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Bazı Yabancı Fındık Çeşitlerinin Ordu Ekolojisinde Verim ve Kalite Performanslarının Araştırılması (1. Verim Yılı)

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: Özel Sayı, 53 - 58, 29.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1377483

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma İtalya ve İspanya’dan introdüksiyon amacı ile getirilip dikilen çeşitlerin Ordu ekolojisinde gelişme ve verim performanslarını belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür.
Materyal ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmanın materyallerini Negret, ‘Castanyera’, ‘Segorbe’, ‘Tonda di Giffoni’, ‘Tonda Gentile Romana’ ve ‘Nocchione’ fındık çeşitleri oluşturmaktadır. Çeşitler tek gövdeli olarak 3x6 m mesafe ile 3 tekerrürlü dikilmiştir. 2023 yılında ilk hasat yapılmıştır. Meyve özellikleri olarak kabuk kalınlığı, kabuklu meyve ve iç ağırlığı, meyve ve iç boyutları, iç oranı, göbek boşluğu incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bitki başına verim, çotanakta meyve sayısı ve çotanak sayıları da belirlenmiştir.
Araştırma Bulguları: Çeşitlerin ortalama çotanaktaki meyve sayıları 1.93 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çeşitlerin ortalama meyve kabuk kalınlıkları 1.49 mm iken en ince kabuklu çeşit 1.33 mm ile TGR olmuştur. Çeşitlerin ortalama meyve ağırlığı 3.02 g olup en ağır meyveli çeşit 3.89 g ile ‘Castanyera’ olmuştur. ‘Segorbe’ çeşidi 439 g/bitki ile en yüksek verim değerine sahip olurken bunu 259 g/bitki ile Negret izlemiştir. Yine çeşitlerin ortalama meyve şekil indeksi ise 1.09 olarak hesaplanmıştır.
Sonuç: Ordu ekolojisinde yetiştirilen bazı yabancı kökenli fındık çeşitlerinin introdüksiyonuna yönelik olarak başlatılan bu çalışma İspanya çeşitleri olan Negret, ‘Castanyera’ ve ‘Segorbe’ ile İtalya çeşitleri olan ‘Tonda di Giffoni’, ‘Tonda Gentile Romana’ ve ‘Nocchione’ fındık çeşitlerine yönelik Türkiye’de yapılan ilk adaptasyon çalışmasıdır. Elde edilen sonuçlar benzer çalışmalara da ışık tutacak mahiyettedir. Verim, meyve özellikleri ve diğer özelliklere ait verilerin tam verim çağına kadar alınmaya devam ettirilmesi önem taşımaktadır.

