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ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT

Year 2019, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 244 - 251, 22.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950

Abstract



Objectives: The aim of
this study is to perform morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum (FM) and
clivus using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to evaluate their
applicability in age and gender estimation.



Materials and Methods: CBCT
images of 412 individuals (248 females and 164 males) were included in the
study. The sagittal dimension (SD) and transverse dimension (TD) and area of
the FM were measured. The width and length of clivus were calculated.  The data were statistically analyzed with
ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and t-tests to assess the level of significance for sex
and age.



Result: The mean values
of SD, TD, area of FM and width and length of clivus were higher in males than
in females. Statistically significant differences were found between sexes for
all variables (p< 0.05). There was no statistically difference between age
and FM dimensions (p > 0.05). There was a significant relationship and
positive correlation between length of clivus and age groups (p=0.009,
r=0.351).



Concusion: CBCT provides
valuable information about the dimensions of the FM and clivus, and can be used
reliably for anthropometric analysis and forensic medicine in the field of sexual
dimorphism. The length of clivus can also help in determining age groups.



Keywords:Age estimation,
CBCT, clivus, foramen magnum, sex estimation .



  



Yaş ve Cinsiyet Tayininde Foramen
Magnum ve Klivusun Konik Işınlı BT Kullanımı ile Değerlendirilmesi

ÖZ



Amaç: Bu çalışmanın
amacı foramen magnum (FM) ve klivusun morfometrik özelliklerini konik ışınlı bilgisayarlı
tomografi (KIBT) ile belirleyip ve yaş ve cinsiyet belirlemede
kullanılabilirliğini değerlendirmektir.



Materyal
ve Metod
:
412 bireye (248 bayan ve 164 erkek) ait KIBT görüntüsü çalışmaya dahil edildi.
FM’ un   sagittal boyutu (SB),
transversal boyutu (TB) ve alanı ölçüldü. klivusun genişlik ve uzunluğu
ölçüldü. Veriler, cinsiyet ve yaş için önem düzeyini değerlendirmek amacıyla
ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis ve t-testleri ile istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi.



Bulgular: SB,
TB, FM alanı ile klivus genişliği ve uzunluğuna ait ortalama değerler
erkeklerde kadınlara nazaran yüksek bulundu. Tüm değişkenler için cinsiyetler
arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark görüldü. klivusun uzunluğu ile yaş
grupları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki ve pozitif korelasyon görüldü (p=0.009,
r=0.351).



Sonuç:
KIBT, FM ve klivus boyutları hakkında değerli bilgiler sağlar ve cinsiyet
ayrımında antropometrik ve adli tıp alanında güvenilir bir şekilde
kullanılabilir. Ayrıca klivusun uzunluğu da yaş gruplarının belirlenmesinde
yardımcı olabilir.



Anahtar
Sözcükler:

