<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="other"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>ankara univ vet fak derg</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1300-0861</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">1308-2817</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Ankara University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1501/Vetfak_0000002841</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Veterinary Surgery</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Veteriner Cerrahi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Investigation of udder health and milk quality parameters of dairy  farms in Northern Cyprus.  Part I: SCC and bacteriologic examination</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Kuzey Kıbrıs’taki sütçü işletmelerde meme sağlığı ve süt kalitesi parametrelerinin araştırılması.Bölüm I: SHS ve bakteriyolojik muayene</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Darbaz</surname>
                                    <given-names>İsfandiyar</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Baştan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ayhan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Salar</surname>
                                    <given-names>Seçkin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20180601">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>01</month>
                    <year>2018</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>65</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>145</fpage>
                                        <lpage>154</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20180601">
                        <day>06</day>
                        <month>01</month>
                        <year>2018</year>
                    </date>
                                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 1954, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>1954</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>The aim of this study was to determine herd udder health and milk quality status of all 138 dairy farms in Northern Cyprus. For this purpose, somatic cell counts were measured, and bacteriological isolations were performed monthly for one year in bulk tank milk belonging to 138 dairy farms. The median value of bulk tank milk somatic cell counts was calculated as 521.583 cells/ml (&amp;gt;400.000 cells/ml). After bacteriological isolation and identification, Coagulase Negative Staphylococci from 22.73%; Bacillus spp. from 18.68%; S. aureus from 16.55%; S. dysgalactiae from 11.53%; S. uberis from 8.14%; S. agalactiae from 7.62%; E. coli from 7.44%; Micrococcus spp. from 1.81%; Pseudomonas spp. from 1.49%; Enterobacteriaceae spp. from 0.90%; Proteus spp. from 0.85%; Aeromonas spp. from 0.58%; Yeast from 0.53%; Pasteurella spp. from 0.47%, Alcaligenes spp. from 0.41%; and Corynebacterium spp. from 0.29% of the samples were isolated. In conclusion, it was therefore determined that there are important health problems in the dairy farms of Northern Cyprus in terms of udder health</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Bu çalışmanın amacı Kuzey Kıbrıs’taki sütçü inek işletmelerinin sürü meme sağlığı ve süt kalitesi durumunu ortaya koymaktı. Bu amaçla 138 işletmeye ait tank sütünden bir yıl süreyle, ayda bir kez somatik hücre sayımı ve bakteriyolojik izolasyon yapıldı. Ortalama tank sütü somatik hücre sayısı medyan değeri 521.583 hücre/ml (&amp;gt;400.000 hücre/ml) olarak tespit edildi. Bakteriyolojik izolasyon ve identifikasyon sonucunda örneklerin %22.73’ünden koagulaz negatif stafilokoklar, %18.68 Bacillus spp., %16.55’inden S. aureus, %11.53’ünden S. dysgalactiae, %8.14’ünden S. uberis, %7.62’sinden S. agalactiae, %7.44’ünden E. coli, %1,81’inden Micrococcus spp., %1.49’undan Pseudomonas spp., %0.90’ından Enterobacteriaceae spp., %0.85’inden Proteus spp., %0.58’inden Aeromonas spp., %0.53’ünden Mayalar, %0.47’sinden Pasteurella spp., %0.41’inden Alcaligenes spp. ve %0.29’undan Corynebacterium spp. bakteriler izole edildi. Sonuç olarak, Kuzey Kıbrıs’taki sütçü inek işletmelerinde meme sağlığı yönünden önemli problemler olduğu tespit edildi</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Bacteriological examination</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   dairy farm</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Northern Cyprus</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   somatic cell count</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   udder health</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Bakteriyolojik muayene</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   Kuzey Kıbrıs</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   meme sağlığı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   somatik hücre sayısı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>   sütçü işletme</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Blowey RW, Edmondson P (1995): Mastitis Control in Dairy Herds. Farming Press, UK.