<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                                                <journal-id>baun health sci j</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2146-9601</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2147-2238</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Balıkesir University</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53424/balikesirsbd.1078732</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Health Care Administration</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Dental Kaygı ve Ağız Hijyeni Farkındalığı Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="en">
                                    <trans-title>Determination of the Relationship Between Dental Anxiety and Oral Hygiene Awareness</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-8532</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Üçüncü</surname>
                                    <given-names>Musa Kazım</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Biruni Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Restoratif Diş Tedavisi Anabilim Dalı</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1357-6933</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Özel Yıldız</surname>
                                    <given-names>Sevda</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>İstanbul Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Biyoistatistik Anabilim Dalı</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3613-3425</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ulukapı</surname>
                                    <given-names>Haşmet</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>İstanbul Okan Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Restoratif Diş Tedavisi Anabilim Dalı</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20230623">
                    <day>06</day>
                    <month>23</month>
                    <year>2023</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>12</volume>
                                        <issue>2</issue>
                                        <fpage>227</fpage>
                                        <lpage>237</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20220225">
                        <day>02</day>
                        <month>25</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20220601">
                        <day>06</day>
                        <month>01</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2012, Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2012</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Balıkesir Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, dental kaygı düzeyinin, oral hijyen ve ağız diş sağlığı farkındalığı arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma İstanbul Okan Üniversitesi çalışanları ve öğrencileri kapsamında toplam 431 katılımcı ile gerçekleştirildi. Hazırlanan anket formu internet üzerinden katılımcılara gönderilerek anket formlarının doldurulması istendi. Anket formunun ilk kısmı yaş, cinsiyet, diş hekimine gitme sıklığı, diş fırçalama sıklığı, yardımcı enstrüman kullanımı gibi sosyodemografik bulguları ve oral hijyen farkındalığını ortaya koyan sorular içermektedir. İkinci kısım ise Modifiye Dental Anksiyete Skalası’nı (MDAS) içermekte ve katılımcıların dental kaygı seviyelerini ölçmektedir.Bulgular: “Cut off” değeri ≥19 baz alındığında 431 katılımcının %6.7’sinin (n=29) yüksek dental kaygı düzeyine sahip olduğu görüldü. Kadınlar (11.35±4.49), erkeklere (10.43±4.12) göre daha yüksek dental kaygıya sahip ve cinsiyete göre MDAS düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık bulunurken (p=0.046); eğitim seviyelerine (p=0.680) göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı. Arayüz fırçası kullanan ile kullanmayan katılımcıların dental kaygı düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılığa rastlanırken (p=0.028); diş hekimine gitme sıklığına göre dental kaygı seviyeleri arasında istatistiksel açıdan yüksek derecede anlamlılık tespit edildi (p</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
                            <p>Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental &amp; oral hygiene and oral health awareness.Methods: A total of 431 subjects were included in the study. The questionnaire was sent to the subjects over the internet and asked to fill out the questionnaire forms. The first part of the questionnaire included questions about sociodemographic findings such as age, gender, frequency of dental visits, frequency of brushing, use of extra dental instruments and awareness of oral hygiene. The second part includes the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and measures subjects&#039; dental anxiety levels.Results: Based on the “cut off” value of ≥19, 6.7% (n=29) of the 431 participants were found to have high dental anxiety levels. While females (11.35±4.49) had higher dental anxiety than males (10.43±4.12) and there was a statistically significant difference between MDAS levels by gender (p=0.046); No statistically significant difference was found according to education levels (p=0.680). While there was a statistically significant difference between the dental anxiety levels of the participants who use interface brushes and those who do not (p=0.028); A statistically high degree of significance was found between dental anxiety levels according to the frequency of going to the dentist (p</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Dental Kaygı</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Dental Sağlık</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Flor</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  MDAS</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