Yaş tayini, KIBT, klivus, foramen magnum, cinsiyet ayrımı



References

  • 1. Chaurasia A, Patil R, Katheriya G. Radiomorphometeric Evaluation of Clivus in Indian Paediatric Population Visiting a Tertiary Dental Hospital-A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research 2018; 12
  • 2. Akay G, Gungor K, Peker I. Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum using cone beam computed tomography. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:1715-1722.
  • 3. Gunay Y, Altinkok M. The value of the size of foramen magnum in sex estimation. J Clin Forensic Med 2000; 7:147-149.
  • 4. Uthman AT, Al-Rawi NH, Al-Timimi JF. Evaluation of foramen magnum in gender estimation using helical CT scanning. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012; 41:197-202.
  • 5. Jain D, Jasuja OP, Nath S. Sex estimation of human crania using Mastoid triangle and Opisthion-Bimastoid triangle. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20:255-259.
  • 6. Kanchan T, Gupta A, Krishan K. Estimation of sex from mastoid triangle - a craniometric analysis. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20:855-860.
  • 7. Bayrak S, Halicioglu S, Kose G, Halicioglu K. Evaluation of the relationship between mandibular condyle cortication and chronologic age with cone beam computed tomography. J Forensic Leg Med 2018; 55:39-44.
  • 8. Tambawala SS, Karjodkar FR, Sansare K, Prakash N, Dora AC. Sexual dimorphism of foramen magnum using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 44:29-34.
  • 9. Jehan M, Kumar R. Sexual dimorphism of clivus dimension by computed tomography scan. Indian Journal of Applied Research 2014; 9:379-381.
  • 10. Hofmann E, Prescher A. The clivus: anatomy, normal variants and imaging pathology. Clin Neuroradiol 2012; 22:123-139.
  • 11. Aktan A, Güngör E, Çiftçi M, İşman Ö. Diş hekimliğinde konik işinli bilgisayarli tomografi kullanimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2015; 25:71-76.
  • 12. Yang F, Jacobs R, Willems G. Dental age estimation through volume matching of teeth imaged by cone-beam CT. Forensic Sci Int 2006; 159 Suppl 1:S78-83.
  • 13. Gamba Tde O, Alves MC, Haiter-Neto F. Mandibular sexual dimorphism analysis in CBCT scans. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 38:106-110.
  • 14. Lee KM, Lee WJ, Cho JH, Hwang HS. Three-dimensional prediction of the nose for facial reconstruction using cone-beam computed tomography. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 236:194.e191-195.
  • 15. Marques J, Musse J, Caetano C, Corte-Real F, Corte-Real AT. Analysis of bite marks in foodstuffs by computer tomography (cone beam CT)--3D reconstruction. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2013; 31:1-7.
  • 16. Patil KR, Mody RN. Estimation of sex by discriminant function analysis and stature by regression analysis: a lateral cephalometric study. Forensic Sci Int 2005; 147:175-180.
  • 17. Raikar NA, Meundi MA, David CM, Rao MD, Jogigowda SC. Sexual dimorphism in foramen magnum dimensions in the South Indian population: A digital submentovertex radiographic study. J Forensic Dent Sci 2016; 8:180.
  • 18. Uysal S, Gokharman D, Kacar M, Tuncbilek I, Kosa U. Estimation of sex by 3D CT measurements of the foramen magnum. J Forensic Sci 2005; 50:1310-1314.
  • 19. Galdames ICS, Russo PP, Matamala DAZ, Smith RL. Sexual dimorphism in the foramen magnum dimensions. International Journal of Morphology 2009; 27
  • 20. Burdan F, Szumilo J, Walocha J, Klepacz L, Madej B, Dworzanski W, Klepacz R, Dworzanska A, Czekajska-Chehab E, Drop A. Morphology of the foramen magnum in young Eastern European adults. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2012; 71:205-216.
  • 21. Bello SS ZA, Kalale SB, Usman JD, Bello A, Abdulhameed A, et al. . Measurements of Foramen Magnum using ComputerisedTomography in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Int J Health and Medical Information 2013; 2:29‑35.
  • 22. Murshed KA, Çiçekcibaşi AE, Tuncer I. Morphometric evaluation of the foramen magnum and variations in its shape: a study on computerized tomographic images of normal adults. Turk J Med Sci 2003; 33:301-306.
  • 23. Kanchan T, Gupta A, Krishan K. Craniometric analysis of foramen magnum for estimation of sex. International journal of medical, Health, biomedical and pharmaceutical engineering 2013; 7:111-113.
  • 24. Raghavendra Babu YP, Kanchan T, Attiku Y, Dixit PN, Kotian MS. Sex estimation from foramen magnum dimensions in an Indian population. J Forensic Leg Med 2012; 19:162-167.
  • 25. Ilguy D, Ilguy M, Ersan N, Dolekoglu S, Fisekcioglu E. Measurements of the foramen magnum and mandible in relation to sex using CBCT. J Forensic Sci 2014; 59:601-605.
  • 26. Tellioglu AM, Durum Y, Gok M, Karakas S, Polat AG, Karaman CZ. Suitability of foramen magnum measurements in sex estimation and their clinical significance. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2018; 77:99-104.
  • 27. Catalina-Herrera CJ. Study of the anatomic metric values of the foramen magnum and its relation to sex. Acta Anat (Basel) 1987; 130:344-347.
  • 28. Günay Y, Altinkök M, Cagdir S, Kirangil B. Gender estimation with skull measurements. J Forensic Med 1997; 13:4-8.
  • 29. Chaurasia A, Katheriya G, Patil R. Radio-morphometric evaluation of Clivus in Indian ethinicity-A cone beam computed tomography study. Journal of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 2017; 3:35-41.
Year 2019, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 244 - 251, 22.03.2019
https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950