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bouman M, Bianco R, Gianneechini E, et al. (2005): Mastitis Control in Uruguay: Strengths and Weaknesses. 703-708. In: H Hogeveen (Ed), Mastitis in Dairy Production: Current Knowledge and Future Solutions. 2nd ed, Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Costello M, Rhee MS, Bates MP, et al. (2003): Eleven- year trends of microbiological quality in bulk tank milk. Food Prot Trends, 23, 393-400.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Davidson TJ, Dohoo IR, Donald A, et al. (1992): A cohort study of coagulase negative staphylococcal mastitis in selected dairy herds in Prince Edward Island. Can J Vet Res, 56, 275-280.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dingwell R, Leslie K, Schukken Y, et al. (2004): Association of cow and quarter-level factors at drying-off with new intramammary infections during the dry period. Prev Vet Med, 63, 75-89.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ellis KA, Innocent GT, Mihm M, et al. (2007): Dairy cow cleanliness and milk quality on organic and conventional farms in the UK. J Dairy Res, 74, 302-310.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Elmoslemany A, Keefe G, Dohoo I, et al. (2009): Microbiological quality of bulk tank raw milk in Prince Edward Island dairy herds. J Dairy Sci, 92, 4239-4248.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Fadlelmoula A, Fahr R, Anacker G, et al. (2007): The effect of management factors on somatic-cell counts and specific mastitis causing pathogens in large scale dairy units. Res J Anim Vet Sci, 2, 24-27.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Haltia L, Honkanen-Buzalski T, Spiridonova I, et al. (2006): A study of bovine mastitis, milking procedures and management practices on 25 Estonian dairy herds. Acta Vet Scand, 48, 22-27.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Harmon RJ, Eberhart RJ, Jasper DE, et al. (1990): Microbiological Procedures for the Diagnosis of Bovine Udder Infection. National Mastitis Council, Arlington, VA.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Holm C, Jepsen L, Larsen M, et al. (2004): Predominant microflora of downgraded Danish bulk tank milk. J Dairy Sci, 87, 1151-1157.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Howard P (2006): Mastitis pathogens present in bulk tank milk from seven dairy herds in the Waikato region, New Zealand. N Z Vet J, 54, 41-43.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jayarao B, Pillai S, Sawant A, et al. (2004): Guidelines for monitoring bulk tank milk somatic cell and bacterial counts. J Dairy Sci, 87, 3561-3573.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jayarao BM, Wolfgang DR (2003): Bulk-tank milk analysis: A useful tool for improving milk quality and herd udder health. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 19, 75-92.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kelly P, O’Sullivan K, Meaney W, et al. (2008): Relationship between somatic cell count and bacteria plate counts. In: Mastitis Control: From Science to Practice: Proceedings of International Conference, Wageningen Academic Pub, The Hague, The Netherlands.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Leitner G, Shoshani E, Krifucks O, et al. (2000): Milk leucocyte population patterns in bovine udder infection of different aetiology. J Vet Med B, 47, 581-589.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Makovec J, Ruegg P (2003): Results of milk samples submitted for microbiological examination in Wisconsin from 1994 to 2001. J Dairy Sci, 86, 3466-3472.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Miranda-Morales RE, Rojas-Trejo V, Segura-Candelas R, et al. (2008): Prevalence of pathogens associated with bovine mastitis in bulk tank milk in Mexico. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1149, 300-302.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Norman H, Miller R, Wright J, et al. (2000): Herd and state means for somatic cell count from dairy herd improvement. J Dairy Sci, 83, 2782-2788.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Østerås O, Sİlverİd L (2005): Mastitis control systems: The Norwegian experience. 91-101. In: H Hogeveen (Ed), Mastitis in Dairy Production: Current Knowledge and Future Solutions. 2nd ed, Wageningen Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pantoja J, Reinemann D, Ruegg P (2009): Associations among milk quality indicators in raw bulk milk. J Dairy Sci, 92, 4978-4987.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Philpot W, Nickerson S (2000): Winning the Fight Against Mastitis. Westfalia-Surge, USA.