Antrenman İç Yükleri: Fizyolojik Yanıtlar

Year 2021, Volume: 23 Issue: 2, 1 - 16, 30.06.2021

Hasan Batuhan Dirik Barış Gürol

Abstract

İç yük, antrenman veya müsabaka sırasında sporcuların fizyolojik ve psikolojik strese maruz kalmaları sonucu organizmanın vermiş olduğu tepkilerdir. Performansın etkili bir şekilde sürdürülebilmesi için antrenmana verilen tepkiler antrenörler ve/veya uygulayıcılar tarafından sürekli gözlem altında tutulması gerekmektedir. İç yük takibinde birçok değerlendirme yöntemi bulunmaktadır. Bu yöntemler saha ve laboratuvar koşullarında uygulanabilmektedir. Teknolojinin ve spor bilimlerinin hızla gelişmesi ile her geçen gün yeni cihazlar ve fikirler ortaya çıkmaktadır. Eskiden sadece laboratuvar ortamında yapılan uygulamalar, günümüzde bir saat veya telefon uygulaması ile yapılabilecek kadar kolay hale gelmiştir. Bu yenilikler, spor bilimciler ve uygulayıcılara birçok kolaylıklar sağlamaktadır. Takım sporları ve bireysel sporlarda uygulayıcıların bu yöntemleri kullanarak antrenman programlarını dizayn etmeleri gerekmektedir. Özellikle takım sporlarında bireysel farklılıklar olabilmektedir. Aynı antrenman sürecinde sporcular birbirlerinden farklı fizyolojik tepkiler verebilmektedir. Bu farklılıkların antrenmandan elde edilecek verimi düşürebileceği gibi sakatlık ve hastalıklara da sebebiyet verebileceği bilinmektedir. Ayrıca futbol gibi sıkışık müsabaka dönemlerinin olabildiği spor branşlarında bu değerlendirmeler daha da önemli hale gelmektedir. Sonuç olarak bu derlemede, antrenmanda oluşan iç yüklerin oluşumu ve değerlendirmelerinin kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alınarak, spor bilimcilere ve uygulayıcılara katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır.

Keywords

Antrenman Takibi, Antrenman Yükü, İç yük, Performans Takibi

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