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<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">0365-8104</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">1307-5608</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Ankara University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id/>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Ortodonti ve Dentofasiyal Ortopedi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Comparison of Axial Inclinations of Mandibular Incisors in Class I and Class II Division 1 Cases</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <article-title>Klas I ve Klas II Divizyon 1 Vakalarında Alt Keser Dişlerin Aksial Eğilimlerinin Karşılaştırılması</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Günay</surname>
                                    <given-names>Nurettin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ANKARA UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF DENTISTRY</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="19721031">
                    <day>10</day>
                    <month>31</month>
                    <year>1972</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>25</volume>
                                        <issue>5</issue>
                                        <fpage>991</fpage>
                                        <lpage>995</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="19720901">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>01</month>
                        <year>1972</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="19721031">
                        <day>10</day>
                        <month>31</month>
                        <year>1972</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1947, Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1947</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Ankara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Mecmuası</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>In orthodontics, one of the most important factors in achieving facial harmony and treatment planning is the relationship of the mandibular incisors to their apical bases. The primary factors affecting the placement of mandibular incisors on their apical bases are tongue and lip muscle forces (3,8). Before eruption, teeth are under the influence of the surrounding bone tissue within the jawbone. However, after eruption, they are subject to the influence of a variety of factors, primarily tongue, lip, and cheek muscle forces. The tooth crown is most affected by these forces, and this influence decreases as it moves toward the apex. These forces determine the position of the teeth on the apical bases and their axial inclination (3). It is believed that the forces acting on the mandibular incisors will also differ in Class I and Class II Division 1 cases, where the soft tissue structure differs (3). Our research was conducted to clarify this idea.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <abstract><p>Ortodontide yüz ahenginin sağlanmasında ve tedavi plânlamasında, önemli olan etkenlerden biri alt keser dişlerin bazis apikalisleriyle olan ilişkisidir. Alt keser dişlerin bazis apikalisleri üzerindeki yerleşme durumunu etkileyen faktörlerin başında dil ve dudak kas kuvvetleri gelir (3,8). Sürmeden önce dişler, çene kemikleri içersinde çevrelerindeki kemik dokusunun etkisi altında bulunurlar. Oysa sürdükten sonra çok değişik etkenlerin tesirine maruz kalırlar ki bunların başında dil, dudak ve yanak kas kuvvetleri gelir. Bu kuvvetlerden en çok diş kronu etkilenir ve bu etki apekse doğru gittikçe azalır. Dişlerin bazis apikalisler üzerindeki durumlarını ve aksial eğimlerini tayin eden kuvvetler bunlardır (3). Yumuşak doku şeklinin birbirinden farklı olduğu Klas I ve Klas II Divizyon 1 vak&#039;alarında alt keser dişlere etkiyen kuvvetlerin de farklı olacağı kanaati mevcuttur (3). Araştırmamız bu düşünceyi aydınlığa kavuşturmak gayesiyle yapılmıştır.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Yüz Estetiği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Alt keser dişler</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Aksiyal eğilim</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                                                                                                    </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">1 — DANDY, H. E. and HUNTER, W. S. : Tongue Volume and the Mandihular Dentitlon, Am, J. Orthodont., 56 : 2, 134-142, 1969.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">2 — BEAZLEY, W. W.: Assessment of Mandibular Arch Length Discrepancy Utilizing an Individual Arch Form, Angle Orthodont., 41 : 1, 45-54, 1971.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">3 — BRODIE, A, G.: The Aplcal Base : Zone of Interactlon Between the Intestinal and Skeletal Systems, Angle Orthodont., 36 : 2, 136.151, 1960.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">4 — DOWNS, W. B. : Variations in Facial Relationship: their Significance in Treatment and Prognosis, Am. J. Orthodont., 34 : 812-840, 1948,</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">5 — GÜNAY, N. : Klas I ve Klas II Divizyon 1 Vak&#039;alarında «Ark Boyu sapması» nın Karşılaştırılması, (Neşriyatta).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">6 — RICHMOND, S. B. : Statistical Analysis, New York, Roland Press Comp,, 2 nd Edition, 623 p., 1964</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">7 — STELNER, C. C. : Cephalometrics for You and Me, Am, J. Orthodont., 39 : 10, 729-755, 1958.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">8 — TOMES,C. : The Bearing of the Development of the Jawson Irregularlties, Dantal Cosmos, 15 : 292-296, 1873. «As guoted» JACOBS, R. M., Muscle Egullibrium: Fact or Fancy, Angle Orthodont., 39 : 1, 
11-12, 1969.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">9 — TWEED, C. H. : Clinical Orthodontics, Saint Louis, Mosby, Vol, I, 946 p., 1986.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