Abstract

References

  • 1. Chaurasia A, Patil R, Katheriya G. Radiomorphometeric Evaluation of Clivus in Indian Paediatric Population Visiting a Tertiary Dental Hospital-A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research 2018; 12
  • 2. Akay G, Gungor K, Peker I. Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum using cone beam computed tomography. Turk J Med Sci 2017; 47:1715-1722.
  • 3. Gunay Y, Altinkok M. The value of the size of foramen magnum in sex estimation. J Clin Forensic Med 2000; 7:147-149.
  • 4. Uthman AT, Al-Rawi NH, Al-Timimi JF. Evaluation of foramen magnum in gender estimation using helical CT scanning. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2012; 41:197-202.
  • 5. Jain D, Jasuja OP, Nath S. Sex estimation of human crania using Mastoid triangle and Opisthion-Bimastoid triangle. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20:255-259.
  • 6. Kanchan T, Gupta A, Krishan K. Estimation of sex from mastoid triangle - a craniometric analysis. J Forensic Leg Med 2013; 20:855-860.
  • 7. Bayrak S, Halicioglu S, Kose G, Halicioglu K. Evaluation of the relationship between mandibular condyle cortication and chronologic age with cone beam computed tomography. J Forensic Leg Med 2018; 55:39-44.
  • 8. Tambawala SS, Karjodkar FR, Sansare K, Prakash N, Dora AC. Sexual dimorphism of foramen magnum using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 44:29-34.
  • 9. Jehan M, Kumar R. Sexual dimorphism of clivus dimension by computed tomography scan. Indian Journal of Applied Research 2014; 9:379-381.
  • 10. Hofmann E, Prescher A. The clivus: anatomy, normal variants and imaging pathology. Clin Neuroradiol 2012; 22:123-139.
  • 11. Aktan A, Güngör E, Çiftçi M, İşman Ö. Diş hekimliğinde konik işinli bilgisayarli tomografi kullanimi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2015; 25:71-76.
  • 12. Yang F, Jacobs R, Willems G. Dental age estimation through volume matching of teeth imaged by cone-beam CT. Forensic Sci Int 2006; 159 Suppl 1:S78-83.
  • 13. Gamba Tde O, Alves MC, Haiter-Neto F. Mandibular sexual dimorphism analysis in CBCT scans. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 38:106-110.
  • 14. Lee KM, Lee WJ, Cho JH, Hwang HS. Three-dimensional prediction of the nose for facial reconstruction using cone-beam computed tomography. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 236:194.e191-195.
  • 15. Marques J, Musse J, Caetano C, Corte-Real F, Corte-Real AT. Analysis of bite marks in foodstuffs by computer tomography (cone beam CT)--3D reconstruction. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2013; 31:1-7.
  • 16. Patil KR, Mody RN. Estimation of sex by discriminant function analysis and stature by regression analysis: a lateral cephalometric study. Forensic Sci Int 2005; 147:175-180.
  • 17. Raikar NA, Meundi MA, David CM, Rao MD, Jogigowda SC. Sexual dimorphism in foramen magnum dimensions in the South Indian population: A digital submentovertex radiographic study. J Forensic Dent Sci 2016; 8:180.
  • 18. Uysal S, Gokharman D, Kacar M, Tuncbilek I, Kosa U. Estimation of sex by 3D CT measurements of the foramen magnum. J Forensic Sci 2005; 50:1310-1314.
  • 19. Galdames ICS, Russo PP, Matamala DAZ, Smith RL. Sexual dimorphism in the foramen magnum dimensions. International Journal of Morphology 2009; 27
  • 20. Burdan F, Szumilo J, Walocha J, Klepacz L, Madej B, Dworzanski W, Klepacz R, Dworzanska A, Czekajska-Chehab E, Drop A. Morphology of the foramen magnum in young Eastern European adults. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2012; 71:205-216.
  • 21. Bello SS ZA, Kalale SB, Usman JD, Bello A, Abdulhameed A, et al. . Measurements of Foramen Magnum using ComputerisedTomography in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Int J Health and Medical Information 2013; 2:29‑35.
  • 22. Murshed KA, Çiçekcibaşi AE, Tuncer I. Morphometric evaluation of the foramen magnum and variations in its shape: a study on computerized tomographic images of normal adults. Turk J Med Sci 2003; 33:301-306.
  • 23. Kanchan T, Gupta A, Krishan K. Craniometric analysis of foramen magnum for estimation of sex. International journal of medical, Health, biomedical and pharmaceutical engineering 2013; 7:111-113.
  • 24. Raghavendra Babu YP, Kanchan T, Attiku Y, Dixit PN, Kotian MS. Sex estimation from foramen magnum dimensions in an Indian population. J Forensic Leg Med 2012; 19:162-167.
  • 25. Ilguy D, Ilguy M, Ersan N, Dolekoglu S, Fisekcioglu E. Measurements of the foramen magnum and mandible in relation to sex using CBCT. J Forensic Sci 2014; 59:601-605.
  • 26. Tellioglu AM, Durum Y, Gok M, Karakas S, Polat AG, Karaman CZ. Suitability of foramen magnum measurements in sex estimation and their clinical significance. Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2018; 77:99-104.
  • 27. Catalina-Herrera CJ. Study of the anatomic metric values of the foramen magnum and its relation to sex. Acta Anat (Basel) 1987; 130:344-347.
  • 28. Günay Y, Altinkök M, Cagdir S, Kirangil B. Gender estimation with skull measurements. J Forensic Med 1997; 13:4-8.
  • 29. Chaurasia A, Katheriya G, Patil R. Radio-morphometric evaluation of Clivus in Indian ethinicity-A cone beam computed tomography study. Journal of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 2017; 3:35-41.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Seval Bayrak 0000-0003-0819-4578

