annals of Tourism Research, 32 (3): 527–548
  • Mathieson, A. ve Wall, G. (1982). Tourism: Economic, Phyical an Social Impacts. London: Longman Scientific and Technical
  • Mitchell, R. E. ve Reid, D. G. (2001). Community Integration, Annals of Tourism Research, 28 (1): 113–139
  • Mohan, G. (2002). The Disappointments of Civil Society: the Politics of NGO intervention in Northern Ghana, Political Geography, 21 (1): 125–154
  • Mohan, G. ve Stokke, K. (2000). Participatory Development and Empowerment: the Dangers of Localism, Third World Quarterly, 21 (2): 247–268
  • Mowforth, M. ve Munt, I. (1998). Tourism and Sustainability. New York: Routledge
  • Murphy, P. E. (1985). Tourism: A Community Approach. London: Routledge
  • Neto, F. (2003). A New Approach to Sustainable Tourism Development: Moving beyond Environmental Protection, Natural Resources Forum, 27 (3): 212–222
  • Oakley, P. ve Marsden, D. (1990). Approaches to Participation in Rural Development. Geneva: International Labour Office
  • Özcan, G. B. (2000). Local Economic Development, Decentralisation and Consensus Building in Turkey, Progress in Planning, 54 (4): 199–278
  • Prugh, T., Costanza, R. ve Daly, H. (2000). The Local Politics of Global Sustainability. Washington: Islan Press
  • Richards, G. ve Hall, D. (2000a). The Community: a Sustainable Concept in Tourism Development? İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 1–13). New York: Routledge
  • Richards G. ve Hall, D. (2000b). Conclusions. İçinde G. Richards ve D. Hall (Editörler), Tourism and Sustainable Community Development (ss. 297–305). New York: Routledge
  • Riley, R. W. ve Love, L. L. (2000). The State of Qualitative Tourism Research, Annals of Tourism Research, 27 (1): 164–187
  • Rubin, H. J. ve Rubin, I. S. (2001). Community Organizing and Development. New York: Allyn & Bacon
  • Scheyvens, R. (2002). Tourism for Development: Empowering Communities. Essex: Pearson Education
  • Seale, C. (1998a). Introduction. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss. 1–4). London: Sage Publications
  • Seale, C. (1998b). Qualitative Interviewing. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss.202–216). London: Sage Publications
  • Sezgin, O. M. (2001). Genel Turizm ve Turizm Mevzuatı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık
  • Shepherd, A. (1998). Sustainable Rural Development. London: Macmillan Pres Ltd
  • Sofield, T. H. B. (2003). Empowerment for Sustainable Tourism. Oxford: Pergamon
  • Soyak, A. (2005). Türkiye’ye Yönelik Yabancı Turizmin İktisadi Etkileri. İstanbul: Derin Yayınları
  • Tekeli, İ. (2002). Açılış Konuşması. İçinde Türkiye Ekonomik ve Toplumsal Tarih Vakfı, STK’lar Yerelleşme ve Yerel Yönetimler (ss. 5–28). İstanbul: Numune Matbaası
  • Timothy, D. J. (1999). Participatory Planning: a View of Tourism in Indonesia, Annals of Tourism Research, 26 (2): 371–391
  • Timothy, D. J. (2002). Tourism and Community Development Issues. İçinde R. Sharpley ve D. J. Telfer (Editörler), Aspects of Tourism, 5: Tourism and Development: Concepts and Issues (ss. 149–164). Channel View Publications
  • Tonkiss, F. (1998). The History of the Social Survey. İçinde C. Seale (Editör), Researching Society and Culture (ss. 58–71). London: Sage Publications
  • Tosun, C. (1998). Roots of Unsustainable Tourism Development at the Local Level: the Case of Turkey, Tourism Management, 19 (6): 595–610
  • Tosun, C. (1999). Towards a Typology of Community Participation in the Tourism Development Process, Anatolia: an International Journal of Tourism and Hospiatlity Research,10 (2): 113–134
  • Tosun, C. (2000). Limits to Community Participation in the Tourism development Process in Developing Countries, Tourism Management, 21 (6): 613–633. Tosun, C. (2005). Stages in the Emergence of a Participatory Tourism Development Approach in the Developing World, Geoforum, 36 (3): 333–352
  • Tosun, C. (2006). Expected Nature of Community Participation in Tourism Development, Tourism Management, 27 (3): 493–504
  • Tosun, C. ve Jenkins, C. L. (1996). Regional Planning Approches to Tourism Development: the Case of Turkey, Tourism Management, 17 (7): 519–531
  • Tosun, C., Timothy, D. J. ve Öztürk, Y. (2003) Tourism Growth, National Development and Regional Inequality in Turkey, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11 (2/3): 133–161
  • Türkdoğan, O. (2003). Bilimsel Araştırma Metodolojisi. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları
  • White, T. (2006). Socio-cultural Impacts of Tourism: a Host Perspective. The Third Graduate Research in Tourism Conference (ss.283–306). May 25–28. Canakkale, Turkey. WTO (1993). Sustainable Tourism Development: Guide for Local Planners. Madrid. World Tourism Organization
  • WTO (1999). Guide for Local Authorities on Developing Sustainable Tourism: Supplementary Volume on Asia and Pacific. Madrid: World Tourism Organization
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2005). Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • Yıldırım, İ. (2004). Demokrasi, Sivil Toplum Kuruluşları ve Yönetişim. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık
  • Yüksel, F., Bramwell, B. ve Yüksel, A. (2005). Centralized and Decentralized Tourism Governance in Turkey, Annals of Tourism Research, 32 (4): 859–886
  • İnternet kaynakçası http://www.akyaka.bel.tr/KonaklamaTessleri.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 27 Aralık 2006)
  • http://www.akyaka.bel.tr/Turizm.htm (Erişim Tarihi: 27 Aralık 2006)
  • http://www.ockkb.gov.tr/TR/Icerik.ASP?ID=130 (Erişim Tarihi: 04 Ocak 2007)
  • http://www.akyaka.org/images/iller_ok.jpg (Erişim Tarihi 13 Şubat 2007).
There are 91 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Alper Aslan This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2008
Published in Issue Year 2008 Volume: 19 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aslan, A. (2008). Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 19(1), 71-83.
AMA Aslan A. Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. June 2008;19(1):71-83.
Chicago Aslan, Alper. “Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 19, no. 1 (June 2008): 71-83.
EndNote Aslan A (June 1, 2008) Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 19 1 71–83.
IEEE A. Aslan, “Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme”, Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 71–83, 2008.
ISNAD Aslan, Alper. “Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi 19/1 (June 2008), 71-83.
JAMA Aslan A. Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2008;19:71–83.
MLA Aslan, Alper. “Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, vol. 19, no. 1, 2008, pp. 71-83.
Vancouver Aslan A. Turizm Planlamasına Yerel Toplumun Katılımı:Saklı Bahçe Akyaka Üzerine Bir İnceleme. Anatolia: Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi. 2008;19(1):71-83.