ABD Ticaret Politikasındaki Değişim: Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi Açıklama Kapasitesine Sahip mi?

Year 2019, Volume: 33 Issue: 4, 1345 - 1366, 25.10.2019

Gülşen Aydın

Abstract

Bu makale 19. Yüzyıldan bugüne Amerika
Birleşik Devletleri (ABD)’nin dış ticaret politikasına odaklanmaktadır.
Çalışmanın amacı zaman içinde ABD’nin dış ticaret politikalarının neden
değiştiğini açıklamak ve Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi’nin bu değişimi açıklama
kapasitesini test etmektir. Makale ilk olarak Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi’nin
hegemonların uluslararası ticaret politikası ile ilgili temel görüşlerini ele
alacaktır. Teorinin bir hegemonun hegemonyasının değişik dönemlerinde ticaret
politikaları ile ilgili tartıştıklarına değinildikten sonra, ABD hegemonyasının
değişik dönemleri incelenecektir. Trump döneminde izlenilen ticaret politikası
da özellikle irdelenecektir. Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisinin ABD’nin ticaret
politikasındaki değişimleri ne derece açıklayabildiği eleştirel olarak
değerlendirilecektir. Çalışma temel olarak, Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi’nin
ABD’nin ticaret politikasındaki değişimi bir dereceye kadar açıklayabildiğini,
bu değişiklikleri tam anlamıyla açıklayabilmek için ABD’nin iç politika
dinamiklerini incelemenin gerekli olduğu sonucuna varmaktadır.

Keywords

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD), Ticaret Politikaları, Hegemonik İstikrar Teorisi, Serbest Ticaret, Korumacılık, Trump

The Ebb and Flow in the US Trade Policy: Does The Hegemonic Stability Theory Have Explanatory Power?

Abstract

This article focuses on the trade
policy of the United States (US) from the end of the 19th century until today.
It aims to account for the ebb and flow in the trade policy of the US over time
and test the explanatory power of the Hegemonic Stability Theory (HST) to explain
this change. The study first sheds light on the main premises of the HST on the
trade policy of hegemons. After discussing what the theory says for the trade
policy of a hegemonic power in different periods of its hegemony, the study
focuses on different periods of the US hegemony. A special focus is given to
the US trade policy under Trump. A critical examination on the HST is provided
by exploring how the different arguments of the theory perform when they meet
the reality of changes in US trade policy over time. As a concluding remark,
the study argues that although the HST can account for the changes in the US
trade policy to some extent, there is the need to go beyond it and to focus on
the dynamics of the US domestic politics as well to understand the trade policy
of Washington in its fullest sense.

Keywords

The United States (US), Trade Policy, Hegemonic Stability Theory, Free Trade, Protectionism, Trump

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