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pitkälä A, Haveri M, Pyörälä S, et al. (2004): Bovine mastitis in Finland 2001-prevalence, distribution of bacteria, and antimicrobial resistance. J Dairy Sci, 87, 2433-2441.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Poelarends J, Hogeveen H, Sampimon O, et al. (2001): Monitoring subclinical mastitis in Dutch dairy herds. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Symposium on Mastitis and Milk Quality, Vancouver BC, Canada.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Reksen O, Sİlverİd L, Østerås O (2007): Relationships between milk culture results and milk yield in Norwegian dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 90, 4670-4678.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Reneau JK, Seykora AJ, Heins BJ, et al. (2005): Association between hygiene scores and somatic cell scores in dairy cattle. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 227, 1297-1301.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Riekerink R, Barkema HW, Veenstra S, et al. (2006): Prevalence of contagious mastitis pathogens in bulk tank milk in Prince Edward Island. Can Vet J, 47, 567.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Roberson J, Mixon J, Oliver S, et al. (2006): Etiologic agents associated with high SCC dairy herds. In: Proceedings of the 24th World Buiatrics Congress, Nice, France.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ruegg PL (2001): Milk secretion and quality standards [Online]. content/uploads/2011/09/milk-secretion-and-quality- standards.pdf 2015].</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">http://milkquality.wisc.edu/wp</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rysanek D, Babak V (2005): Bulk tank milk somatic cell count as an indicator of the hygiene status of primary milk production. J Dairy Res, 72, 400-405.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Rysanek D, Zouharova M, Babak V (2009): Monitoring major mastitis pathogens at the population level based on examination of bulk tank milk samples. J Dairy Res, 76, 117- 123.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sampimon O, Riekerink RO, Lam T (2008): Prevalence of subclinical mastitis pathogens and adoption of udder health management practices on Dutch dairy farms: Preliminary results. 39-46. In: Proceedings of Mastitis Control from Science to Practice, The Hague, The Netherlands.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Schukken YH, Wilson DJ, Welcome F, et al. (2003): Monitoring udder health and milk quality using somatic cell counts. Vet Res, 34, 579-596.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Skrzypek R, Wojtowski J, Fahr RD (2004): Factors affecting somatic cell count in cow bulk tank milk–a case study from Poland. J Vet Med A, 51, 127-131.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Smith K, Hillerton J, Harmon R (2001): Guidelines on normal and abnormal raw milk based on somatic cell counts and signs of clinical mastitis. Online at: http://www. nmconline. org/docs/abnmilk. htm (accessed May 2003).</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Stulova I, Adamberg S, Kriščiunaite T, et al. (2010): Microbiological quality of raw milk produced in Estonia. Lett Appl Microbiol, 51, 683-690.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Suriyasathaporn W, Vinitketkumnuen U, Chewonarin T (2010): Relationships among malondialdehyde, milk compositions, and somatic cell count in milk from bulk tank. Sonklanakarin J Sci Technol, 32, 23.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Taponen S, Pyörälä S (2009): Coagulase-negative staphylococci as cause of bovine mastitis-Not so different from Staphylococcus aureus? Vet Microbiol, 134, 29-36.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tenhagen B-A, Köster G, Wallmann J, et al. (2006): Prevalence of mastitis pathogens and their resistance against antimicrobial agents in dairy cows in Brandenburg, Germany. J Dairy Sci, 89, 2542-2551.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Valde J, Hird D, Thurmond M, et al. (1996): Comparison of ketosis, clinical mastitis, somatic cell count, and reproductive performance between free stall and tie stall barns in Norwegian dairy herds with automatic feeding. Acta Vet Scand, 38, 181-192.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Van Schaik G, Green L, Guzman D, et al. (2005): Risk factors for bulk milk somatic cell counts and total bacterial counts in smallholder dairy farms in the 10th region of Chile. Prev Vet Med, 67, 1-17.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wickström E, Persson-Waller K, Lindmark-Månsson H, et al. (2009): Relationship between somatic cell count, polymorphonuclear leucocyte count and quality parameters in bovine bulk tank milk. J Dairy Res, 76, 195-201.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