References

  • Alasalvar, C., Karamac, M., Amarowicz, R., & Shahidi, F., (2006). Antioxidant and´ antiradical activities in extracts of hazelnut kernel (Corylus avellana L.) and hazelnut green leafy cover. J Agric Food Chem, 54, 4826–4832
  • Aziz, A., Rab, A., Jan, I., & Sajid, M. (2007). Evaluation of hazelnut varieties under the climatic conditions of Kalam, Swat. Am.-Eur. J. Sust. Agric, 1(1), 42-44.
  • Cristofori, V., Ferramondo, S., Bertazza, G. & Bignami, C. (2008). Nut and kernel traits and chemical composition of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88(6), 1091-1098.
  • Farinelli, D., Tombesi, A., Boco, M., & Trappoloni, C. S. (2001). Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) kernel quality during maturity in central Italy. Acta Horticulturae, 556(556), 553-558.
  • Fattahi, R., Mohammadzedeh, M., & Khadivi-Khub, A. (2014). Influence of different pollen sources on nut and kernel characteristics of hazelnut. Scientia Horticulturae, 173, 15-19.
  • Grau, P., & Bastias, R. (2005). Productivity and yield efficiency of Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars in Chile. Acta Hort, 686, 57–64.
  • INC, (2020). World consumption and production trends. Hazelnut. International Tree Nut and Dried Fruit Council Foundation. Cracker, 2, 63–67.
  • İslam, A. (2003). Clonal selection in ‘Uzunmusa’ hazelnut. Plant Breeding, 122(4), 368-371.
  • İslam, A. (2018). Hazelnut culture in Turkey. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 7(2), 259-266.
  • İslam, A. (2019). Fındık ıslahında gelişmeler. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 8(Özel Sayı), 167-174.
  • İslam, A., (2021). Fındık. Nobel yayınları, Yayın no: 3893, ISBN: 978-625-417-388-2, Ankara.
  • İslam, A., Turan, A., Sonkaya, M., & Dizdar, A. (2021). Küresel İklim Değişikliğinin Fındık Tarımı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Altınordu Örneği. 4. Uluslararası Üni-Dokap Sempozyumu, Bildiriler Kitabı, 66-81.
  • Mehlenbacher, S.A., Smith, D.C., & Brenner, L. K. (1993). Variance components and heritability of nut and kernel defects in hazelnut. Plant Breed. 110, 144–152. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb01226.x MGM, 2023. İklim verileri www.mgm.gov.tr (Erişim tarihi: 01/09/2023)
  • Molnar, T. J., & Capik, J. (2010, August). Advances in hazelnut research in North America. In XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on the 940 (pp. 57-65).
  • Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Morais, J.S., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., & Pereira, J.A. (2008). Chemical composition, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars. Food Chem Toxicol, 46, 1801–1807
  • Petriccione, M., Ciarmiello, L.F., Boccacci, P., De Luca, A., & Piccirillo, P. (2010). Evaluation of ‘Tonda di Giffoni’ hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) clones. Scientia horticulturae, 124(2), 153-158.
  • Rovira, M., Hermoso, J. F., Rufat, J., Cristofori, V., Silvestri, C., & Romero, A. (2022). Agronomical and physiological behavior of spanish hazelnut selection ‘Negret-N9’ grafted on non-suckering rootstocks. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 813902.
  • Silvestri, C., Bacchetta, L., Bellincontro, A., & Cristofori, V. (2021). Advances in cultivar choice, hazelnut orchard management, and nut storage to enhance product quality and safety: An overview. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 101(1), 27-43.
  • Turan, A. (2022). Clonal selection of ‘Mincane’ hazelnut cv: physical properties. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 1081-1097.

Nut Quality and Yield Performances of Some Foreign Hazelnut Varieties in Ordu Ecology (1st Yield Results)

Year 2023, Volume: 12 Issue: Özel Sayı, 53 - 58, 29.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1377483

Abstract

Objective: This study was carried out to determine the nut quality and yield performances of the foreign varieties brought from Italy and Spain for introduction purposes in Ordu ecology.
Materials and Methods: The materials of this study consist of ‘Negret’, ‘Castanyera’, ‘Segorbe’, ‘Tonda di Giffoni’, ‘Tonda Gentile Romana’ and ‘Nocchione’ hazelnut varieties. The varieties were planted in 2021 as a single trunk, with a distance of 3x6 m, in 3 repetitions. The first harvest was made in 2023. As for fruit characteristics, shell thickness, shelled fruit and kernel weight, nut and kernel dimensions, internal ratio, and core cavity were examined. In addition, the yield per plant, the nut number per cluster and the number of clusters were also recorded.
Results: The average nut number per cluster of the varieties was determined as 1.93. While the average shell thickness of the varieties was 1.49 mm, thinner shell was TGR with 1.33 mm. The average nut weight of the varieties was 3.02 g, and the heaviest nut variety was ‘Castanyera’ with 3.89 g. ‘Segorbe’ variety had the highest yield value with 439 g/plant, followed by ‘Negret’ with 259 g/plant. Again, the average nut shape index of the varieties was calculated as 1.09.
Conclusion: The initiated study for the adaptation of some foreign hazelnut varieties grown in Ordu ecology is the first adaptation study in Türkiye for some Spanish and Italian hazelnut varieties. The results obtained will shed light on similar studies. It is important to continue the data on yield, nut characteristics and other characteristics until the full production age.