                                                    <kwd>Dental Anxiety</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Dental Health</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Fluor</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  MDAS</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Abrahamsson, K. H., Berggren, U., Hakeberg, M., Carlsson, S. G. (2003). The importance of dental beliefs for the outcome of dental-fear treatment. Eur J Oral Sci, 111: 99-105.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Al-Omari, W. M., Al-Omiri, M. K. (2009). Dental anxiety among university students an its correlation with their field of study. J Appl Oral Sci, 17(3): 199-203.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Appukuttan, D., Subramanian, S., Tadepalli, A., Damodaran, L. K. (2015). Dental anxiety among adults: an epidemiological study in south india. N Am J Med Sci, 7:13–8.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Armfield, J. M., Slade, G. D., Spencer, A. J. (2009). Dental fear and adult oral health in Australia. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 37(3): 220–230.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bergdahl, M., &amp; Bergdahl, J. (2003). Temperament and character personality dimensions in patients with dental anxiety. Eur J Oral Sci, 111: 93-98.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Berggren, U., &amp; Meynert, G. (1984). Dental fear and avoidance: causes, symptoms, and consequences. J Am Dent Assoc, 109(2): 247–251.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Bodrumlu, E., Pınar Sümer, A., Sümer, M., Köprülü, H. (2006). Ondokuz mayıs üniversitesi dişhekimliği fakültesine başvuran bireylerde dental korkunun değerlendirilmesi. Hacettepe Diş Hek Fak Derg, 30(1): 51-56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Choo, A., Delac, D. M., Messer, L. B. (2001). Oral hygiene measures and promotion: review and considerations. Aust Dent J, 46(3): 166-173.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Corah, N. L. (1969). Development of a dental anxiety scale. J Dent Res, 48: 596.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Cohen, M. E. (1985). Dental anxiety and DMFS status: association within a US naval population versus differences between groups. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 13: 75–8.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Çağırankaya, L. B., &amp; Kansu, Ö. (2005). Dişhekimliği öğrencilerinde dental anksiyetenin sebep ve sonuçları. Hacettepe Diş Hek Fak Derg. 29: 8-11.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dikmen, B., Saral, I., Ucuncu, M. K., Yıldız, E., Özel Yıldız, S. (2022). The relationship between prevalence of dental anxiety and dental caries: cross-sectional study. Braz Dent Sci, 25(1): e2598.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dil, S., &amp; Bulantekin, Ö. (2011). Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde akademik başarı düzeyi ile aile işlevselliği ve kontrol odağı arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi. J Psy Nurs,  2(1): 17-24.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Doğaner, Y. Ç., Aydoğan, Ü., Üçler Yeşil, H., Sarı, O., Koç, B. (2015). Genç bireylerde dental anksiyete ve ilişkili faktörler. Gülhane Tıp Derg, 57: 160-164.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dou, L., Vanschaayk, M. M., Zhang, Y., Fu, X., Ji, P., Yang, D. (2018). The prevalence of dental anxiety and its association with pain and other variables among adult patients with irreversible pulpitis. BMC Oral Health, 18(1): 101.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Drachev, S. N., Brenn, T., Trovik, T. A. (2018). Prevalence of and factors associated with dental anxiety among medical and dental students of the northern state medical university, arkhangelsk, north-west russia. Int J Circumpolar Health, 77: 1454786.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Erten, H., Akarslan, Z. Z., Bodrumlu, E. (2006). Dental fear and axiety levels of patients attending a dental clinic. Quintessence Int, 37: 304-310.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Firat, D., Tunc, E. P., Sar, V. (2006). Dental anxiety among adults in turkey. J Contemp Dent Pract, 7: 75-82.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Frazer, M., &amp; Hampson, S. (1988). Some personality factors related to dental anxiety and fear of pain. Br Dent J, 165(12): 436-9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref20">
                        <label>20</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gale, E., &amp; Ayer, W. (1969). Treatment of dental phobias. J Am Dent Assoc, 78: 1304–7.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref21">
                        <label>21</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gibson, S., &amp; Williams, S. (1999). Dental caries in pre–school children:associations with social class, toothbrushing habit and consumption of sugars and sugar–containing foods. Caries Res, 33(2): 101-113.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref22">
                        <label>22</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Guivarc’h, M., Saliba-Serre, B., Jacquot, B., Le Coz, P., Bukiet, F. (2017). Dental students&#039; attitudes towards management of pain and anxiety during a dental emergency: educational issues. Int Dent J, 67(6):384-390.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref23">
                        <label>23</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Gunjal, S., Pateel, D. G., Parkar, S. (2017). Dental anxiety among medical and paramedical undergraduate students of malaysia. Int J Dent, 2017: 4762576.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref24">