Duygu Göller Bulut This is me 0000-0003-4260-2520

Publication Date March 22, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 29 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Bayrak, S., & Göller Bulut, D. (2019). ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, 29(2), 244-251. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950
AMA Bayrak S, Göller Bulut D. ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. March 2019;29(2):244-251. doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.482950
Chicago Bayrak, Seval, and Duygu Göller Bulut. “ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29, no. 2 (March 2019): 244-51. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950.
EndNote Bayrak S, Göller Bulut D (March 1, 2019) ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29 2 244–251.
IEEE S. Bayrak and D. Göller Bulut, “ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT”, Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 244–251, 2019, doi: 10.17567/ataunidfd.482950.
ISNAD Bayrak, Seval - Göller Bulut, Duygu. “ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 29/2 (March 2019), 244-251. https://doi.org/10.17567/ataunidfd.482950.
JAMA Bayrak S, Göller Bulut D. ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2019;29:244–251.
MLA Bayrak, Seval and Duygu Göller Bulut. “ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT”. Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 29, no. 2, 2019, pp. 244-51, doi:10.17567/ataunidfd.482950.
Vancouver Bayrak S, Göller Bulut D. ASSESSMENT OF FORAMEN MAGNUM AND CLIVUS FOR ESTIMATION OF AGE AND GENDER USING CONE-BEAM CT. Ata Diş Hek Fak Derg. 2019;29(2):244-51.

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