Viral enfeksiyonların tedavisinde kullanılan geleneksel tıbbi bitkiler: Kısa bir derleme

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 2, 29 - 48, 09.05.2020

İsmail Uzar Fatıma Uzar

Abstract

İnsanlik tarihi boyunca varlığını muhafaza eden virülser, en bulaşıcı mikroorganizmalardan sayılabilir. İnsanları enfekte eden virüsler DNA veya RNA virüslerine ayrılabilir. İnsanlığın, mevcut COVID-19’a benzer pandemikleri önlemesine veya en aza indirmesine yardımcı olacak etkili tedavi yöntemleri geliştirmesi için, her bir virüs sınıfının viral replikasyon döngülerine ve enfeksiyon mekanizmalarına aşina olması önemlidir. Çoğu antiviral ilaçlar, geniş spektrumlu olup ortak viral enfeksiyon faktörlerini hedef alır. Ancak dünya genelinde eşit erişilebilirlik olmaması ve yüksek maliyet ile istenmeyen yan etkiler, alternatif tedavi yöntemlerine girmemizi teşvik etmektedir. Bu kısa inceleme, dünya çapında viral enfeksiyonları tedavi etmek için geleneksel tıbbi sistemlerde kullanılan bitkiler ve bunların in-vitro ve in-vivo farmakolojik çalışmalarına odaklanacaktır. DNA virüslerinden Herpesviridae ve Hepatit B virüsü için kullanılan tıbbi bitkiler ele alınırken, HIV, influenza ve Coronaviridae ailesini tedavi etmek için kullanılan bitkiler, RNA virüsleri kapsamında tartışıldı. Sonuçlarımız, doğal kaynaklardan birçok ilacın geliştirildiğini, ve birçok bitkinin yaygın viral enfeksiyonlara karşı potansiyel spesifik ila geniş spektrumlu etkileri için henüz yeterince araştırılmadığını göstermektedir.

Keywords

viral enfeksiyon, tıbbi bitkiler, geleneksel tıp, etnofarmakoloji, etnobotani

Traditional medicinal plants used for the treatment of viral infections: A short review

Abstract

Viruses are among the most infectious microorganisms and have been present alongside humans throughout history. Viruses infecting humans can be divided into DNA or RNA viruses. It is important to be familiar with the viral replication cycles and the infection mechanisms of each class of viruses şn order to produce efficient vaccines and develop effective treatment regimens, which will help mankind prevent or minimize pandemics such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. Many antiviral drugs are used as broad spectrum to attack common factors of viral infections. However, absence of equal accessibility worldwide and cost of treatments and vaccines, together with the undesirable side effects of these drugs encourages us to venture into alternative treatment modalities. This short review will focus on plants used in traditional medical systems worldwide and their corresponding pharmacological trials, both in-vitro and in-vivo¬. Medicinal plants used for Herpesviridae and Hepatitis B virus was addressed when considering DNA viruses, while plants used to treat HIV, influenza, and the Coronaviridae family was discussed under the scope of RNA viruses. Our results indicate that many drugs were developed from natural sources and many plants are yet to be explored for their potential specific and broad-spectrum effects against common viral infections.

Keywords

viral infection, medicinal plants, traditional medicine, ethnopharmacology, ethnobotany

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