References

  • Alasalvar, C., Karamac, M., Amarowicz, R., & Shahidi, F., (2006). Antioxidant and´ antiradical activities in extracts of hazelnut kernel (Corylus avellana L.) and hazelnut green leafy cover. J Agric Food Chem, 54, 4826–4832
  • Aziz, A., Rab, A., Jan, I., & Sajid, M. (2007). Evaluation of hazelnut varieties under the climatic conditions of Kalam, Swat. Am.-Eur. J. Sust. Agric, 1(1), 42-44.
  • Cristofori, V., Ferramondo, S., Bertazza, G. & Bignami, C. (2008). Nut and kernel traits and chemical composition of hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 88(6), 1091-1098.
  • Farinelli, D., Tombesi, A., Boco, M., & Trappoloni, C. S. (2001). Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) kernel quality during maturity in central Italy. Acta Horticulturae, 556(556), 553-558.
  • Fattahi, R., Mohammadzedeh, M., & Khadivi-Khub, A. (2014). Influence of different pollen sources on nut and kernel characteristics of hazelnut. Scientia Horticulturae, 173, 15-19.
  • Grau, P., & Bastias, R. (2005). Productivity and yield efficiency of Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars in Chile. Acta Hort, 686, 57–64.
  • INC, (2020). World consumption and production trends. Hazelnut. International Tree Nut and Dried Fruit Council Foundation. Cracker, 2, 63–67.
  • İslam, A. (2003). Clonal selection in ‘Uzunmusa’ hazelnut. Plant Breeding, 122(4), 368-371.
  • İslam, A. (2018). Hazelnut culture in Turkey. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 7(2), 259-266.
  • İslam, A. (2019). Fındık ıslahında gelişmeler. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 8(Özel Sayı), 167-174.
  • İslam, A., (2021). Fındık. Nobel yayınları, Yayın no: 3893, ISBN: 978-625-417-388-2, Ankara.
  • İslam, A., Turan, A., Sonkaya, M., & Dizdar, A. (2021). Küresel İklim Değişikliğinin Fındık Tarımı Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Altınordu Örneği. 4. Uluslararası Üni-Dokap Sempozyumu, Bildiriler Kitabı, 66-81.
  • Mehlenbacher, S.A., Smith, D.C., & Brenner, L. K. (1993). Variance components and heritability of nut and kernel defects in hazelnut. Plant Breed. 110, 144–152. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0523.1993.tb01226.x MGM, 2023. İklim verileri www.mgm.gov.tr (Erişim tarihi: 01/09/2023)
  • Molnar, T. J., & Capik, J. (2010, August). Advances in hazelnut research in North America. In XXVIII International Horticultural Congress on Science and Horticulture for People (IHC2010): International Symposium on the 940 (pp. 57-65).
  • Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Morais, J.S., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., & Pereira, J.A. (2008). Chemical composition, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of three hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars. Food Chem Toxicol, 46, 1801–1807
  • Petriccione, M., Ciarmiello, L.F., Boccacci, P., De Luca, A., & Piccirillo, P. (2010). Evaluation of ‘Tonda di Giffoni’ hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) clones. Scientia horticulturae, 124(2), 153-158.
  • Rovira, M., Hermoso, J. F., Rufat, J., Cristofori, V., Silvestri, C., & Romero, A. (2022). Agronomical and physiological behavior of spanish hazelnut selection ‘Negret-N9’ grafted on non-suckering rootstocks. Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, 813902.
  • Silvestri, C., Bacchetta, L., Bellincontro, A., & Cristofori, V. (2021). Advances in cultivar choice, hazelnut orchard management, and nut storage to enhance product quality and safety: An overview. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 101(1), 27-43.
  • Turan, A. (2022). Clonal selection of ‘Mincane’ hazelnut cv: physical properties. Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(2), 1081-1097.
There are 19 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Pomology and Treatment
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Ali İslam 0000-0002-2165-7111

Selim Karagöl 0000-0002-8918-3207

Valerio Crıstoforı 0000-0003-3258-9254

Mercè Rovıra 0000-0002-0540-3752

Publication Date October 29, 2023
Submission Date October 17, 2023
Acceptance Date October 24, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 12 Issue: Özel Sayı

Cite

APA İslam, A., Karagöl, S., Crıstoforı, V., Rovıra, M. (2023). Bazı Yabancı Fındık Çeşitlerinin Ordu Ekolojisinde Verim ve Kalite Performanslarının Araştırılması (1. Verim Yılı). Akademik Ziraat Dergisi, 12(Özel Sayı), 53-58. https://doi.org/10.29278/azd.1377483