Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası

0365-8104 1307-5608

Ankara University

Chest Diseases

Göğüs Hastalıkları

Tobacco Pharmacology Toxins,

Tütün Farmakolojisi Tokleri

Kaymakçalan

Şükrü

09 30 1980

33 3 497 506 07 01 1980 09 30 1980

1947

Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası

In order to fully understand the effects of tobacco on human health, it is necessary to know its pharmacology and toxicology. The pharmacological and toxic effects of tobacco depend partly on the substances present in tobacco and partly on the «pyrolysis» products formed during the combustion of a cigarette, pipe or cigar. It is accepted that there are more than 2000 chemical substances in cigarette smoke (19). In terms of pharmacology and toxicology, the most important substances found in smoke are nicotine, carbon monoxide (CO) and the substances in the particulate phase of smoke, which are the basis of tar.

Tütünün insan sağlığına olan etkilerinin iyice anlaşılabilmesi için farmakoloji Ve toksikolojisinin bilinmesi gerekir. Tütünün farmakolojik ve toksik etkileri kısmen tütünde mevcut olan maddelere, kısmen de sigara, pipo veya püronun, yanması esnasında teşekkül eden «piroliziz» ürünlerine bağlıdır, Sigara dumanında 2000'den fazla kimyasal maddenin bulunduğu kabul edilmektedir (19). Farmakoloji ve toksikoloji bakımından dumanda bulunan en önemli maddeleri nikotin, karbonmonoksid (CO) ve katranın esasım teşkil eden dumanın partikül fazındaki maddeler teşkil etmektedir.

Tobacco tobacco pharmacology toxic

Tütün tütün farmokolijisi toksik

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2. Gadek JE, Fella GA, Crystal RG : Cigarette Smoking Induces Functional Antiprotease Deficiency in the Lower Respiratory Tract of Humans, Science 206 : 1315, 1979

3. Deneau GA, Inoki R : Nicotine Self-Administration in Monkeys, Ann NY Acad Sci 142 : 177, 1967

4. Hanson HM, Ivester CA, Morton BR : Nicotine Self-Administration in Rats. In : Kras negor, N. ed. Cigarette Smoking as a Dependence Process, pp. 4-23. National Institute on Drug Abus

Research Monograh 23. DHEW Pub. No. (ADM) 79-800, Washington, D.C., 179 6. Janoff A ve ark : Cigarette Smoke Inhalation Decreases a, -Antitriypsin Activity in Rat Lung, Science 206 : 1313, 1979

7. Jarvik ME : Tolerance to the Effects of Tobacco. In : Krasnegor, N. ed Cigarette Smo• king as a Dependence Process, pp. 150-157. National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph 23. DHEW Pub. No. (ADM) 79-800. Washington, D.C., 1979

8. Jarvik ME : Biological Influences on Cigarette Smoking. In : Krasnegor, N. ed, The Behavioral Aspects of Smoking, pp. 7-45. National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph 26.

DHEW Pub. No. (ADM) 79-882, Washington, D.C., 1979

9. Jones RT, Farrel TR Ill, Herning RI : Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Tolerance. In : Krasnegor, N. ed. Self-Administration of Abused Substances : Methods for Study, pp. 202-208. National Institute on Drug Abuse Research Monograph 20. DHEW Pub. No. (ADM) 78-727. Washington, D.C. 1978

10. Karmazyn M, Manku MS, Horrobin DF : The Mechanism of Coronary Artery Sposm : Roles of Oxygen, Prostaglandins, Sex Hormones and Smoking, Medical Hypotheses 5 : 447, 1979

11. Kaÿmakçalan S, Kaymakçalan S : Sigara dumanmrn Akut Farmakolojik Tesirlerinin Tecrübe Hayvanlarrnda Tetkikine Ait özel Bir Metod, A (j TIP Fak Mec 15 : 436, 1962

12. Kaymakçalan $ ve ark : Comparison of the Cardiovascular Effect of Regular arid Fil ter-tip Cigarette Smoke, Arzneim Forsch 18 : 817, 1968

13. Kaymakçalan $ : Tütün ve Kanser (Onkoloji Yaymlarmdan), 1967 Yeni Desen Tic. Ltd., $ti. Matbaasl, Ankara

14. Kaymakçalan $ : Deney Hayvanlarmda ilaçlarm Self-Administrasyonu, A Ü TIP Fak Mec 26 : 463, 1973 $iikrii

15. Kershbaum A ve ark : Filter-Tip, and Modified Cigarettes. Nicotine Excretion, Free Fatty Acid Mobilization, and Catecholamine Excretion, J A M A 201 : 545, 1967

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17. Shiffman SM : The Tobacco Withdrawal Syndrone. In : Krasnegor, N. ed. Cigarette Smoking as a Dependence Proces, pp. 158-184. National Institute on Drug Abuse Research

Monograph 23, DHEW Pub. No. (ADM) 79-800, Washington D.C., 1979

18. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, ' Public Health Service. General of teh Public Health Service, P.H.S. Publication No. 1103, U.S. Government Printig Office, 1964

19. U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service. Smoking and Health, A Report of the Surgeon General, P.H.S. Publication No. 79-50066, U.S. Government

Printing Office, 1979

20. Volle RL, Koelle GB : Ganglionic Stimulating and Blocking Agents. In. Goodman, L.S. and Gilman, A. eds. Thc Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. Fifth Edition, 1975 Mcmillan

Publishing Co., New York, Sayfa : 569

21. Wennmalm A : Cigarette Smoking, Prostaglandins and Reactive Hyperemia, Prostaglan dings and Medicine 3 : 321, 1979

22. Yanagita T : An Experimental Framework for Evaluation of Dependence Liability of Various Types of Drugs in Monkeys, Bull Narcotics 25 : 57, 1973