                        <label>24</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Güngör, K., Tüter, G., Bal, B. (1999). Eğitim düzeyi ile ağız sağlığı arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi. GÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg, 16: 15-20.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref25">
                        <label>25</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hagqvist, O., Tolvanen, M., Rantavuori, K., Karlsson, L., Karlsson, H., Lahti, S. (2018). Short-term longitudinal changes in adult dental fear. Eur J Oral Sci, 126(4): 1–7.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref26">
                        <label>26</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Halonen, H., Salo, T., Hakko, H., Räsänen, P. (2014). The association between dental anxiety, general clinical anxiety and depression among finnish university students. Oral Health Dent Manag, 13:320–5.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref27">
                        <label>27</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Holtzman, J. M., Berg, R. G., Mann, J., Berkey, D. B. (1997). The relationship of age and gender to fear and anxiety in response to dental care. Spec Care Dentist, 17(3): 82-87.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref28">
                        <label>28</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Humphris, G. M., Freeman, R., Campbell, J., Tuutti, H., D&#039;Souza, V. (2000). Further evidence for the reliability and validity of the modified dental anxiety scale. Int Dent J, 50(6): 367-70.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref29">
                        <label>29</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ilguy, D.,  Ilguy, M., Dincer, S., Bayirli, G. (2005). Reliability and validity of the modified dental anxiety scale in turkish patients.  J Int Med Res, 33(2): 252–259.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref30">
                        <label>30</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jackson, M. A., Kellett, M., Worthington, H. V., Clerehugh, V. (2006). Comparison of interdental cleaning methods: a randomized controlled trial. J Periodontol, 77: 1421-29.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref31">
                        <label>31</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jankovic, S. M., Aleksić, D., Bahtijari, Z., Jelić, A., Klacar, J., Kovacević, A. (2014). Risk factors for severe dental anxiety among medical students. Vojnosanit Pregl, 71: 16-21.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref32">
                        <label>32</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kallestal, C., &amp; Matsson, L. (1990). Periodontal conditions in a group of Swedish adolescents. J Clin Periodontol, 17: 609-612.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref33">
                        <label>33</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kavrık, F., Savaş, S., Küçükyılmaz, E., Uzer Çelik, E. (2016). Yüksek çürük riskli adolesanlarda farklı tedavi yaklaşımları. Turkiye Klinikleri J Dental Sci Casesi, 2(1): 35-43</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref34">
                        <label>34</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kesim, S., Unalan, D., Esen, C., Ozturk, A. (2012). The relationship between peri¬odontal disease severity and state-trait anxiety level. J Pak Med Assoc, 62(12): 1304–1308.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref35">
                        <label>35</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Kwan, S. Y. L., Petersen, P. E., Pine, C. M., Borutta, A. (2005). Health-promotion schools: an opportunity for oral health promotion. Bull World Health Organ, 83(9): 667-85.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref36">
                        <label>36</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Liddell, A., &amp; Locker, D. (1997). Gender and age differences in attitudes to dental pain and dental control. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol,  25: 314-318.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref37">
                        <label>37</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Locker, D. (1989). An introduction to behavioural science &amp; dentistry. New York: Tavistock/Routledge; 1989 pp. 31–38, 88–101, 136–160.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref38">
                        <label>38</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Lopez-Jornet, P., Camacho-Alonso, F., Sanchez-Siles, M. (2014). Assessment of general pre and postoperative anxiety in patients undergoing tooth extraction: a prospective study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 52(1): 18-23.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref39">
                        <label>39</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Marsh, P. D. (2010). Microbiology of dental plaque biofilms and their role in oral health and caries. Dent Clin North Am, 54(3): 441-454.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref40">
                        <label>40</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Mehrstedt. M., John, M.T., Tönnies, S., Micheelis, W. (2007). Oral health-related quality of life in patients with dental anxiety. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 35(5): 357–363.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref41">
                        <label>41</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ng, S. K., &amp;  Leung, W. K. (2008). A community study on the relationship of dental anxiety with oral health status and oral health-relatsed quality of life.  Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 36(4): 347-56.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref42">
