YENİ TİP 1 DİABETES MELLİTUS TEŞHİSİ KONULAN ÇOCUKLARIN BESLENME VE AĞIZ HİJYENİ EĞİTİMİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Year 2016, Volume: 26 Issue: 3, 427 - 434, 01.12.2016

Cüneyt Asım Aral Korcan Demir

https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.290259

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: Literatürde tip 1 diyabetin erken döneminde verilen
beslenme ve ağız hijyeni eğitiminin sonuçlarını değerlendiren çalışma
bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma- nın amacı Tip 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) teşhisi
konu- lan çocuklarda beslenme ve ağız hijyeni alışkanlıklarını incelemek, aynı
yaş grubu sistemik sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırmak ve bulguları diyabetin
kontrolünün 3. ayında tekrar değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 10-16 yaş arası 60 birey dâhil
edildi. Yaş, boy, kilo ve vücut kütle indeksi açısından benzer olan çalışma
gruplarımızı; sistemik olarak sağlıklı bireyler (S),  yeni T1DM teşhisi konulan hastalar (DY) ve
T1DM’li hastaların 3. ay kontrolleri (DK) oluşturdu. Bireylerin periodontal
muayenelerinde OHİ-S (Oral Hijyen İndeksi) ve SKI (Sulkus Kanama İndeksi)
belirlendi. Çalışmaya katılan bireylerin ebeveynleri ile beslenme ve ağız
hijyeni anketi yapıldı.

Bulgular: DY grubunda OHİ-S değerleri, DK grubuna
göre daha yüksekti (p=0.005). DY grubunda SKİ değerleri, S ile DK gruplarından
daha fazla bulundu (Sırasıyla; p = 0.002 ve p=0.015). Öğün atlamayan bireylerin
yüzdesi DK grubunda en yüksekti (%90). DY grubunda; genellikle tatlı tüketen
bireylerin yüzdesi (%66.7) ve genellikle içecek tüketen bireylerin yüzdesi
(%76.7) en yüksekti. S grubunda genellikle atıştırmalık tüketen bireylerin
yüzdesi en düşüktü(%26.7). Genel- likle dişlerini fırçalayan ve düzenli gargara
yapan birey- lerin yüzdeleri DY grubuna göre (Sırasıyla; %30, %10), DK grubunda
(Sırasıyla; %76.7, %46.7) yüksel- diği izlendi. DY grubunda fırçalama esnasında
genel- likle dişeti kanaması olan bireylerin yüzdesi (%53.3), S (%26.7) ve DK
(%23.3) gruplarına göre daha fazla bulundu.

Sonuçlar: Ağız hijyenini de etkileyebilen beslenme
alışkanlıkları, kontrolsüz T1DM’li çocuklarda bozulduğu izlendi. Dolayısı ile
diyabetik bireylere verilen ağız hijyeni ve beslenme eğitimi; hem diyabetin
kontrolü, hem de periodontal sağlığın idamesi için önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tip 1 Diabetes, Mellitus, ağız hijyeni, beslenme alışkanlıkları

EVALUATION
OF ORAL HYGIENE AND NUTRITIONAL EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH NEWLY DIAGNOSED TYPE
1 DIABETES MELLITUS

ABSTRACT

 Objectives: There is no study in the literature evaluating the results of oral
hygiene and nutritional education in
the early stages of type 1 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate oral
hygiene and nutritional education in children diagnosed with Type 1 Diabetes
Mellitus (T1DM), and reevaluate the children diagnosed with T1DM after 3
months, and compare them with those of systemically healthy controls.

Materials and
Methods: The present study was consisted of 60 individuals aged
between 10-16 years. Systemically healthy individuals (S), patients with newly
diagnosed T1DM (DY), and their control after 3 months (DK), formed the study
groups which were similar with regards to age, height, weight, and body mass
index. The periodontal examination was consisted of OHI-S (Oral Hygiene Index)
and SBI (Sulcus Bleeding Index). Oral hygiene and nutritional questionnaire was
conducted with the parents.

Results: OHI-S values were higher in group DY, compared to group DK (p = 0.005).
SBI values in group DY were higher compared to group S and group DK (p = 0.002
and p = 0.015, respectively). No meal skipping percentage in group DK was the
highest (90%). The percentages of usually sweet (66.7%) and drink consumption
(76.7%) were the highest in the group DY. The percentage of usually snack
consumption was the lowest in group S (26.7%). The percentages of usually tooth
brushing and gargling increased in group DK (76.7% and 46.7%, respectively),
compared to group DY (30% and 10%, respectively). The percentage of bleeding on
brushing in group DY (53.3%) was higher compared to group S (26.7%) and group
DK (23.3%).

Conclusions: Dietary habits, which can effect oral hygiene, is disrupted in children
with uncontrolled T1DM. Oral hygiene and nutritional education of individuals with diabetes is
important for both control of diabetes and maintenance of periodontal health.

Key
Words: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus; oral hygiene; dietary
habits

Keywords

ip 1 Diabetes, Mellitus, ağız hijyeni

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