Jüt Tarımı ve Mekanizasyonu

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 66 - 75, 18.12.2018

M. Emin Bilgili , Sedat Süllü Uğur Sevilmiş

Öz

Bu çalışmada, içeriğinde %26 lif, %60 sap ve %14 yaprak bulunan, Jütün (Corchorus olitorius L.)

tarımı ve mekanizasyonu açısından problemlerin tespiti amaçlanmıştır. Bitkinin özellikle ürün yönetimi;

toprak işleme, ekim, sulama, gübreleme, zirai mücadele, bakım, hasat, elyafın saptan soyulması (lif sıyırma),

değerlendirme, biyokütle ve ekonomik önemi gibi faaliyetlerin yanı sıra taksonomisi ve botanik durumu da

irdelenmiştir.

Türkiye’deki jüt üretimi, bazı nedenlerden dolayı sadece araştırma ve geliştirme amaçlı, sınırlı bir

alanda yapılabilmektedir. Birçok bitkiye, lif içeriği ve biyokütle bakımından alternatif ya da münavebe bitkisi

olabilecek; yerli, tescil adayı iki hat olmasına rağmen özellikle mekanizasyon kaynaklı problemlerden dolayı

üretimi yapılamamaktadır.

Birçok ülkede, jüt tarımı ülkelerin kendi koşullarına göre mekanize olmuş ve üretilmekte iken Türkiye

jüt konusunda, Dünyada ABD’den sonra ikinci ithalatçı ülkedir. Türkiye’de ekonomik anlamda jüt çok

büyük yer tutmaktadır. Özellikle ekim ve hasat dönemlerinde yoğun bir işgücüne ihtiyaç duyulmasının,

Türkiye’de jüt ekim ve hasat makinasının olmaması jüt tarımının gelişimi için önemli bir dezavantaj olduğu

söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jüt tarımı ve sorunları, mekanizasyon, Türkiye

Jute Agriculture and Mechanization

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to determine the problems in terms of agriculture and mechanization of

Jute (Corchorus olitorius L.), which contains 26% fiber, 60% stalkand 14% leaf content. Especially product

management of the plant, Taxonomy and botanical status as well as activities such as tillage, sowing,

irrigation, fertilization, pest management, harvesting, fiber peeling (fiber stripping), product usage, biomass

and economic importance was examined.

Turkey produces jute in a limited area basicly for research and development purposes. Instead of jutes

capacity to be an alternative in terms of fiber content and biomass and exsistance of two domestic lines at

registration stage, there is no domestic production due to the problems caused by mechanization in particular.

In many countries, jute agriculture has been mechanized according to the conditions of the countries, but this

is not the case for Turkey and mainly due to this reason Turkey is the second jute importer country in the

world after US. Jute is a an important economic material in Turkey. It can be said that the need for intensive

labor force especially during sowing and harvesting periods and lack of suitable sowing and harvesting

machinery in Turkey are important disadvantage for the development of jute cultivation in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jute agriculture and problems, mechanization, Turkey

Kaynakça

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