                        <label>42</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Nicolas, E., Collado, V., Faulks, D., Bullier, B., Hennequin, M. (2007). A national crosssectional survey of dental anxiety in the french adult population. BMC Oral Health, 7: 12. Doi: 10.1186/1472-6831-7-12.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref43">
                        <label>43</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Oktay, E. A., Koçak, M. M., Şahinkesen, G., Topçu, F. T. (2009). The role of age, gender, education and experiences on dental anxiety. Gulhane Med J, 51: 145-148.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref44">
                        <label>44</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Öztunç, H., Haytaç, M. C., Özmeriç, N., Uzel, İ. (2000). Adana ilinde 6-11 yaş grubu çocukların ağız-diş sağlığı durumlarının değerlendirilmesi. GÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg, 17: 1-6.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref45">
                        <label>45</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Peretz, B., &amp; Efrat, J. (2000). Dental anxiety among young adolescent patients in Israel. Int J Paediatr Dent, 10: 126-32.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref46">
                        <label>46</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pohjola, V., Rekola, A., Kunttu, K., Virtanen, J. I. (2016). Association between dental fear and oral health habits and treatment need among university students in finland: national study. BMC Oral Health, 16: 26.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref47">
                        <label>47</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ritsner, M., Ponizovsky, A., Nechamkin, Y., Modai, I. (2001). Gender differences in psychosocial risk factors for psychological distress among immigrants. Compr Psychiatry, 42(2): 151-60.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref48">
                        <label>48</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Schuller, A. A., Willumsen, T., Holst, D. (2003). Are there differences in oral health and oral health behavior between individuals with high and low dental fear? Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 31(2): 116-21.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref49">
                        <label>49</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Schuurs, A. H. B., Duivenvoorden, H. J., Thoden van Velzen, S. K., Verhage, F. (1980). Three factors predicting irregular versus regular dental attendance: a model fitting to empirical data. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 8: 413–9.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref50">
                        <label>50</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Sghaireen, M. G., Zwiri, A. M., Alzoubi, I. A., Qodceih, S. M., Al-Omiri, M. K. (2013). Anxiety due to dental treatment and procedures among university students and its correlation with their gender and field of study. Int J Dent, 2013: 647436.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref51">
                        <label>51</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Storjord, H. P., Teodorsen, M. M., Bergdahl, J., Wynn, R., Johnsen, J. A. (2014). Dental anxiety: a comparison of students of dentistry, biology, and psychology. J Multidiscip Healthc, 7: 413-418.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref52">
                        <label>52</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Talo Yıldırım, T. (2016). Evaluating the relationship of dental fear with dental health status and awareness journal of clinical and diagnostic research. J Clin Diagn Res, 10(7): ZC105-ZC109. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/19303.8214</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref53">
                        <label>53</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Thomson, W. M, Stewart, J. F, Carter, K. D., Spencer, A. J. (1996). Dental anxiety among Australians. Int Dent J, 46(4): 320-4.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref54">
                        <label>54</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Thomson, W. M., Locker, D., Poulton, R. (2000). Incidence of dental anxiety in young adults in relation to dental treatment experience. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 28: 289-294.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref55">
                        <label>55</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tulunoğlu, Ö., Bodur, H., Akal, N. (1999). Aile eğitim düzeyinin okul öncesi çocuklardaki ağız-diş sağlığı uygulamaları üzerine etkisinin değerlendirilmesi. GÜ Diş Hek Fak Derg, 16: 27-32.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref56">
                        <label>56</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Tunc, E. P., Firat, D., Onur, O. D., Sar, V. (2005). Reliability and validity of the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) in a turkish population. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 33: 357-362.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref57">
                        <label>57</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Woolgrove, J., Cumberbatch, G., Gelbier, S. (1987). Understanding dental attendance behaviour. Community Dent Health, 4: 215–21.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref58">
                        <label>58</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yost, K. G., Mallatt, M. E., Liebman, J. (2006). Interproximal gingivitis and plaque reduction by four interdental products. J Clin Dent, 17: 79-83.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
